Ukuxhumana kwezepolitiki: Uyaqhubeka nokuduka umyalezo weqembu elibusayo
Njengomholi womphakathi ngabe i-ANC ithathisela nokuthi ikhuluma nini nabantu baseNingizimu Afrika?
Umhla ziyisi-8 kuMasingana awukho mqoka nje kuphela emalungwini kaKhongolose. Kuwo lolu suku lumqoka ngoba luqopha umlando omqoka wokubunjwa kwale nhlangano. Kule minyaka yenkululeko sibone amakhulu ngamakhulu amalungu nabaholi bale nhlangano bebuthelana esifundazweni lapho umgubho usuke ukhonjwe khona. Okuqaphelakayo lapha wukuthi kusuke kugxilwe emalungwini asuke egcwele inkundla. Okuvame ukuxhumanisa amalungu nomphakathi jikelele kuba yinkulumongqangi esuke yethulwa ngumholi weqembu ngaleso sikhathi.
Kuyilishwa ukuthi kule minyaka lo myalezo awusahlanganisi noma wenza ukuqonda okufanayo phakathi kwamalungu kanye nomphakathi jikelele. Osekugqama wukuziphungela kwabaholi neqembu elibusayo. Kusuka ekuchazeni ngokuthi kungani abakusho eminyakeni eyedlule kungenzeki kuya kuzithembiso ezintsha. Okunye okubukeka sekwaba seqhulwini kule migubho yimizamo yokuveza ‘ubunye’ kubaholi nasemalungwini enhlangano. Lokhu kusuke kuyingcindezi eyenziwe ngabezindaba, abahlaziyi kanye nezigameko ezenza kuvele isithombe sokuthi inhlangano ihlangene phezulu kanti phansi ingamahele.
Umbuzo uthi ngabe uKhongolose ukhuluma nini nabantu baseNingizimi Afrika, izindaba ezithinta bona yize bengewona amalungu eqembu? Omunye umbuzo mhlawumbe okumele kube ngowokuqala ukulandela lo ongenhla yilowo othi ngabe uKhongolose uthathisela nini kubantu baseNingizimu Afrika? Le mibuzo yomibili imqoka enhlanganweni ehlale izethula “njengomholi womphakathi”.
Uma uyilokhu uKhongolose okholwa nohlale uthi uyikho ‘umholi womphakathi’ kufuze ukuba uyazi ukuthi lokhu kusho ukuthini. Konke lokhu kulele ekutheni ngabe le nhlangano isabaqonda yini abantu baseNingizimu Afrika nokuguquguquka kwabo neziduingo zabo. Kuqala cishe kwabe kulula kule nhlangano ngoba izinhlangothi zabe zimbili; kwakukhona umcindezelwa nomcindezeli. Ukwakha uhlelo lokuxhumana nomcindezelwa kwabe kulula ngoba wayaziwa ukuthi utholakalaphi nokuthi ungubani. Uma abaholi abanjengoMnu u-Oliver Reginald Tambo bekhuluma emsakazweni iRadio Freedom noma benza isethulo kwakulula ukuba bakhe umongo walokho abafisa ukukwedlulisa kubacindezeli. Kanjalo nomyalezo noma isexwayiso esabe siya kubacindezeli kwabe kulula ukuba sikhishwe ngoba umcindezeli wabe aziwa. Kulula nje ukuphetha ngokuthi ngezikhathi zobandlululo ‘amalungu kaKhongolose’ kwakungabacindezelwa bonke ngoba yabe izibeke njengomkhulumeli wabantu umyalezo wabe uya kubacindezelwa eNingizimu Afrika. Ngesikhathi abaholi bale nhlangano abafana noMnu uJohhny Makhathini noTambo bekhuluma emihlanganweni ye-Organisation of African Unity (OAU) noma ku-United Nations (UN) babengathi bakhuluma egameni lohlaka oluthile lweqembu kepha babethi bamele abantu baseNingizimu Afrika, aboHlanga.
Inselelo yombangazwe nombusazwe
Ukutholakala kwenkululeko ngonyaka we-1994 kweza nezinselelo ezintsha endleleni leli qembu elixhumana ngayo. Okokuqala kwabe sekunabantu abathathu; amalungu eqembu, abavotela iqembu kanye nabantu baseNingizimu Afrika.
