AbeTswana bagcina bevikelwa umbuso wamaNgisi esidladleni sikaRhodes
Isakhiwo nokuhleleka komphakathi wabeTswana, kunezikhulu (dikgoshana) abantukazana nabangaphansi kweminye imindeni nezisebenzi. Kunemikhosi ebahlanganisayo bakhumbule uBukhosi babo obukhulu bakudala. AbaKwena, abaNgwato bamukela uBukhosi bamaHurutshe ngalakho-ke kufanele kube khona imikhosi yakhona yoselwa abahlanganyela kuyo.
Leyo mikhosi yenziwa kuphela ngemvume yeNkosi yamaHurutshe. Indawo yesizwe sabeTswana yehlukaniseke kathathu, indawo yokwakha imizi, eyokulima neyamadlelo nokuzingela.
Umsebenzi omkhulu woBukhosi bakhona ukuqaphela nokuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zindawo zisetshenziswa njengoba kufanele yini, nokuxazulula izingxabano, izinduna zibanga izindawo. NakubeNguni njengamaZulu namaXhosa indawo yehlukaniseke kanjalo, inkinga nje ukuthi sengathi aMakhosi nezinduna abasakunakile ukuthi ngempela indawo isetshenziselwa lokhu eyaklanyelwa khona.
KubaTswana ukuze kugcineke ukuthula kube khona uzinzo kwenziwa imihlangano njalo, izimbizo, ukuze kuxazululeke ukungaboni ngokufana nemibango. INkosi inabantu abayisizayo ngokwelusa izinkomo zayo nokuvuselela iZigodlo zayo. Uma belusa izinkomo banelungelo lokuzisenga. Uma benze nje eminye imisebenzi iNkosi ibanika noma isiphi isipho esithandayo. Bonke uBukhosi babeTswana obabusenhlonhlweni yeKalahari bagcina sebungaphansi kombuso wabelungu ngaphandle kobamaNgwato kaKgama, iBotswana.
IBotswana yakhiwa yilezi zizwe, amaNgwato ngaphansi kukaKgama III, owabusa kusukela ngowe-1872 kuya kowe-1923, abaKwena ababengaphansi kukaSetshela, amaNgwaketse ngaphansi kukaGaisetswe, amaBathoen ngaphansi kukaBathoen, amaLete ngaphansi kuka-Ikaneng nabaKgatla ngaphansi kukaLwetse. Zonke lezi zizwe sezihlangene ziwela ngaphansi kukaKhama njengeNgomnyama noma uNkosinkulu wazo.
Ngasekupheleni kowe-1800 kwaba nombango oshisa phansi phakathi kwenkampani kaRhodes, iBritish South Africa Company, nomkhandlu owawuphethe iBotswana njengezwe elalivikelwe yiBritain wokuthi ngubani okwakufanele alawule izwe laseBotswana phakathi kwalezi zinhlaka zombili. Ngowe-1895 inkampani kaRhodes, iChartered Company, yafuna ukuthatha ngamandla ulawulo lweBotswana ezandleni zesikhulu seKoloni.
Ngemuva kokuba uKhama, uBathoen noLebele behambele eLondon beyobonana noSir Charles Warren ngalolu daba wabesememezela ukuthi indawo yaseBotswana eyayingaphansi kweKoloni neyayakhelene nayo yayingaphansi kokuvikelwa yiBritain. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezinkinga zezindawo kwathiwa ikomidi ngaphansi kobuholi boMfundisi uJohn Mackenzie.
Ngaphambi kokufakwa ngaphansi kweBritain abeTswana babehweba ngokunenzuzo ngeziphuku ezenziwe ngesikhumba, amazinyo endlovu, ummbila nezinkomo. Ukufakwa kweBotswana ngokokuphathwa ngaphansi kombuso waseBritain kuhlangene nezehlakalo zendalo njengesiqimu sowe-1896, abeTswana baya kancane belahlekelwa ukuzimela kwezomnotho. Ngenxa yomphangazane bagcine sebesebenza ezimayini zedayimane eKimberly negolide eGoli.
AbaVenda
AbaVenda nabo basuke phakathi ne-Afrika endaweni yamaChibi amaKhulu bafika bazinza eSoutpansberg. AbaVenda kwaba yisizwe sokugcina ukungena ngaseLimpopo siqhamuka phakathi ne-Afrika. Ulimi lwesiVenda iTshivenda yaqala ngekhulunyaka leshumi nesithupha.
Ngekhulunyaka lamashumi amabili lwagcina ukubhalwa nokukhulunywa kwalo selufana nesiShona. Abantu abakhuluma iTshivenda bayizi-875,000 eNingizimu Afrika. Umlando wabaVenda usukela embusweni weMapungubwe owaqala ngekhulunyaka lesishiyagalombili.
INkosi yokuqala yabaVenda kwakunguShiyadenga. Umbuso waMapungubwe waqala ngowama-800 AD. Indawo yawo ngaseNingizimu yayisuka eSoutpansberg inqamule umfula iLimpopo ize iyoshaya eMathopho ngasenyakatho. Kwathi ngowe-1240 wawa, kwase kusuka abantu ababewumisile nabahwebi bangena ngaphansi kombuso omkhulu weZimbabwe.
Ngemumva kokukhothama kweNkosi uThoho-yaNdou kwaba khona umbango omkhulu phakathi kwamakhosana ezindlu zakhe ukuthi ngubani owayezomlandela abeyinkosi. AbaVenda behlukene kabili: kukhona abangaseNtshonalanga abadabuka eSingo abazalwa ngabalandeli bakaMphephu Senthumele noKutama. Nabaqhamuka eMpumalanga abayinzalo kaLwamonde , Rambuda, Tshivase noMphaphuli.