Isigwebo sentambo eNingizimu Afrika
Ngokomthetho waseNingizimu Afrika, Ukubulala kuchazwa njengokubulala omunye umuntu ngokungemthetho futhi ngenhloso. Zimbili kuphela izinhlobo zokubulala umuntu amacala akhona angaqulwa ngazo ezinkantolo zethu. Eyokuqala ukubulala umuntu ngamabomu, okungekho emthethweni kanye nokubulala ngokungenhloso, lapho kuba nobudedengu.
Izinga lokubulawa kwabantu ezweni lethu liyashaqisa, izibalo zikhomba ukuthi kubulawa abantu abangama-75 ngosuku eNingizimu Afrika. Uphiko lwamaphoyisa aseNingizimu Afrika (SAPS) luthi isibalo sokubulawa kwabantu esizweni sinyuka unyaka nonyaka kanti sibonakale senyuke kakhulu ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala kwalonyaka (2023). Izibhamu izona zikhali ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekubulaleni ezweni lwethu. Isibonelo, amacala okubulala ahlobene nezibhamu angaphezu kukha 800 kusukela ngenyanga uMasingana wezi-2022 kuze kube uMbasa wezi-2023 ezweni lethu
Ukubulala kuhlukaniswa ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene. Isibonelo “Ukubulala ngenhloso”. Lolu hlobo lokubulala kulapho othile, ekufakela ushevu ekudleni kwakho. Inhloso yakhe ukubulala umuntu. Esinye isibonelo “iFelony-murder” – lolu hlobo lokubulala ilapho kubulalwa umuntu ngesikhathi kwenziwa elinye icala. Isibonelo nje, abenzi bobubi bagebenga isitolo bese badubule umnikazi wesitolo bambulale. Olunye uhlobo lokubulala elokubulala ngokungenhloso. Isibonelo salolu hlobo lokubulala yilapho umuntu ashayele imoto budedengu nangobudlaba bese kudaleka ingozi kufe abantu. Isibonelo sokgcina “Ukubulala ngesihluku” – lenhlobo yokubulala ilapho umbulali ebulala umuntu ngendlela ebonisa ukudelela nokungahloniphi kanye nokungabaluleki kwempilo yomuntu. Isibonelo, ilapho umuntu afike ahlahlele umuntu ngocelembe noma adubula umuntu phambi kwesixuku ngaphandle kokuzifihla ukuthi ungubani.
Uma inkantolo ithetha icala lokubulala kufanele ibheke ukuthi ingabe ukubulala lokho kwakuhleliwe noma cha ngoba makuwukuthi bekuhleliwe, ummangalelwa angagwetshwa udilikajele. Uma kwenzeka inkantolo ithola ukuthi ukubulala bekungahleliwe, abasolwa bangagwetshwa iminyaka eli-15 ejele, noma iminyaka engama-20 ejele noma iminyaka engama-25. Izizathathu zezigwebo ziyehluka futhi isibonelo nje kuyangohlobo lobufakazi obethulwe enkantolo. Isigwebo sentambo asinaso ezweni lethu. Umthetho uvumela izimantshi namajaji eNkantolo Ephakeme ukuthi bacele abahlaziyi/iziqapheli/abahloli ukuba babasize kuwona wonke amacala okubulala futhi kufanele baqokwe ngaphandle uma ummangalelwa ecela ukuthi icala lakhe liqulwe ngaphadle kwabo (abahlaziyi/iziqapheli/abahloli). Lokhukuqokwa kwabo kubonisa ukuthi umthetho ulubheka ngokujulile kangakanani ilungelo lokuphila nokwazisa ukuphila komuntu.
