Isinqumo se-USA nge-ICC siveza ubuxoki kwezombusazwe
ABAPHENYI be-International Criminal Court (ICC) bavusa umhlwenga kuHulumeni wase-United States of America (USA) mhla beshicilela umbiko wophenyo lwabo mhla zingama-20 kuLwezi ngowezi-2017 ngezigameko ezenzeka empini yombango e-Afghanistan.
Kokuningi lo mbiko owakuveza kwaba wukuthi: “Ulwazi esesilucoshile luveza izizathu ezizwakalayo zokukholelwa ukuthi amabutho kanye nezinhloli zase-USA benza izenzo zokuhlukumeza, ukuphathwa kabi, ukwehliswa kwesithunzi sobuntu, ukudlwengula nokuhlukumeza ngokocansi ababeyiziboshwa eziphathelene nempi yombango”.
Lo mbiko wawuyingxenye yesiphakamiso eseza noMshushisi Omkhulu we-ICC uNks uFatou Bensouda sangonyaka wezi-2006 sokuthi kuke kuphenywe ngempi yase-Afghanistan ukuze kwazeke ukuthi kungabe zikhona yini izigameko ezidinga ukuba i-ICC kube khona ebashushisayo. Lesi sinqumo sikaNks uBensouda ngesigunyazwe ngaphansi kweRome Statute, okuyiyo elawula ukusebenza kwe-ICC.
Uphenyo olunjengalolu lwase-Afghanistan luwuhlelo vele i-ICC esebenza ngalo nehlale ilulandela kwezinye izigameko zakwamanye amazwe okungabalwa iLibya, iDemocratic Republic of Congo (DRC), i-Uganda kanye ne-Ivory Coast, lapho le Nkantolo yake yangenelela khona.
Uphenyo lwe-ICC kula mazwe lwavunyelwa ukuthi luqhubeke ngaphandle kwezihibe, amazwe ayephatheka nabasolwa banxenxwa ngamanye amazwe ikakhulukazi afana ne-USA ukuthi le nkantolo ayingaphazanyiswa emisebenzini wayo.
Kepha le mibono yehluka uma imikhonto ye-ICC isibhekiswe ku-USA. Akupholanga maseko emuveni kwalo mbiko i-USA yakubeka kwacaca lapho imi khona mayelana nodaba lokuphathwa kahle kwamalungelo abantu ngezikhathi zezimpi.
UHulumeni wase-USA aqinisa ikhanda wagizelela ukuthi lo mbiko wabaphenyi be-ICC yimbundane nokuthi kwakungenasidingo sokuthi inkantolo izixake ngokuphenya okwenzeka e-Afghanistan. Lo Hulumeni waxwayisa i-ICC, ikakhulukazi iHhovisi loMshushisi, ukuthi uma iqhubeka nale ‘mbudane’ izohlangana nezimbila zithutha. Kubili-ke okuxakayo ngalokhu kusongelwa kwe-ICC.
Okokuqala wukuthi imilomo eminingi ehlale ithi i-ICC kumele isekwe futhi ihlonishwe yathula du ngekhathi i-USA ikhombisa ukuthi ngeke iyishaye mkhuba eyalo mbiko.
Lokhu kuxaka ngoba yiyo le milomo esheshe ikhulume uma amanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi ase-Afrika, ekhononda ngendlela i-ICC eyenza ngayo. Okwesibili, yona le USA yabe iyingxenye yamazwe ayelokhu egqugquzela i-ICC ukuthi iphenye izigameko zakwamanye amazwe futhi isekwe ekushushiseni abasolwa.
Okwancomeka ngowezi-2017 wukuthi uMshushisi we-ICC akangenwanga ngamanzi emadolweni ngoba waqhubeka nokuwubeka ezithebeni zabehluleli be-ICC umbiko wabaphenyi ngonyaka wezi-2018. Ewubeka ezithebeni zabahluleli wayelandela imibandela yeRome Statute yokuthi emuva kophenyo olufana nalolu kumele abahluleli beseke ukuba i-ICC ingaqhubeka nophenyo olunzulu ukuze ikwazi ukushushisa abasolwa. Lesi senzo sancomeka ngoba uMshushisi wasithatha sekucacile ukuthi angase azithole enengcindezi uma ezoqhubeka nalolu daba.
Lesi siphakamiso soMshushisi sasekwa abahluleli okwenza ukuthi uphenyo luqhubeke. Kepha ukungayizwisisi le ndaba kwe-USA kwabonakala ngokuthi abaholi abathize kuHulumeni abafana noMeluleki Wezokuphepha uMnu uBolton kanye noNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle uMnu uPompeo belokhu beqhubekile namazwi ayiziswana bewabhekise ku-ICC.
Laba baholi bagadle kwezwakala ekuqaleni kukaMbasa nonyaka ngokuthi bahoxise imvume yokungena e-USA (Visa) yoMshushisi we-ICC.
Umthelela wokuhoxiswa kwale mvume kube wukuthi uNks Bensouda angeke akwazi ukuyokwethula imibiko ngemisebenzi ye-ICC ku-United Nations (UN) eNew York. Lesi sinyathelo se-USA esikhombisa ukuthi siphokophelele ukunswinya ukusebenza kwe-ICC asigxekwanga ngabaningi, okuxakile ngoba njenganjalo, kuhlale kukhona abavivayo belindele ukubeka imibono uma bebona sengathi i-ICC ayihlonishwa.
Kulokhu akukhulumanga muntu, ngisho i-UN uqobo ayizwakalanga iphakamisa izikhalazo ngesinyathelo esizodala ukuthi olunye lwezinhlaka okuthiwa zibalulekile ukuze kwakheke umhlaba ophethwe ngemithetho nobulungiswa, lungakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi walo ngendlela.
Abebelulandela lolu daba abamangalanga uma abahluleli be-ICC bekhipha isinqumo sokuthi uphenyo ngezigameko zase-Afghanistan, ikakhulukazi olufaka i-USA aluvalwe ngoba ababoni ukuthi ukuqhubeka nalo kuzofeza izinjongo zobulungiswa.
Lesi sinqumo sabahluleli sisho ukuthi umsebenzi owaqala eminyakeni eyevile kweyi-15 usuphelele oboyeni kuhle kwezithuthuthuku zenja. Inhlokomo evame ukuzwakala uma oHulumeni base-Afrika bethatha izinyathelo ababona kuyizo ezifanele amazwe abo, ayizwakalanga kulesi sase-USA.
Yilokhu kuba mbaxambili nobuxoki bamazwe afana ne-USA okuqinisa amazwi athi le-ICC nokusebenza kwayo kusamele ukuthi kufakelwe amehlo.
- UMnu Senzo Ngubane, uNgoti ozimele kwezocwaningo lokudala ukubuyisana nokuthula ezwenikazi i-Afrika