Abesifazane bazithola bebhekene nokuningi okubacindezelayo
Njengoba bekubungazwa usuku lwabesifazane emhlabeni muva nje, lube sematheni udaba lowesifazane waKwaZulu-Natal, uNkk uFikile MaSibisi Mlaba, obebhekene nokudingiswa endaweni ngenxa yokungayigqoki inzila emveni kokushona komyeni wakhe.
Ubesolwa ngokuthi isenzo sakhe sizolethela isizwe saseMaHlutshini kwaHlathikhulu amashwa. Kube kuningi ukukhuluma ngalolu daba kwaze kwangenelela uphiko lwabesifazane be-African National Congress (ANCWL) KwaZulu-Natal ukuze luxazululeke.
Kepha okugqamile ngalolu daba ukuthi luselude ukhalo okusamele luhanjwe ukuze iqedwe inkinga yokungahlonishwa kwamalungelo abesifazane eNingizmu Afrika ngisho nasemhlabeni jkelele.
Akuqine ukusebenza kwemithetho evikela abesifazane
Ungakabi bikho uMqulu Wamalungelo abesifazane eNingizimu Afrika bebekhishwa inyumbazana futhi benganikiwe amalungelo alingana nawabesilisa. Abesifazane kuleli, ngokwenhlalo ngisho nangaphansi kwabazali nabayeni babo, bebethathwa njengezakhamuzi eziza kamuva. Bekunzima kakhulu kwabesifazane boHlanga ngenxa yebala labo nobulili. Ngezindlela ezahlukene nawo umthetho ubunesandla kulokhu. Isibonelo, uMthetho Wesintu ububeka abesifazane endaweni ephansi futhi ubabeka eceleni elungelweni lezingane nempahla. Kanti nabesifazane abamhlophe nabo iCommon Law ibibaphucile amalungelo ezingane nawezomnotho.
Nangalesi sikhathi abesifazane ikakhulukazi aboHlanga basancishiwe amathuba ngakwezomonotho, bayingxenye enkulu yabantu abangasebenzi futhi bavame ukuba benze imisebenzi eholela kancane, njengezisebenzi zasendlini nezasemapulazini.
Kujwayelekile futhi bahole kancane kunabesilisa abenza imisebenzi efanayo neyabo.
Kunjalo nje babhekene nezinga eliphezulu lokuhlukunyezwa nodlame lwasemakhaya.
Noma kunjalo ilungelo labesifazane eNingizimu Afrika lempilo, lesithunzi, langasese nokunye livikelwe ngokugcwele nguMthethosisekelo wezwe. Kodwa iSigaba 9 esibizwa ngoBulungiswakulunganiseka (Equity) yisona esiqondene nabo ngqo.
Lesi Sigaba sithi uHulumeni akufanele ucwase ngqo noma ngenye indlela ngaphansi kwemibandela yobuhlanga, ubulili, ubuzwe, ibala, iminyaka yobudala, ukukhulelwa, umshado, imvelaphi, inkolo, inkolelo, unembeza, isiko, ulimi nokuzalwa.
Ukuvinjwa kokukhishwa inyumbazana ngokobulili, ukukhulelwa, ngokomshado kuqondwe ngakho ukuvikela abesifazane.
Lesi Sigaba sishiya kungekho ukungabaza ukuthi ngeke kubekezelelwe ukukhishwa inyumbazana kwabantu kusetshenziswa lokhu osekubalwe ngenhla.
INkantolo YoMthethosisekelo isikhiphe izinqumo eziningi ezigcizelela amalungelo abantu besifazane.
Ecaleni likaBronk v Kitshoff NO, iSigaba 44 soMthetho Wemishwalense we-1943 siphuca abesifazane abaganile, hhayi abesilisa abaganiwe, yonke imihlomulo emalini yomshwalense abayishiyelwa abayeni babo.
Kuleli cala iNkantolo YoMthethosisekelo yathola ukuthi lesi Sigaba sicwasa abesifazane abashadile ngokobulili nangokomshado okuwukwephula umthetho wokulingana. Ngaphansi kwalesi Sigaba abesilisa abalahlekelwa imihlomulo yemishwalense abayishiyelwa amakhosikazi abo.
Le Nkantolo yathi njengoba umthetho iCommon Law, ovimbela iminikelo phakathi kwabashadile ususuliwe, asisekho isidingo sempikiswano ngemihlomulo yabesifazane abashadile abayishiyela ngabayeni babo.
INkantolo yaphinde yakuphikisa ukuthi lesi Sigaba sasibalulekile ukugwema ukungqubuzana phakathi kwamakhosikazi. Yathi lokhu kuxabana kungenzeka noma ngabe ngubani okumele ahlomule.
Le Nkantolo yabe isinquma ukuthi iZigaba 44(1) ne-44(2) azisekho emthethweni kusukela zingama-27 kuMbasa we-1994.
Ecaleni likaCarmichele v Minister of Safety and Security and Another elalimayelana nomgomo wezinkantolo wokuthuthukisa umthetho wesintu ukuze kuqhakanjiswe uMqulu Wamalungelo. Lapha udaba kwakuwukuthi ngabe iNkantolo Enkulu neYokwedluliswa Kwamacala ziwugcizelele yini umqondo wokwephulwa komthetho uma kubhekwa umsebenzi woMthethosisekelo wokuvikela amalungelo abesifazane.
