Ichazani inqubo yeSigaba 89 ekuMthethosikelo wokuphathwa kwezwe

UMthethosisekelo yiwona umthetho ophakeme ukwedlula yonke eminye imithetho, ngakho-ke, yonke eminye imithetho kumele ihambisane noMthethosisekelo. Negama liyazisho ukuthi umthetho oyisisekelo sayo yonke imithetho. Wonke umuntu waseNingizimu Afrika kumele athobele umthethosisekelo.

UMthethosisekelo awubandlululi kanti futhi awukhethi abantu noma ngabe unasiphi isikhundla. Nomongameli wezwe, naye umelwe isibopho sokumela, avikele futhi ahloniphe umthethosisekelo njengenhloko yezwe. Yikho zasala zibambe ongezansi izakhamuzi zaseNingizimu Afrika emuva kwezinsolo zokuthi uMengameli uMatamela Cyril Ramaphosa ubandakanyeka kwizenzo eziphambene nomthethosisekelo.

Izinsolo ezibhekiswe kuMongameli ezokuthi wehluleka ukubika ubugebengu emuva kokuthi kutshontshwe izizumbulu zemali yangaphandle kwaseNingizimu Afrika eyingama-dollar aseMelika eplazini lakhe iPhalaphala. Ngokusho kwakhe uMongameli, emuva kwalesisigameko akalivulanga icala emaphoyiseni aseNingizimu Afrika, kepha wakhetha ukuthinta uMajor-General Wally Rhoode (inhloko ebhekelela ekuzovikela kukaMongameli) ukuba aphenye ngalesigameko.

Kusolakala ukuthi uphenyo elenziwa uMajor-General laholela ekutheni izigilamkhuba zibanjwe, kusolakala nanokuthi akulandelwanga inqubo yengalo yomthetho emuva kokubanjwa kwezigilamkhuba. Lezinsolo ezenziwa ngo-Mongameli zakha isithombe sokuthi izenzo zakhe zephula umthetho wokuvikela amacala ahleliwe phecelezi i-Prevention of Organized Crime Act.

Ithimba elizimele laqokwa iPhalamende ukuthi liphenye liphinde lithole ubuqiniso balezizinsolo. Lelithimba lasungulwa ngaphansi kwesigaba samashumi ayisishiyagalombili nesishiyagalolunye (89) lomthethosisekelo. Ngokwalesisigaba, iPhalamende linegunya lokususa uMengameli esikhundleli sakhe uma kutholakele ukuthi izenzo zakhe ziphambene nalezizathu ezizwakalayo:

• a. Uma ephule umthetho sisekelo noma umthetho;
• b. Ukungaziphathi kahle noma ngobuqotho;
• c. Noma ukwahluleka ukwenza imisebenzi yehhovisi lakhe.

Izinsolo ezazishiwo ngoMengameli zazikhomba ekutheni izenzo zakhe zephule isizathu sokuqala ngenhla.

Ngokwesigaba-89, ilunga lePhalamende linegunya lokuqala inqubo yokukhishwa kwaMengameli esikhundleni emuva kokwenza isiphakamiso esiphathekayo. Lesisiphakamiso sithunyelwa kusomlomo wePhalamende osidlulisela kwithimba elizimele elakhiwe ochwepheshe abathathu bezomthetho abazimele. Lesiphakamiso sithunyelwa kanye nobufakazi obuthunyelwe ilunga elenze isiphakamiso.

Lelithimba liqokwa usomlomo wePhalamende emuva kokudingida namaqembu ezombusazwe ahlukahlukene asePhalamende. Lelithimba kumele liphenye liphinde lihlolisise ukuthi bukhona ubufakazi obanele ukuze amalunga ePhalamende azokwazi ukuqhubheka nenqubo yesigaba-89. Lelithimba kumele lisebenze ngokuzimela, ngaphandle kokukhetha, nokuchema kanye nokubandlulula.

Ithimba elizimele kufanele liqede izingxoxo mayelana nophenyo ezinsukwini ezingamashumi amathathu bese lenza umbiko kwiPhalamende. Emuva kokuthola umbiko, iPhalamende kumele lidingide ukuba liyafuna ukuqhubeka nophenya ngokwesigaba-89.

Uma iPhalamende lithola amavoti anele (amaphesenti angamashumi amahlanu nanye – 50% + 1%), udaba luyaqhutshwa luye kwikommidi elikhethekile elidingida ukugudluzwa kukaMongameli ehhovisi lakhe ngokwesigaba-89. Ikommidi elikhethekile elidingida ukugudluzwa kukaMongameli nalo lenza uphenyo lwalo mayelana nezinsolo ukuze lizokwazi ukuba nesiqiniseko zazo lezinsolo nokuthi lithole ubucayi bazo.