Indlela impilo yomuntu enganakwa ngayo ikakhulukazi uma kubhekwa izibalo zokuthi bangaki abantu ababulawa ngosuku ezweni lethu iyadumaza. Izibhamu ezingekho emthethweni kwenza isimo sibe nzima kakhulu. Izinkabi zivame ukukhokhelwa imali encane kakhulu ukuze benze umsebenzi (ukubulala). Sekwabalula kabi ukuthola inkabi esikhathini samanje futhi ababulali kanye nezikabi abakhathalelwe kuthenjwa. Ubona lapho inkabi idubula umuntu eFlea market, kugcwele kuphithizela. Muva nje eNkantolo eNkulu yaseMthunzini owesilisa ulahlwe yicala wagwetshwa iminyaka engama-20 ngokuqasha izinkabi ukuthi zibulale unina wezingane zakhe. Lokhu sekwaba intsala vukela umchilo wesidwaba emindenini eminingi eNingizimu Afrika, lapho abathandanayo bevele babulalane. Umuntu azibuze ukuthi izingane zizokhula kanjani? Ngoba phela manje sekufanele amanye amalungu omndeni asize ekukhuliseni izingane zomufi.
Maningi amacala afikayo emqondweni, kuNhlaba kuwo lonyaka kudutshulwe kwabulawa udokotela eGqeberha kube kuyatholakala uNkosikazi wakhe kanye nendodana yakhe ezaqasha izinkabi ukuthi zimsoconge bese uyazibuza ukuthi kuzokwenzakalani ngefa lakhe uma kuwumndeni wakhe ombulele. Emavikini ambalwa adlule omunye usomabhizinisi wendawo obenabasebenzi abalinganiselwa kwi-139 endaweni yakwaSkhemelele udutshulwe wabulawa kanti futhi nalapho kunombuzo wokuthi kuzokwenzekani ngemindeni ebisebenzela losomabizinisi. Kubonakala sengathi kunokunganakwa ngokuphelele ukubaluleka kwempilo yomuntu ezweni lethu esilithandayo.
Izinga lokubulala kanye nenqubomgomo ezinkantolo okuqulwa nezigwebo zezinkantolo zethu zisishiya kuphi thina. Ingabe kufanele sinqume ukuthi izimiso zomthetho kufanele zikhiphe isigwebo sentambo sokubulala ukuze zibeke inani eliphakeme kakhulu lokuphila komuntu, njengoba zishiya isijeziso esinzima kulabo abathintekayo ilomkhuba.
Iqiniso eliqotho ukuthi isigwebo sentambo saqedwa mhla ziyisi-6 kuNhlangulana kowe-1995 ngesinqumo seNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo ecaleni lika-S v Makwanyane. Ngakho-ke, ukubuyisela isigwebo sentambo eNingizimu Afrika akunakwenzeka ngenxa yesigatshana se-11 kuMthethosisekelo wethu.
Esinye isibonelo salendikimba ukuthi isigwebo sentambo angeke sabuya ezweni lethu sitholakala emacaleni athintana nokubuyiselwa kwesigila mkhuba kwelinye izwe, ikakhulukazi uma isakhamuzi sezwe elithile simelana nokubuyiselwa lapho singagwetshwa khona isigwebo sentambo ngaphandle uma lowo ocelayo enikeza iziqinisekiso ezigculisayo kulowo oceliwe ukuthi angeke isigwebo sentambo sibe isijeziso. Obunye ubufakazi bokuthi isigwebo sentambo asibuyi eNingizimu Afrika ukuthi
ohulumeni wethu wenza izethulo mayelana nokunqunywa kwesigwebo sentambo kwamanye amazwe lapho owaseNingizimu Afrika etholakala necala ezweni lapho isijeziso esokhishwa inkantolo kwi sakhamuzi saseNingizimu Afrika. Uma isigwebo kufanele kube esentambo, kufanele ngokomthetho wokuhlanganisa, kujeziswe ngesijeziso sokudilikelwa yijele njengoba ukubulala kuyicala ngaphansi kwesigaba se-11 soMthetho Wobugebengu ezweni lethu.
Lenkulumo akusona iselulekho ngezimithetho kodwa ulwazi olungwayekile. abafundi balenkulumo bayagququzelwa ukthi baxumane nabameli ukuthola iselulekho ngezomthetho nolwazi okuyilona lona.