UBaba we-Afrika ugubhe iminyaka engama-95
Izwekazi i-Afrika kuleli sonto libungaze ukuqeda iminyaka engama-95 kwazalwa onguBaba weNamibia uMnu uSam Nujoma nosekunguye kuphela osadla anhlamvana kubaholi basezwenikazi ababa ngabokuqala ukuhola uHulumeni wedemokhrasi emazweni abo. Ngesikhathi iNamibia ithola inkululeko eNingizimu Afrika ngowe-1990, uNujoma nguye owaqokwa njengoMengameli wokuqala kulandela ukunqoba kweqembu lakhe iSouth West African People’s Organisation (Swapo).
UNujoma ubalwa nezingqalabutho ezwenikazi esezalala okukhona kuzo uMnu uNelson Mandela waseNingizimu Afrika, uMnu uJulius Nyerere waseTanzania, uMnu uKenneth Kaunda waseZambia, uMnu uRobert Mugabe waseZimbabwe, uMnu u-Augustino Neto wase-Angola kuya kuMnu uSamora Marchel waseMozambique.
Imiyalezo yonwele olude isaqhubeka nokungena emndenini wakwaNojoma neqembu iSwapo ifisela lomholi impilo enhle. Ugubha usuku lokuzalwa nje kuke kwasabalala imibiko yokuthi udlulile emhlabeni.
Esitatimendeni iSwapo ithe impilo kaBaba weNamibia yiyo eyenza isizwe sibe nentshisekelo yokusebenzisana ndawonye ekulweni nobubha, indlala kuqedwe nokucindezelwa kwabantu. ISwapo ithe iNamibia ikuleli zinga ekulo nje ngokubuswa ngedemokhrasi kungenxa yendlela eyahlahlwa nguNujoma. Engena esikhundleni waphakamisa ukuthi uMengameli ahlale kuphela amahlandla amabili, okuyinto eqoshwe kuMthethosisekelo wezwe.
UMengameli osesihlaleni manje uMnu uNongolo Mbumba ongene emuva kokudlula emhlabeni isigubhukane kukaMengameli uHage Geingob. iqembu elisemandleni eNamibia kuseyiyo iSwapo. Kwabaningi uma kukhulunywa ngaleli lizwe into efika kuqala ugwadule eyaziwa ngalo umhlaba wonke.
Kubantu baseNamibia ugwadule selwaphenduka umnotho emkhakheni wezokuvakasha ngenxa yabantu abaphuma emazweni ahlukahlukene abantweza ngezimoto eziphakeme kulo. Njengoba iNamibia yayiqonelwe yiNingizimu Afrika ngesikhathi sobandlululo izindawo eziningi zakhona zisabizwa ngamagama esiBhunu njengenhlokodolobha iWindhoek, idolobha elikhulu iSwakopmund.
Njengamaqembu amaningi ezombusazwe athatha umbuso emuva kokuthola inkululeko, iSouth West African People’s Organisation (Swapo), nayo isiqala ukuhlehlelwa izikhuni, yize lisenakho ukuhlonipheka ngenxa yokuthi kusekhona uNujoma. Ukwehlelwa kweSwapo ngamandla kugqame kakhulu ngokhetho lowezi-2019 lukazwelonke lapho lalahlekelwa khona amavoti amaningi. Nasokhethwenu bohulumeni bezindawo lwangowezi-2020 kwaba esifanayo.
Amaqembu aphikisayo
Iqembu elikhulu kwaphikisayo iPanduleni Itula’s Independent Patriots for Change (IPC) yilona elibonakala lenza kahle. Okhethweni lwakamuva leli qembu lithathe amavoti amaningi okukade kungaweSwapo. Into leli qembu elikhankasa ngayo uhulumeni ongenalo iconsi lenkohlakalo eliwuthembisa abantu uma belibeka emandleni, nokulwa nenkohlakalo kuzona zonke izinhlaka zalo.
Umfelandawonye wamaqembu aphikisayo oholwa yiyo i-IPC yiwona ophethe uhulumeni enhlokodolobha iWindhoek kusuka ngowezi-2020 emuva kokhetho lohulumeni bezindawo. Kuningi kubantu ukuthembelka emaqenjini aphikisayo, noma sekube nezigameko lapho abaholi bawo bethukana esidlangalaleni.
Umnotho nezimboni
Umnotho waseNamibia uncike kakhulu kuzimbiwa, kodwa ushayeke kakhulu ngonyaka wezi-2020 ngesikhathi kwehla iGross Domestic Product (GDP). I-International Monetary Fund yalula isandla kuhulumeni ngemali eyizi $270.8 million ngoNdasa wezi-2021 ukulekelela leli lizwe ezinkingeni zalo zokhuvethe. Isinyathelo esithathwe uhulumeni kube ngesokunqamula imali eya ezisebenzini zakhe ngenhloso yokubhekana nesimo somnotho.
Izimayini nezokuvakasha yiyona mikhakha emibili eyakhahlamezeka kakhulu ngesikhathi sokhuvethe. Amathemba abuyile ngesikhathi umkhiqizo wedayimane ufinyelela kuma-400 000 carats kwisigama sesithathu sonyaka wezi-2021, okube ukukhula okungama-64.9%, kwaba ngesifanayo nangowezi-2020.
NgoMfumfu, iNamdek okuyinkampani kahulumeni esebenzisana nenkampani yedayimane yaseNingizimu Afrika iDe Beers, yamemezela ukuthi umkhiqizo wayo wokumba amadayimane ezindaweni ezivulekile uzoqhubeka kuze kube ngunyaka wezi-2042.
