Izingxoxo zamaholo neziteleka kuyahambisana
Kusukela kuNhlaba kuze kusondele kuZibandlela minyaka yonke, yisikhathi sokuxoxisana kuhlanganyelwe kubaqashi nezinyunyana zabasebenzi. Phela isihloko esikhulu okuxoxwa ngaso kuba ukukhushulwa kwemiholo nemihlomulo eyahlukene ehambisana nemiholo. Kulesisimo sobudlelwano, iqholo elikhulu lomqashi yigunya lokuthi yena wengamele umnotho okhiqizwayo. Yilo elimnika amandla negunya akusebenzisayo uma kuxoxiswana. Nguye owengamele ibhodwe eliconsayo nonezwi elibanzi ukuthi izisebenzi uzihlinzeka ngeqatha elingakanani.
Igunya lezinyunyana ngamandla abasebenzi bebumbene. Yilungelo labasebenzi lokuhoxisa amandla abo uma kungekho ukuzwana nomqashi. Isikhali esikhulu sabasebenzi ukuhlangana babemunye, bekhuluma ngazwi linye futhi bathathe isinqumo ngobunye nesinyathelo sokuhoxisa amandla abo uma kungekho ukuthelelana amanzi nomqashi. Angeke wazehlukanisa iziteleka nokuxoxisana kuhlanganyelwe ngoba kufana namathe nolwimi. Ngakho kufanele sikulindele ukuthi lesi kuba yisikhathi seziteleka kuzo zonke izimboni: ezizimele nezingaphansi kukahulumeni.
Siphawula ngalesisihloko, sibheka inqubo yokuxoxisana neyeziteleka ngokomthetho. Okokuqala, zombili lezinhlangothi ezixoxisanayo ziyalingana ngokomthetho. Umthetho unika ilungelo kubasebenzi ukuthi bebumbane ngaphansi kwezinyonyana bexolisane nabaqashi babo. Kanjalo nabaqashi banelungelo lokuhlangana ngaphansi kwezinhlangano zabo bexoxisane nohlangothi olumele abasebenzi.
Uma kuxoxiswana, kusetshenziswa ubuchule, ubuholi, amangwevu kanye nalamagunya ezinawo zombili izinhlangothi. Ilungelo labasebenzi lokuteleka lihlinjekwe uMthethosisekelo. UMthetho Wezobudlelwano Emsebenzini uyaligcizelela lelilungelo, uphinde ulawule nezindlela noma inqubo okufanele lisetshenziswe ngazo.
Ngokwawo futhi loMthetho abaqashi nabo banelungelo lokuvalela ngaphandle abasebenzi ukuba bengangeni emsebenzini kuze kube bemukela izimfuno zomqashi. Lokhu kuthi makufane nokuteleka komqashi. Kodwa kakulona ilungelo lokuteleka elihlinzekwe nguMthethosisekelo njengoba linikezwe abasebenzi kuphela.Lamalungelo elokuteleka okungelabasebenzi nelokuvalela ngaphandle okungelomqashi, amqoka ekuxoxisaneni kuhlanganyelwe. Phela yiwo okusuke kutshangwa zinhlangothi zombili okwenza ukuba kungabibikho oluqinisa ikhanda ngokungafanele noma lwenqabe ukuxoxa.
Zombili izinhlangothi zilahlekelwa kakhulu uma sekuze kwafika ekusebenziseni amandla esiteleka noma okuvalela. Ukuhoxisa ukusebenza kwezisebenzi, kuyalilimaza ibhizinisi lomqashi, kanye nesithunzi sakhe. Phela ingeniso lenkece liyanqamuka ngesikhathi benqwahile bengasebenzi abasebenzi. Kanjalo nezisebenzi ziyalimala ngokungatholi imiholo ngenkathi zisesitelekeni.
Akuzona izinhlangothi ezixoxisanayo kuphela ezilahlekelwayo ngenxa yeziteleka, kodwa nomnotho wezwe uyalimala. Kanjalo nomphakathi uyathinteka ulahlekelwe noma uphazamiseke ngandlela thizeni. Ukuxoxisana kuhlanganyelwe kudinga ubuholi obuvuthiwe nobuqinile nhlangothi zombili ngoba uma bungekho kungaze kuchitheke uphoko. Ikakhulu, nobudlelwano bokuqashwa buba ngumgilwa uma bungekho ubuhloli.
