Ukuhlolelwa utshwala emsebenzini
Utshwala yinto eyamukelekayo emphakathini ikakhulukazi uma umuntu esendaweni yokujabula noma kuyisikhathi sokuphumula noma esokuzijabulisa, kodwa ukuphuza utshwala kunayo imithethela engemihle nange ndlela umuntu acabanga ngayo kanti nenza ngayo, ikakhulukazi emsebenzini noma ngabe siyakwamukela lokho noma cha.
Izimboni eziningi eNingizimu Afrika zinenqubomgomo ‘yokungabekezelelani’ uma kuziwa ekuzeni emsebenzini uphuze utshwala, noma udakiwe noma ukuzibandakanya nabanjalo ngesikhathi somsebenzi. Ngisho utholakale uzibandakanya nabadakiwe noma abasebenzisa izidakamizwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza, kuyicala lokho. Ukuhlolwa kotshwala egazini kulawulwa ngokucophelela emphakathini, emigwaqweni yomphakathi, nasendaweni yokusebenza ikakhulukazi lapho abasebenzi benza khona imisebenzi ethinta ukuphepha.
Ngenxa yokuziphatha okungafanele kwabasebenzi endaweni yomsebenzi, kuyaphoqa ukuthi kube nezinhlelo zokuthi umqashi azivikele yena nempahla yakhe, avikele abanye abasebenzi kanye nekhwalithi yomsebenzi ngokuthi kubekwe izinyathelo ezithile zokubhekana nokuthi abantu beze emsebenzini bedakiwe noma bethe ukuthinta kancane.
Ngenxa yokuziphatha okunjalo, ikakhulukazi kuba sebenzi sonke siyazi ukuthi kukhona ukusetshenziswa kwalokho okwaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi amabreathalyzer. Kukhona ngisho nombono ongelona iqiniso wokuthi ama-breathalyzer awavunyelwe ukusetshenziswa. Abanye banendlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi awaniki imiphumela efanele, abanye baze benqaba ukuphefumula uma becelwa ukuba benze njalo, ikakhulukazi emigwaqweni. Mhlamphe kusemqoka ukuthi siqonde ukuthi i-breathalyzer iyini nanokuthi isebenza kanjani.
I-breathalyzer yilokho umuntu angakubiza ngokuthi ‘icalculator’ isebenziswa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi sikhona yini isidingo sokuthi umuntu aphenywe noma cha, ingabe bukhona yini utshwala emzimbeni.
Okokuqala, okubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi imishini yokuhlola umoya (breathalyzer) akumele ibhekwe njengedivayisi, engasoze inikeze impendulo engalona iqiniso. Yebo imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwama-breathalyzer akumele ihunyushwe njengeqiniso elimile futhi elingephikiswe futhi yamukelwe njengobufakazi obuqanda ikhanda, kodwa izinyathelo zokulawula ukusebenza kwayo kanye nemiphumela kumele zenziwe, ukuqinisekisa imiphumela ekuyiyonayona nethembekile. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi siqonde ukusetshenziswa kwalo mishini kahle ngaphambi kokwenza umbiko womphumela wokuhlolwa waziwa, okungaba nemiphumela engelona iqiniso.
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kotshwala bokuphefumula yize kwesinye isikhathi engeyona iqiniso ezindaweni zokusebenza ngeshwa iyiqiniso elingephikwe ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwe-breathalyzer. Umthetho 85 ka-1993 ucacile ngokuthi umqashi ngeke avumele umsebenzi ukuba angene noma ahlale endaweni yokusebenzela edakiwe futhi ngaphezu kwalokho akekho umuntu ovumelekile endaweni yokusebenzela edakiwe. Isibonelo umshayeli wochwepheshe noma umqhubi wemishini akavunyelwe ukuba nokuhlushwa kotshwala egazini elikhulu kune-0.02 amagremu nge-100ml (0.02%). Ngenxa yalokhu umqashi uye aphoqeleke ukuthi ahlole abasebenzi uma bezongena emsebenzini.
I-breathalyzer nayo ingumshini ekufanele uhlohlwe futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi usebenza kahle ngasosonke isikhati futhi unesitifiketi sokuqinisekisa ukuthi usezingeni okuyilona lokusebenza. Abaqashi bavamise ukukhetha ukuthola isitifiketi sonyaka. Imishini yokuhlaziya kumele ibesezingeni ngokukhethekile ngaphambi nangemva kokusebenziswa njalo njalo, ukuze izokwazi ukunikeza imiphumela efanele.