Lesi simo sabe sesiphoqa ukuba i-ANC ekuHulumeni icophelele ukuthi emiyalezweni yayo ayenzi iphutha lokucabanga ukuthi ikhuluma namalungu ayo noma isemkhankasweni. Le ngcindezi ibonakele cishe kubo bonke abaholi benhlangano ngale kowe-1994 kusuka kuMandela. OkukaMadiba cishe kwaba lukhuni ngoba kwathi lapho ethi uyagxamalaza umuntu omdala, ekubeni ngumengameli wezwe noweqembu kwachuma lokhu kwezwe njengoba namuhla uKhongolose usambanga uMadiba nabo bonke abantu laba ngisho namaqembu aphikisayo.
UMzizi (uMbeki) yena uzame kakhulu ukuthi akhe into ayibiza ngokwenza uKhongolse ube yiqembu lesimanje. Kumqoka ukuqonda ukuthi ngalokhu wabe uMzizi echazani njengoba nabanye kuwo uKhongolose lokhu kusabacashele. Lapha isimo esabe sibhekene noKhongolose wukuthi webuze ekubeni yibutho lezombangazwe ube yiqembu lezombusazwe. KuMbeki lokhu kwabe kumqoka futhi kuphoqa ngoba phela yabe isiphumile ehlathini inqola emasondosondo isiphethe uHulumeni. Akulona ihaba ukusho ukuthi uMbeki wehluleka ukuguqula ibutho lezombagazwe ukuba libe yiqembu lesimanje elikuHulumeni ngendlela elixhumana ngayo nomphakathi.
Nokho kukhona uHulumeni kaMbeki umuntu owawunaye nowayekwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umyalezo kaHulumeni uyafinyelela emphakathini nakuwo amalungu kaKhongolose futhi wamukeleke.
Loyo muntu kwabe kunguMnu uJoel Netshitenzhe nowayenekhono elimangalisayo lokuhlanganisa inqubomgomo kaHulumeni kanye nezokuxhumana. Izigemegeme ezenzeka nezagcina zikhiphe uMbeki zafakazela iqiniso lokuthi uKhongolose awufuni ukungena ejokweni, awuyizwa ekaMbeki nezinguquko. NoZuma wehluleke wancama ukwenza lokhu ngisho eselande abantu abafana noMnu uMac Maharaj. Muva nje uMengameli uRamaphosa usabathe uyazama kulukhuni ngoba esikhundleni sokukhuluma ngoHulumeni nezinhlelo zakhe uRamaphosa nalaba abaphethe ezokuxhumana babhulana nemililo yeqembu.
Uma kungenjalo uzwa iqembu selenza okungahumusheka njengokugxambukela ohlweni oluzimele lukaHulumeni. Isibonelo nje ngeledlule umhlangano wokuqala wobuholi beqembu kuzwelonke uthathe isinqumo sokuthi izwe lingabuyeli esigabeni sesihlanu ngaphansi kokhuvethe. Lokhu kushiye umbuzo ukuthi njengoba iqembu liphawula umhlangano kaHulumeni nongoti ungakahlali kanti ngubani oletha ulwazi nothatha isinqumo ngezokuphepha
Sonke lesi simo sithola uvuthondaba uma onguMengameli weqembu kumele ethule inkulumo yakhe yonyaka yonke emyalezweni owaziwa ngelesiTatimende sikaMasingana (January 8 Statement). Ngakho belu ukugxamalaza abaholi beqembu bazithola sebehluleka ukwehlukanisa ukuthi bakhuluma nobani. Okuba wumqansa kakhulu yisimo lapho esikhundleni sokukhuluma okusha umholi uzithola eseshanela amabibi eqembu, khona lapho axube nomyalezo kaHulumeni kube yiziswambithi.
Enkulumweni yakhe ngoLwesihlanu olwedlule uRamaphosa uzame wancama ukwakha isithombe seqembu elibumbene enkonzweni yesizwe. Ekhuluma uze wayivuma induku umfo kaSamuel lapho exwayisa amalungu eqembu ukuthi umphakathi ongewona amalungu kaKhongolose usukhathele ngokuzwa ngomlando weqembu okumqoka manje ngokuhle elikwenzayo. Lo myalezo umqoka futhi uliqiniso, umbuzo uthi ngabe obuqondiswe kubo bayezwa yini noma kubo okumqoka okwamanje wukunqumana oqhoqho ngenxa yomswane wembabala (imali) lo osumenze bamantwenguntwengu.