Uma ikommidi elikhethekile selidingide ngokwanele, nalo lenza umbiko othunyelwa kwamalunga ePhalamende. Amalunga ePhalamende kumele ahlangane ngokukhulu ukuphuthuma emuva kokuthola lombiko. Uma umbiko wenza iseluleko sokuthi uMongameli makagudluzwe esikhundleni sakhe, iPhalamende kumele lenze ukhetho. Kulolukhetho ukuze uMongameli ezogudluzwa esikhundleni kudingakala amavoti amashumi ayisithupha nesikhombisa kwamalunga asePhalamende azovotela lombiko.

Ecaleni likaMongameli, ithimba elizimele lasungulwa emuva kwelunga lePhalamende, uVuyo Zungula evusa ukungamethembi uMongameli ngenxa yezinsolo zokumbandakanyeka nePhalaphala. Ithimba elizimele, lalihholwa ijaji lenkantolo yomthetho sisekelo eselathatha umhlalaphansi uSandile Ngcobo, amanye amalunga amabili ethimba kwaku-ijaji lenkantolo ephakeme esayathatha umhlalaphansi, uThokozile Masipa kanye no-Advocate Mahlape Sello SC.

Lamalungu, anikezwa izinsuku ezingamashumi amathathu ukuba adingide aphinde aphenye ngaloludaba likaMengameli. Emuva kwezinsuku ezingamashumi amathathu, ithimba elizimele lacela ukwelulelwa isikhathi. Ngomhlaka 30 kuLwezi 2022, umbiko wethimba ezilimele wanikwa usomlomo wePhalamende, uNosiviwe Mapisa-Nqakula.

Ngenkathi umbiko unikezwa usomlomo wephalamende, ijaji lenkantolo yomthetho sisekelo esalathatha umhlala phansi lakhuluma ngemkhawulo yethimba elizimele ekuhlanganiseni umbiko. Ithimba elizimele ligunyazwe iPhalamende ukuba likwazi ukwenza lombiko, ngakho ke, ekwenzeni lombiko, alinawo amandla okwenza ngaphezu kwegunya abanikezwe lona. Ngokomgomo 129G(1)(c)(iv) yomithetho yasePhalamende, ithimba elizimele kumele likhawule uphenyo lwalo libhekane nobufakazi elinikwe bona iPhalamende ngokomgomo.

Alikwazi ukudingida ubufakazi obungekho ngaphambu kwabo noma abangabunikwezwanga amalunga ePhalamende. Ithimba elizimele alikwazi ukweqa imigcele yemigomo yePhalamende kepha, amalunga ePhalamende analo igunya lokuletha ubufakazi kwithimba.

Lemigomo yePhalamende yaba semthethweni emuva kwecala lokugudluza uMongameli wangaphambilini uMnumzane u-J. G Zuma [Economic Freedom Fighters and Others v Speaker of the National Assembly and Another 2018 (2) SA 571 (CC)]. Ecaleni likaMengameli uMatamela Cyril Ramaphosa amanye amalunga ePhalamende anikezwa ithuba lokuletha obunye ulwazi nobufakazi. Emuva kokunikwa lelithuba ubufakazi obalethwa bathunyelwa kuMongameli ukuze azoba nelakhe ithuba lokuphendula njengokulotshwe kwimigomo 129G (1)(c)(ii) and (iii) yePhalamende.

Umbiko wethimba elizimele akusiwona wokuthi uMongameli unecala, kepha owokuthi bukhona yini ubufakazi obanele obukhombisa ukuthi wephule umugomo noma imigomo yesigaba-89 somthethosisekelo. Ingakho ithimba elizimele lagoqa umbiko ngokuthi kungenzeka (“may”) ukuthi uMongameli wephule imigomo yesigaba 89, hhayi ukuthi kunesiqiniseko sokuthi uyephulile lemigomo.

Lombiko awuzange uqokwe amalunga ePhalamende, ngenxa yokuthi wehluleka ukuthola amavoti anele (amaphesenti angamashumi amahlanu nanye – 50% + 1%) njengokusho kwemigomo. Ngenxa yalokho umbiko awuzange ufike kwisigaba sesibili lapho sekuqokwa ikommidi elikhethekile elidingida ukugudluzwa kukaMongameli.

Noma umthethosisekelo ungumthetho oyisesekelo sayo yonke imithetho, nawo uyasebenzisana neminye imithetho ebekiwe ukuze kufezwa izinhloso zawo. Njengoba kubonakele kwicala likaMongameli ukuthi noma isigaba somthethosisekelo-89 sibeka izizathu eziphathekayo ezingagudluza uMengameli esikhundleni, kepha lesosigaba kumele sifundwe kanye nemithetho yePhalamende ukuze kuzotholwa isisombululo.

Leyomikhawulo isemthethweni njengoba umthethosisekelo uyakwazi ukukhawulwa eminye imthetho (law of general application) uma kunesizathu esifanele nesithethelekayo (reasonable and justifiable).