Ngakho ke, ukuthola isitifikethi sonyaka kucacisa ukuthi akubona ubulungiswa ukuthola isitifiketi sonyaka wonke se-breathalyzer njengoba lokhu kusho ukuthi umqashi akayisevisi njalo futhi ayisekho ezingeni elifanele. Impendulo ye-breathalyzer idinga ukuqapha okuqhubekayo ngumsebenzisi wayo ngokuthi ihlonzwe kabusha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ithuluzi lihambisana nokukhonjisiwe ezitifiketini.
Akwamukelekile ngokwesayensi ukuthi ihlonzwe kanye ngonyaka bese ihlale unyaka wonke ingahlonziwe noma kuze kube ‘usuku lwayo olulandelayo’ lokuhlonzwa. Umuntu uvame ukuzibuza ukuthi uma imiphumelea ingelona iqiniso ngenxa yokuthi iyona i-breathalyzer ibidinga ukuhlonzwa noma uma sebethola ukuthi imiphumela ibikade iyinika ayilona iqiniso ingabe umsebenzi wenze njani? Ubona kanjani ukuthi yafa nini? Noma kuba sengathi uma ifa ngaleso sikhathi yini? Bayabatshela yini abasebenzi ukuthi kube nenkinga noma kuphela kanjalo nje.
Kuyiqiniso ukuthi abasebenzi bazithola bengaphansi kwezinyathelo zokuqeqesha ngokudakwa emsebenzini uma kusungulwa ukuthi isisebenzi siphuza ngisho ngaphansi kuka-0,1 milligrams ngamamililitha angu-1000 okuphefumula ohlelweni lwabo, ngisho nangemva kwezinyanga ezingu-6 ngenkathi i-breathalyzer ingazange ihlonzwe ngendlela ngoba phela umqashi unesitifikethi sonyakha. Kuyintshisekelo yobulungiswa ukuhlola ukuth ukusebenza kwebreathalyzer kusezingeni elifanele, isibonelo esihle ukuthi emgwaqweni kusetshenziswa i-breathalyzer futhi ngemva kwalokho umuntu udonswa igazi kungakapheli amahora ama-2 ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kokudakwa, okuyinto eyikhwalithi yobufakazi.
Ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwe-breathalyzer, abaqashi kufanele babe nemihlahlandlela ecacile ngodaba lokudakwa noma ukuphuza / ukuthatha izidakamizwa ngenkathi umsebenzi esemsebenzini nokuthi leyo mihlahlandlela (noma ikhodi yokuqeqesha) yaziswe abasebenzi. Umqashi kufanele ahlukanise phakathi kokungaziphathi kahle nokungakwazi ukusebenza.
Ukungaziphathi kahle kuhlobene nokudakwa okusolwayo emsebenzini okuwudaba lwesimilo. Ukudakwa njalo noma ukungabikhona emsebenzini okuxhumene nalokhu kungaba uphawu lokuthi umsebenzi udinga usizo ngokwezidakamizwa noma utshwala obungaphathwa njengendlela yokungakwazi ukusebenza.
Kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokuthi isisebenzi siyakwazi noma asikwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yaso, uhlobo nomthwalo wemfanelo womsebenzi wesisebenzi, kanye nobungozi nengozi yendawo yokusebenza yesisebenzi. Izinga umqashi akhuthaza ngalo ukusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala/ izidakamizwa kuyisici esibalulekile ekunqumeni isigwebo esifanele sokusebenzisa kabi utshwala noma izidakamizwa nokuvuselelwa kumele kubhekwe njalo.
Ukungaziphathi kahle okukhulu okwenza ubudlelwane bokuqashwa obuqhubekayo bungabekezeleleki, kungafaneleka ukucabangela ukuxoshwa, inqobo nje uma kulandelwe inqubo enobulungiswa. Lokhu kubandakanya ukuthi sibe nethuba elifanele lokuphendula ngezinsolo ezibhekiswe kuye.
Kepha umbuzo uthi uma i-breathalyzer iseviswe kanye ngonyaka imiphumela yayo ingabe isezingeni yini? Ingabe iyiqiniso yini? Wenza njani umsebenzi ozithola esekingeni ngenxa yaleyo miphumela na? Uzivikela kanjani ukuthi i-breathalyzer ayikho sezingeni elifanele.
Lombhalo awusona iselulekho ngezomithetho kodwa izi zolwazi olungwayekile. Abafundi balenkulumo bayagququzelwa ukuthi baxhumane nabameli ukuthola iseluleko ngezomthetho nolwazi okuyilona lona.