Phela okugqamayo futhi ngesiteleka yilungelo lokubhikisha (picketing) ukwelekelela isiteleka. Umthetho uthi makubhikishwe ngokuthula kungalinyazwa lutho. Kumele makuvunyelwane phakathi kwenyunyana nabaqashi ukuthi bazoziphatha kanjani abasebenzi uma bebhikisha. Uma kungekho kuvumelana uCCMA unelungelo lokubashayela umthetho wokubhikisha kuleso siteleka. Lokho kulawulwa yiSigaba sama-69 soMthetho Wezobudlelwana Emsebenzini.
Uma bebhikisha abasebenzi kufanele baqikelele ukuziphatha ngendlela engalimazi impahla namalungelo omphakathi noma omqashi ngoba uma bengena kuleso silingo umqashi unelungelo lokubaqondisa ubugwegwe okungaholela ekujezisweni nangokuxoshwa bexoshelwe ukuziphatha ngenkathi betelekile. Umqashi akanalungelo lokubajezisela ukuteleka okusemthethweni abasebenzi. Kodwa unelungelo lokubajezisela ukuziphatha okwephula umthetho wokubhikisha nowokuziphatha emsebenzini. Phela basesitelekeni nje, baseyibo abasebenzi abalawulwa yimithetho yokuziphatha emsebenzini.
Ukuziphatha okuphula umtheththo kwenzeka kuSATAWU enkampanini yakwaGarvis eKapa. Kulo mbhikisho kwafa abantu kwalimala nempahla yomphakathi owawungahlangene nengxabano yenyunyana nomqashi. Yaboshwa yahlawuliswa inyunyana ngaphansi koMthetho Olawula Ukuhlangana unombolo 205 wezi-1993 (Regulation of Gatherings Act 205 of 1993). Inyunyana yazama wonke amaqhinga ilwisana nalo mthetho ukuthi ushayisana noMthethosisekelo. Icala laze layofika eNkantolo YoMthethosisekelo (SATAWU & Another v Garvis together with City of Cape Town (2012) 33 ILJ 1593 (CC).
Ubuholi budingeka kakhulu ukulawula kuqikelele ukuthi isiteleka sifeza inhloso yaso nomphumela ozuzisa izisebenzi ube ungalimazi ukusimama kwebhizinisi lomqashi. Phela, enye ingozi yokuphuma esandleni kwesiteleka, esesithathe isikhathi eside ukudilizwa kwezisebenzi. Umqashi unelungelo lokudiliza ngezizathu zomntho nesimo sokuntenga kwebhizinisi lakhe. Maningana amacala lapho okwenzeka khona lokhu emva kweziteleka imvama ezithatha isikhathi zingaxazululeki. Umqashi uba nobufakazi obuningi bokukhombisa ukuthi ibhizinisi lakhe selilimale kangakanani okumgunyaza ukuthi adilize. Yize kufanele alandele inqubo yomthetho yokudiliza umqashi. Lokho akumnqindi ukulandela lelolungelo emva kwesiteleka esisemthethweni. Phela isizathu sokudiliza akubi yisiteleka, kodwa kuba yisimo somnotho webhizinisi.
Izinkantolo ziba matasatasa ngalesisikhathi sokuxoxisana neziteleka. Kuvame amacala ezicelo eziphuthumayo zokuvimba ukuteleka ngezizathu ezahlukene njengokuthi isiteleka kasikho emthethweni ngoba kakulandelwangwa inqubo yomthetho. Avamile futhi namacala aphuthumayo okunqanda ukubhikisha noma ukusebenzi udlame ngesikhathi sesiteleka. Inkulu-ke inkece esetshenziswayo kulezindlabano, okuyaye kungasanakwa nokuthi icala lizophumelela yini noma qha. Kodwa okubhekwayo kuphela ukuthi likhona ilungelo lokufaka lelocala elifunwa ngummangali.
Siyethulela isigqoko inyonyana iNUMSA enqobe ngokuxoxisana kuhlanganyelwe nomqashi i-Arcelor Mittal ibe iwakhomisile mandla negunya kokuteleka. Phela elaBohlanga lomhla zili12 kuNhlaba kophezulu, labika ukuthi lezinhlangothi zasayina isivumelwano semiholo seminyaka emithathu.
Funda kabanzi ngalemithetho ebhukwini “Sihlaziya Umthetho Wezabasebenzi Nabasebenzi.”
UMnu uBheki Khumalo ungumeluleki ozimele kwezomthetho wezisebenzi. Ubuye abe ngumahluleli nomxazululi emacaleni ngaphansi kweCCMA namaBargaining Councils ahlukene.
