Amagangangozi kaNdunankulu u-Abiy e-Amhara anganomthelela kokubili

UNgubane ungungoti wezindaba ezimayelana ne-Afrika nezokubusa.

Ngomhla zi-2 kuMbasa wezi-2018, u-Abiy Ahmed wakhethwa ngokusemthethweni njengoNdunankulu wase-Ethiopia, okusho ukuthi sekuphele iminyaka emihlanu ehlezi esihlalweni. Ngokwejwayelekile, lenyanga bekumele imunikeze ithuba lokuba abuyekeze futhi agubhe imisebenzi negalelo lakhe ekwakheni isizwe kodwa akubanga njalo. Kunalokho, lesikhathi seminyaka emihlanu enguNdunankulu siqondane nokuqubuka kwengxabano phakathi kukaHulumeni wezwe awuholayo nesifundazwe i-Ahmara okungesinye esibaluleke kakhulu emlandweni kanye nakwezepolitiki e-Ethiopia.

Sekuphele amasonto amabili kukhona imibhikisho enodlame kwisifundazwe i-Ahmara nalapho ababhikishi betholane phezulu namaphoyisa nabezokuphepha. Lemibhikisho iqubuke emveni kokuba uHulumeni wezwe unquma ukuthathela izinyathelo zonke izinhlaka zokuphepha ezikhona kwizifundazwe ezahlukene e-Ethiopia nezingalawulwa uHulumeni kazwelonke. Ingqikithi yalesi sinqumo ngukuthi phambilini oHulumeni abaningi bezifundazwe ezahlukene e-Ethiopia babutha futhi bazihlelela iviyo lamasosha angakhuzwa umdidiyeli wezempi kazwelonke. Kwizifundazwe ezifana ne-Oromo, iTigray kanye nayo i-Ahmara leli viyo labe liholwa ngoHulumeni bezifunda nabakhuzi balo bengasebenzisani nalabo abahola ezokuphepha kuHulumeni kazwelonke.

Izinhlelo ezinjengalezi zabe ‘zivumelekile’ phambilini ikakhulukazi ngenkathi i-Ethiopia isabuswa umbimbi olwalubizwa nge-Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) neyayihlanganisa wonke amaqembu amakhulu ayeqhamuka kuzifundazwe ezahlukene. Noma lolu hlelo ‘lwaluvumelekile’ kepha uMthethosisekelo wezwe awuzigunyazi izifundazwe ukuba zibe nebutho lazo liphinde lihlome libe yizingovolo, ugunyaza kuphela ukuba zibe namaphoyisa esifundazwe.

Ukuqembuka phakathi kwe-EPRDF kwadala ukungezwani nokungathembani phakathi kwamaqembu amakhulu ezweni nokwvusa umhlwenge kuNdunankulu u-Abiy ngokuthi aqinise mandla kaHulumeni kazwelonke ikakhulukazi kwezokuphepha. Ngakho isinqumo esidalulwe ekuqaleni kwalenyanga siyingxenye yalezifiso zakhe noHulumeni awuholayo kepha ngeshwa kwisifundazwe iAhmara bazohlangana nembila zithutha njengoba ikhombisa lemibhikisho esiqubukile.

Noma ngabe isinqumo sikaHulumeni kazwelonke sihambisana noMthethosisekelo kodwa ugeje umgodi ngokusithatha njengamanje. Lokhu sikusho ngoba kusanda kuphothulwa izingxoxo zokwakha ukuthula kweyaseTigray nebisithathe iminyaka emibili. Bekulindeleke ukuthi uHulumeni kazwelonke ugxile kulesivumelwano ubambisene nezifundazwe ezahlukene kunokuba uqale olunye uthuthuva. Okuphinde kuxake, nokukhalazelwa abaholi kwisifundazwe i-Ahmara ukuthi leli viyo elizimele osekuthiwa namhlanje alichithwe, yilo elazibandakanya namasosha kaHulumeni kazwelonke kududulwa “abavukeli mbuso” baseTigray kuleminyaka emibili. Ngaleyo ndlela i-Ahmara ikhalazela ukuthi kunokuba uHulumeni kwazwelonke ababonge ubona kuncono ukuthi abhekise imikhonto ngakubo.

Kumele uHulumeni kwazelonke wenze ngakho konke ukuthi lemibhikisho esiqalile ingabhebhetheki futhi isisombululo siqhamuke ngokuthi kufakanwe imilomo kunokuba kudaleke enye impi kwisifundazwe esibalulekile ezweni.

I-Ahmara, nenabantu abayizigidi ezingama-22, iyindawo yesibili ngobukhulu e-Ethiopia, kuphinde kube yiyo ehamba phambili ngokuba namagugu omhlaba amaningi ezweni ngaphansi kwe-United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Lapha kungabalwa iSemien Mountains National Park eyaqokwa ngowezi-1978 yi-UNESCO kanye nesakhiwo sesonto iRock Hewn eseLalibela nayo eyaqokwa yi-UNESCO njengegugu lomhlaba. ILalibela namasonto ayo asemandulo iheha inani eliningi lezihambeli ezibuya kwamanye amazwe minyaka yonke ukwedlula zonke izindawo ezikhona e-Ethiopia.

Izizathu ezenze iGhana yathela uGandhi othulini

I-Unesco yaphinde yengeza iFasil Ghebbi ngowezi-1979 njengenye yamagugu omhlaba nokwakuyisihlalo sobukhosi base-Ethiopia obabuzinze endaweni ebizwa ngeGondar eyabe iyiNhlokodolobha yasebukhosini iminyaka engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili. IFasil Ghebbi inezigodlo ezingamashumi amabili, izakhiwo zasebukhosini, umtapo wolwazi wasebukhosini, izitebele zamahhashi, amasonto kanokusho, izindlu zezindela kanye nezakhiwo ezihlukile zomphakathi nezizimele ezakhiwa ngesikhathi sokubusa kwamakhosi phambilini.

Ngaleyo ndlela kumele kwenziwe ngakho konke ukuthi lesifundazwe esimumethe amafagugu esizwe singazitholi sisempini ngoba akunasiqiniseko sokuthi lamafagugu ayophepha. Ngaphezu kwalokho asikho isidingo sokuthi lelizwe liphinde lizithole libhekene nenye impi emveni kwalena ebiseTigray. Emveni kweminyaka emihlanu u-Abiy esesihlalweni usedlule kokuningi futhi kusakukhulu okumele akwenze ukuze kwakheke izwe elinokuthula, ngakho izinyathelo zakhe kumele kube ngezikhombisa intshisekelo yokudlondlobalisa nokwandisa ukubuyisana kwezizwe ezehlukene e-Ethiopia.

^{UMnu Senzo Ngubane, uNgoti kwezocwaningo lokudala ukubuyisana nokuthula ezwenikazi i-Afrika}