Ameva iSADC ezohlangabezana nawo kolwaseSwatini
UNgubane ungungoti wezindaba ezimayelana ne-Afrika nezokubusa.
Kumele inconywe iSouthern African Development Community (SADC) ngesenzo sayo saleli sonto, nesiyinto engavamile, sokuthathela phezulu isimo sezepolitiki esithinta enye yamalungu alo. ISADC lokhu ikubonakalise ngokuthi kungakapheli zinsuku isimo sisashubile eSwatini ijube ithimba loNgqongqoshe abathathu okunguNkk uNaledi Pandor waseNingizimu Afrika, uMnu uLemogang Kwape waseBotswana kanye noMnu uFrederick Shava waseZimbabwe nabaqokwe ngenxa yezikhundla ezengamelwe amazwe abo ezihlakeni zeSADC ikakhulukazi lezo ezibhekene nezokuthula nokuphepha kulesi sifunda.
Lesi sinyathelo siyancomeka ngoba ebesekuyinjwayelo kulesi sifundazwe wukuthi iSADC idonse izinyawo njengoba yenza odabeni lwaseCabo Delgado eMozambique – noma ithule du – njengoba yenza eZimbabwe nyakenye – ezindabeni zezombusazwe kuma lungu alo.
Uma sibuyekeza lokuhambela kweSADC eSwatini, kuthathu esingakuphawula nokumele kuthathwe ‘njengameva’ okuzomele le Nhlangano ilokhu iwabangula noma izame ukuthi iwagweme kulolu hambo lokulekelela amaqembu ehlukene noHulumeni ukuthola isisombululo esakhayo kulokhu ababhekene nakho.
Okokuqala wukuthi leli thimba leSADC liyifunde ivaliwe eyokuthi isiqalo sendlela yokwakha ukuthula nokubuyisana lapho kukhona ukuphambana kwemibono kwabezepolitiki nakwezepolitiki kunoma yiliphi izwe ‘sinameva’, ngakho kumele ucophelele uphinde ube nesineke. Lokhu kuyifunda ivaliwe kwaleli thimba kubonakale ngokuthi liphethe lolu hambo lwalo ngokuzibophezela ukuthi lizophinde libuye eSwatini.
Lesi sibophezelo senziwe emveni kokuhlangana nembibizane lapho abanye abazibona bethinteka ngesimo sezepolitiki esibucayi eSwatini bekhale ngokuthi, futhi baligxeka baphindelela leli thimba, ngokungaxhumani nabo, noma ukungabanikezi isikhathi esanele ukubeka owabo umbono ngokwenzekayo ezweni. Isibonelo, umholi welinye lamaqembu aphikisayo People’s United Democratic Movement (Pudemo), uMnu uMakhanya ukhale ngokuthi leli thimba lichithe eside isikhathi lihlangene nabamele uHulumeni, kanye nezinhlangano ezicheme noHulumeni, kunokuba lizinike ithuba lokuthi lizwe uvo ngokulingana kuwo wonke othi unezwi ngokwenzekayo ezweni.
Okwesibili, kunezizathu ezenza ukuthi iSADC ilindele ukugxekwa ngokuhambela kwayo eSwatini nobekungaqhamuka kuHulumeni uqobo noma kwezinye izinhlaka nezinhlangano ezweni njengoba kwenzekile.
Esinye salezizathu ukuthi iSADC ifike eSwatini ngesikhathi labo abazibona bethinteka ngokwenzekayo besabambene ngezihluthu impela nokubenza bathathe imizamo yabaqhamuka ngaphandle ngeqonde ‘ukubadida’ endleleni abayihambayo noma ukubaguqula umqondo ngokuthi isiphetho kumele kube yini.
Njengamanje ESwatini, uHulumeni uzibona enawo amandla okunqoda le mibhikisho ekhona ngaphandle kokuthi ugobe uphondo ngeziphakamiso nezikhalazo ezikhona; ngakolunye uhlangothi, abaholi bababhikishi babona besethubeni lokuyidudula ize ifinyelele kwizinguquko abafisa ukuzibona. Ngakho ke isibophezelo sokuthi yophinde ibuye kumele isifeze ngelokuthi mhlazane ibuya akhona amathuba okuthi abanye babaholi namaqembu asabhekene ngamehlo namuhla bobe sebebona ukuthi angeke izinto zihambe ngendlela abafisa ngayo kuphela.
Okwesithathu, leli thimba leSADC lizozithola lisengcindezini yokuthi iphumele eshashalazini ngeyokungaphathwa kahle kwamalungelo ezakhamuzi eSwatini. Le ngcindezi nezoqhamuka ngaphakathi eSwatini kumaqembu nezinhlangano eziphikisayo, izophidne igcizelelwe yizinhlango ezahlukene kwisifunda se-Afrika eseNiningizimu. Kukhulunywa nje, iyasabalala imibiko kwezamaphephandaba okuthiwa iveza ububi obenziwa amaphoyisa nezinhlaka zokuphepha eSwatini, nedala bese iqinisa ingcindezi kuSADC yokuthi ithule ithini kube konakala.
Le ngcindezi ingezinye ezivame ukubeka engcupheni imizamo enjengalena ngoba, uma isheshe yaphawula iSADC ingazithola isinqubuzana noHulumeni waseSwatini, kepha uma ithatha isikhathi bakhona abazothi vele icheme no Hulumeni njengoba kwenzeka kwamanye amazwe kulesifundazwe. Kwindcindezi efana nalesi isikhathi siyikho konke okusho ukuthi leli thimba leSADC, komele lizilungiselele ngobuciko ukuthi lingabhekana kanjani nayo nangendlela engeke ishabalalise amathuba okuthi iqhubeke nokuba yingxenye yokuthola isisombululo kweyaseSwatini.
Kulokhu, enye yezinto iSADC engaqoka ukuzenza ukubambisana ne-African Commission on Human and Peoples Rights (ACHPR) neyake yahambela eSwatini ngowezi 2016 nalapho yaqhamuka nezincomo ezithize mayelana neyokuphathwa kwamalungelo ezakhamuzi, okuthi uma kubhekwa isimo sezepolitiki namuhla kutholakale ukuthi ezinye zalezozincomo zisabalulekile eSwatini.
Noma le ndlela inameva adlulele nakulawa abaliwe, okubalulekile nokumele kwenziwe ukugqugquzela iSADC ukuthi iqhubeke yenze njalo, ingagcini kuphela eSwatini kodwa nakwezinye izimo ezikhona, nezisazovela kwamanye amazwe, iphuthume nokuthi ingenelele. Lokhu kuyisiza ekutheni ibalwe njengeNhlangano ‘ehola’ isifundazwe kunokuba igxekwe ngokuthi isonga izandla ngisho isimo siyiphoqa ukuthi isukume.