Ummangali wayefuna amademeshe kulandela ukuhlaselwa waliyanyazwa kanzima ngowesilisa owayelinde ukuqulwa kwecala lakhe lokuzama ukudlwengula omunye wesifazane.
Nakuba umsolwa wayenomlando wokudlwengula kodwa amaphoyisa nomshushisi bancoma ukuthi adedelwe ngaphandle kwebheyili.
Ummangali wayemi kwelokuthi lokhu kwabe kunobudedengu ezeseka ngelungelo lempilo, lokulingana, lesithunzi, lenkululeko nokuvikeleka komuntu nelangasese. Kodwa iNkantolo Enkulu yathi ummangali wehlulekile ukuveza ukuthi amaphoyisa noma umshushisi wonile ngokwehluleka ukwenza umsebenzi obekwe umthetho wokuvikela ilungelo lakhe. Ummangali wadlulela eNkantolo Yokwedluliswa Kwamacala eyathi ngokomthetho amaphoyisa nabezokushushisa akukho okubaphoqa ukunakekela ummangali ngakho ngeke babekwa icala.
INkantolo YoMthethosisekelo yasamukela isicelo sikammangalelwa sokudlulisela leli cala kuyo yathi ohlangothini lwamaphoyisa, uHulumeni uphoqelekile ukugwema ukubandlululwa ngokobulili, ukuvikela isithunzi, inkululeko nokuvikelwa kwabesifazane.
Yaphinde yathi abashushisi, abanomsebenzi wokubeka phambi kwenkantolo noma yiluphi ulwazi oluthintana nokwenqatshelwa noma ukunikwa ibheyili, bangatholwa benephutha lobudedengu bokwehluleka ukwenza lokhu okubhekwe kubo.
Leli cala labe selibuyiselwa eNkantolo Enkulu yayalelwa ukuba ibheke ukuthi ngabe kubalulekile yini ukuthuthukiswa komthetho wesintu.
Elinye icala elithinta ukuhlukunyezwa kwabesifazane elalandelwa kakhulu kuleli ngowezi-2017 ngelikaMnu uMduduzi Manana owayeyiPhini likaNgqongqoshe Wemfundo Ephakeme elalihleli eNkantolo YeMantshi eRandburg lapho ayemangalelwe ngabesifazane abathathu ababemsola ngokubashaya.
Abamangali babesola uManana ngokubashaya ngenhloso yokubalimaza besendaweni yobumnandi eCubana eFourways, eGoli.
UManana wawavuma amacala iNkantolo yabe isimgweba izinyanga ezili-12 ejele noma akhokhe inhlawulo eyizi-R100 000.
INkantolo yaphinde yayalela uManana ukuba enze umsebenzi womphakathi amahora angama-500 futhi athole nokwelulekwa. Waphinde wayalelwa ukuba akhokhele abamangali amademeshe.
Leli cala lakugcizelela ukuthi ukuhlukunyezwa kwabesifazane yinto edlange kangakanani eNingizimu Afrika njengoba sekwenziwa nayizikhulu zikaHulumeni.
Umthetho Wodlame Lwasekhaya we-1998
Lo mthetho waphasiswa ukwelula ukuvikeleka okwakuhlinzekwa ngowawungaphambi kwawo iPrevention of Family Violence Act. Lo mthetho uthi udlame lwasekhaya akusiyo into yangasese kodwa icala elibucayi elibhekiswe emphakathini. Umthetho uma uchaza ngodlame lwasekhaya uze ufake hhayi kuphela abesifazane abashadile nezingane kepha nalabo abangaganile abasebudlelwaneni bozothando noma abahlala nezithandwa zabo, abathandana nabanobulili obufanayo, umama namadodana kanye nabanye abantu abahlala ndawonye.
UMthetho Wodlame Lwasekhaya uyakucacisa nokumele kwenziwe amaphoyisa uma efika endaweni yesigameko salolu dlame.
Uyakwamukela ukuthi ukuhlukumeza kungenzeka ngezindlela ezahlukene okungaba udlame lwasekhaya, ngokocansi, ngokomnotho, ngokomphefumulo nangokwengqondo.
Abagilwa bangavula icala emaphoyiseni, bathole incwadi yokuvikelwa, bathole umyalelo wenkantolo ukuba umhlukumezi aphucwe isibhamu sakhe futhi bangafaka isicelo senkokhelo ngobuhlungu nobunzima kanjalo nezindleko zokwelashwa.
Zingaba khona ezinye izisombululo kuye ngobungako bokuhlukunyezwa.
UMthetho Wesondlo we-1998
Lo mthetho waphasiswa ukubhekana nezinkinga ezazimayelana nemithetho emidala yesondlo kanti zinkulu izinguquko owazenza.
Imali yesondlo ingathathwa ngqo emholweni, uma ingakhokhwa imantshi ingadla impahla yalowo okufanele akhokhe. Kuwumsebenzi kaHulumeni ukuzingela labo abehluleka ukukhokha isondlo. Kujwayeleke ukuthi kube ngabesilisa nobaba abaphoqeleke ukunika abesifazane imali yesondlo kodwa eqinisweni akunjalo.