Amaphaphu phansi ngomkhuhlane wezinkukhu
Emuva kokubheduka komkhuhlane ohlasele izinkukhu umphumela wakho okube ukushoda kwamaqanda nenyama yenkukhu lube lukhulu ungabazane kubantu bakuleli ekutheni ngabe wona amaqanda nenyama yenkukhu okusatholakala kuphephile yini ekutheni kungadliwa. Abenhlangano yabafuyi bezinkukhu, iSouth African Poultry Association bacacisile ngokuthi abukho nobuncane ubungozi ezinkukhwini nasemaqandeni. Le nhlangano sikhuluma nje isebenzisana nabeNyuvesi yasePitoli ekuqhubeni ucwaningo oluqinisekisa ukuthi lolu hlobo lokudla luphephile.Ngokubambisana bakhiphe imiphumela eveza ukuthi umkhuhlane wezinkukhu iH7N6 ayinamthelela kubantu. Umphumela wocwaningo owenziwe ososayensi kule nyuvesi muva nje ukhombise ukuthi akukho nokuncane okungu esidi obizwa nge-amino kule mikhiqizookungaholela ekutheni umkhuhlane ukwazi ukuthola indawo nakubantu.“Ngokusho kososayensi lo mphumela uwubufakazi bokuthi akukho nokuncane okungenza abantu bazithole bengaphansi kwengcindezi noma batheleleke ngalo mkhuhlane,” kusho isitatimende seSouth African Poultry Association. Ukubhebhetheka kwalo mkhuhlane okuthiwa kudalwe ukwandwa kwe-HPAI okuwuketshenzi oluhambisana nezinkukhu laqala ukutholwa ezinkukhwini eDelmas eGoli ngoNhlangulana nonyaka. Ukusabalala kwalo mkhuhlane kuthiwa kulula ngoba unamandla kakhulu ezinyonini nezinkukhu. Kuze kube yimanje zilinganiselwa ezigidini ezi-10 izinyoni nezinkukhu esezitheleleke ngalo mkhuhlane. Zilinganiselwa ezigidini ezi-6 izinyoni nezinkukhu esezifile ngenxa yalo mkhuhlane iH7N6. Ngasekuqaleni konyaka kufe izinyoni ezi-1.7 million ngenxa yomkhuhlane.
Ngokusho kososayensi abantu abangena emapulazini okngaba ngabasebenzi yibo okumele bahlale njalo beqaphile ngokuthi lo mkhuhlane ungabangeni kalula njengokuthi emuva komsebenzi baqinisekise ukuthi bayageza, bashintsha izingubo futhi basebnzise nezifuthi ukuvimela ukusabalala kwawo.Ngokusho kososayensi izigameko zokuqala ezaqoshwa zalo mkhuhlane zabikwa eNingizimu Afrika ngowezi-2017, yize zingazange zibe mandla njengalezi zakamuva. Ukuqubuka kwesibili kwalo mkhuhlane kwenzeka ngonyaka wezi-2020, nalokho kwagqibeka ngenxa yokuhlasela kobhubhane uKhuvethe ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ngokusho kososayensi bekulindeleke ukuthi ukuqubuka okulandelayo kuzobangelwa amagciwane kanye nezigameko zokuqala ezibikiwe ze-HPAI 2023 ezifundeni ezisogwini zazihlotshaniswa nezinhlobo ze-H5. Ochwepheshe bendawo basebenzela phezu kwenkolelo yokuthi ukuqubuka kwamanje kwe-H7N6 HPAI kwadalwa lapho igciwane eliphansi le-pathogenicity AI (LPAI) elizungeza ngaphandle kokubangela izifo ezinyonini zasendle lishintsha libe uhlobo lwe-HPAI olujwayele ukubangela isifo esibi ezinkukhwini. Abanikazi bezitolo ezindaweni zakobantu abakhuluma nelaboHlanga phambilini ngesikhathi kuqubuka ukushoda kwamaqanda bakhala ngokuthi njengoba intengo yawo isinyukile ezitolo ezinkulu, bona bangaphansi kwenkulu ingcindezi ngoba abakwazi ukunyusa intengo kakhulu ngenxa yokuzwalana nomphakathi odonsa kanzima.
Omunye waveza nokuthi useyaphoqeleka ukuthi awalande e-Eston ngaseMbumbulu lapho kunomkhiqizo omkhulu khonayize esebnzisa imali eningi kaphethroli. Uluhlobo luni lomkhuhlaneI-Avian influenza “ umkhuhlane okwaziyo ukulawuleka. Konke ukubheduka kwezifo emapulazini kubikwa ngokushesha kugatsha lwezilwane lukahulumeni, olubhekelela lesi sifo.Inqubo yokulawula iHPAI iwukuthi wonke amapulazi athintekile abekwe ngaphansi kwe-quarantine eqinile futhi zonke izinyoni ezisaphila ziyabhujiswa futhi zilahlwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kuncishiswe ukubhebhetheka kwesifo.Okukhulu kakhulu ukuthi izinsizakalo zezilwane zikahulumeni azinazo izinsiza ezanele zokulawula ukubheduka kwalesi sifo ngempumelelo. Okwesibili, ngenxa yokuthi umbuso awubanxephezeli abalimi ngokulahlekelwa kwabo, banobunzima bokuthola abalimi ukuthi bathobele imiyalelo yokuthi bagawule. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuqubuka kwezifo kusabalele ngaphandle kokulawula. Izinyoni ezinalesi sifo zikhishiwe emapulazini angenwe yilesi sifo ukuze zidayiswe -zihamba nalesi sifo.Abalimi ngaphansi kwe European Union neMelika bayanxeshezelwa ngokuhlasela kwalo mkhuhlane okuyinto okuthiwa nohulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika kuyomele uyibuyekeze.
Ukuqubuka kwe-HPAI kuvame ukuba ngokwesizini. EYurophu, zenzeka ngokuyinhloko ezinyangeni zasebusika. ENingizimu Afrika, kukhona ukuthambekela okufanayo kodwa okungacacile kakhulu ezimweni eziningi ebusika kanye nezimbalwa ehlobo. Lokhu kungase kuhlobane nokuncipha kokuphila kwegciwane esimweni sezulu esishisayo sasehlobo.Ngokusho kwabacwaningi isixazululo esingaba khona ukwethulwa kwemithi yokugoma efanele. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ukulahlekelwa okuhambisana nokuqubuka kwezifo futhi kuzonciphisa ukubhebhetheka kwalesi sifo phakathi kwamapulazi. Njengayo yonke imithi yokugoma, ayikwazi ukuvimbela izinyoni ukuthi zingatheleleki kodwa ingakwazi ukulawula izinga lokutheleleka futhi isakaze. Kodwa abakwazi ukusiqeda lesi sifo.
Ososayensi bathi iNingizimu Afrika izodinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imithi yokugoma ebhaliselwe ukusetshenziswa ezweni iyasebetshenziswa ngendlela ngokulandela imigomo nemibandlela futhi ayiphelelwa isikhathi. Baphetha ngokuthi konke lokhu kuzothatha isikhathi, ngisho nangomzamo omkhulu kahulumeni nezimboni.
