Ingamahele inhlangano yezizwe ezihlangene nge-Ukraine
NgoLwesithathu olwedlule i-United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) okungenye yezinhlaka ezibalulekile kakhulu ze-UN ngoba wonke amazwe angamalungu alenhlangano nabalelwa kwi-193 anezwi elilodwa futhi elilinganayo, ibambe umhlangano obudingida lempi ekhona e-Ukraine. Ukubanjwa kwalo mhlangano kuqondane nonyaka kwaqubuka lempi, ngaleyondlela ungathathwa ngobuphokophelele ukubuyekeza osekwenzekile uphinde uqinise izwi lalenhlangano ngokumele kwenzeke kulempi esibe nomthelela omubi kwizingqinamba eziningi amazwe omhlaba abhekene nazo, nokubalwa kuwo awase-Afrika.
Ngendlela i-UN esebenza ngayo i-UNGA ayimane ihlangane nje, ngoba ikhona iminyango nezinye izinhlaka ezasungulelwa ukudingida izinhlelo ezahlukene zalenhlangano. Ngakho ke ukubanjwa kwalomhlangano ngaphansi kwe-UNGA kuyinkomba yokuthi amazwe ayi-5 okuyiChina, iRussia, i-United States of America (USA), iFrance kanye ne-United Kingdom (UK) nokuyiwo anamandla agcwele okuthatha izinqumo ngaphansi kwe-UN Security Council (UNSC) awaboni futhi awakazu kubona ngaso linye odabeni lwase Ukraine. Ngokwejwayeleki, udaba olufaka ezokuphepha emhlabeni jikelele ikakhulukazi la sekuqubuke khona impi lubekwa ezithebeni ze-UNSC, hhayi i-UNGA. Noma imigomo ye-UN ingayivimbi i-UNGA ukuba ibhekane nodaba olubucayi njengalolu kodwa iyacacisa ngokuthi kumele lube kwi-UNSC ngoba yiyo enamandla okuthatha izinqumo ezinohlonze. Obekucace bha ngaphambi kokubanjwa kwalomhlangano bekungukuthi iUNSC ibizohluleka ukuhlala ukuze idingide loludaba, noma ngabe ibihlala iRussia ibizozibona ‘njengomgilwa’ bese isebenzisa amandla nelungelo elingenakuphikiswa enalo ukugwema lolu hlaka lwe-UN ukuthi luze nezinqumo. Ngaleyondlela, kugcine sekuba iUNGA eba yinkundla yokuthi iRussia igxekwe bese ithwesa necala ‘loluhlasela elinye izwe nosekubeke ikuthula emhlabeni wonke engcupheni’. Yikho isinqumo sayo, kokunye esikuphakamisele kube ukugcizelela ivu lwayo lokuthi iRussia “ihoxise ngokushesha, ngokuphelele nangokungenamibandela wonke amasosha ayo endaweni yase-Ukraine futhi yaphakamisa cela kuqedwe ukulwa”. Kumalungu abekulomhlangano abalelwa kwi-141 aseke lesinqumo kwaba ayi-7 asichithile, kwase kuthi angama-32 aligodla (abstained) ivoti lawo. Ngonyaka owedlule emveni kokuqala kwalempi ayengama-35 amazwe agodla ivoti lawo kwathi anquma ukusiphikisa ema-5.
Emveni kokuphothulwa kwalomhlangano, amazwe athize ikakhulukazi awase Nyakatho – avote ngobuningi bawo ukweseka lesinqumo – nabezindaba bagxile kakhulu kukhulu kumazwe anqume ukugodla ivoti lawo nalawo asiphikisile lesinqumo, okubalwa kuwo nawase Afrika. Kumazwe ayi-7 aphikisane nesinqumo kubalwa iMali ne Eritrea kwawase Afrika. Kuzokhunjulwa ukuthi iMali ingelinye lamazwe ase Ntshonalanga Afrika nawabe engamakoloni eFrance esilizama ukuziqhelelanisa nawase Nyakatho. Muva nje, uHulumeni wase Mali uthathe isinqumo sokuthi amasosha ase France aphume aphele eMali, ngoba isizosebenzisana ne Russia ekulweni nontamo iqinile kulelizwe. Kulawo angama-32 abalelwa kwi-15 anqume ukugodla ivoti nolubalwa iNinigizimu Afrika, iUganda, iMozambique, iZimbabwe, iSudan, iEthiopia kanye ne Namibia.
Kulamazwi aziswana awaseNyakatho ashwabula ngokuthi awase-Afrika acheme ‘nesigilamkhuba’, ‘ayehluleka ukuthatha izinqumo ezikhombisa ukuthi azimele’, ‘angamazwe angakhathazekile ngamalungelo abantu’. Lokugxekwa kwamazwe ase-Afrika kukhombisa ukungabi nabulungiswa kumazwe ase Nyakatho, ubuxoki kwabezindaba kanye nokubukela phansi amazwe ase Afrika. Yini eyenza lamazwe abone sengathi uma awase Afrika engaseki wona kusho ukuthi awazimele? Yini ebenza bacange ukuthi ukuchema nawo kwizinqumo ezinjengalezi bekuzokhombisa ukuthi lamazwe ase Afrika azimele? Kwabezinkundla zokuxhumana ikakhulukazi amaphephandaba adabuka kumazwe ase Nyakatho akukho nelilodwa elizame ukuthola izizathu zokuthi kungani lamazwe ase Afrika eqoke ukugodla noma ukusiphikisa lesinqumo, kunalokho agxume ahlala ngokugxeka. Kodwa lesenzo asimangazi ngoba vele iningi labo lisaqhubeka nokuzikhohlisa ngokuthi amazwe ase Afrika adansele kuphela isiginci sawase Nyakatho.
Lempi esithathe unyaka – nesazothatha isikhathi ukuba iphele – izoqhubeka nokudunga imimoya phakathi kwamazwe ehlukene nalapho awase-Afrika ezozithola ekwengcindezi yokuthi ahambisane ‘neziqhwaga zakudala zaseNyakatho. Lesimo sizophinde siqhubeke nokwenza izwekazi inkundla yabahambeli abangapheli bezama ukunxenxa amazwe ehlukene ukuba eseke izinjongo zawo kulempi yase Ukraine. Ngenyanga edlule bekuhambele uNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle waseRussia, kuleli sonto uthelekile ezwenikazi uMengameli Macron waseFrance, nabanye bayeza. Kukho konke lokhu silindiele ukuthi i-Afrika iqhubeke nokukhombisa ukuthi izimele, nokuthi lempi yase Ukraine akuyona eyethu, noma ngabe izwekazi liyingxenye yamazwe afisa ukubona ukuthula emhlabeni jikekelele kodwa akumele liphoqwe ukwenza izinqumo elaziyo ukuthi azinabo ubulungiswa.
UMnu Senzo Ngubane, uNgoti kwezocwaningo lokudala ukubuyisana nokuthula ezwenikazi i-Afrika