Simangazile isicelo sokuthuthwa kwe-AFRICOM iyiswe e-USA
Lesi sikhathi sonyaka – ikakhulukazi lena ephezulu uNhlaba – samiselwa ukubungaza ukusungulwa kwe-Organisation of African Unity (OAU) – esibizwa nge-African Union (AU) namuhla – okuyiNhlangano eyasungulwa mhla zingama-25 ngowe-1963 ukuba yisihlangu neklwa lama-Afrika kwezobudlelwane namanye amazwe.
Ngalesi sikhathi sekwaba yinjwayelo ukuthi, unyaka nonyaka, le migubho ingagxili kuphela ekubungazeni ukusungulwa kwale Nhlangano kepha ibuyekeze ngokuthile okwenzekayo ezwenikazi, nokwenziwa abaholi – ikakhulukazi abezepolitiki – ukumela ngobuqotho eyokwakha ubunye, ukuthula, nentuthuko ezwenikazi.
Yilokhu kugxila ezenzweni zabaholi bezepolitiki okumele kusenze sizibuze ukuthi, buholi buni izwekazi elinabo ngalesi sikhathi samanje, futhi yingabe ubuholi obukwaziyo yini ukubhekana ngqo nangendlela eneqiniso nezingqinamba ezikhona e-Afrika yonkana nangendlela ekhombisa ukuthi intshisekelo yokwakha ubunye yiyo ehlezi iwumkhombandlela wezinqumo abazithathayo?
Lokhu sikubuza ngoba, njengoba kubungazwa ubunye be-Afrika kuNhlaba, ziningi izingqinamba ezibhekene nezwekazi ezidala ukuthi kubonakale engathithi i-Afrika yeswele abaholi abanogqozi lokuqinisa imbumba njengoba kwenza abangaphambili.
I-OAU yasungulwa yizigomagoma okungabalwa kuzo uNkwame Nkrumah waseGhana, uLeopold Senghor waseSenegal, uJulius Nyerere waseTanzania, uHaile Selaise wase-Ethiopia, kanye noGamal Nasser wase-Egypt. Akukho soka lingenasici, ngakho-ke, noma zikhona izigameko lapho laba baholi baphambuka khona, kepha okungeke kuphikiswe izinyathelo eziningi ezikhombisa ukumela kwabo intshisekelo ye-Afrika ebumbene, ubunye phakathi kwamazwe ahlukene, nokuba yizihlangu ezavikela inkululeko yamazwe ngokwehlukana kwawo ezwenikazi.
Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, i-Afrika yazishaya isifuba ngezinyathelo ezathathwa ngabaholi abanjengoMbeki waseNingizimu Afrika, u-Obasanjo waseNigeria, uBouteflika wase-Algeria, kanye noZenawi wase-Ethiopia, zokuguqula i-OAU yaba i-AU, zokubambana ngezandla uma kubhekenwe nezimo ezithize e-Afrika ikakhulukazi ezokwakha ukuthula, nokuqinisa amathuba okuthi izwekazi likwazi ukukhuluma ngazwi linye kuzimo zezepolitiki e-Afrika nasemhlabeni jikelele ezahlukene. Kepha namuhla kuningi okwenzekayo noma okungenzeki okusiphoqa ukuthi sithi sengathi itshe ligaya ngomunye umhlathi kubaholi abakhona namuhla ngoba abahambi ezinyathelweni ngoba ebakhombi abangaphambili. Nazi izibonelo esingazibeka esinesiqiniseko sokuthi ukube kusekhona laba asebebaliwe ngabe asikhonondi kangaka.
Ngowezi-2007, i-AU yakhuluma ngazwi linye yathi uhlelo lwezempi nezokuphepha olwasungulwa yi- United States of America (USA) olubizwa nge-Africa Command (AFRICOM) angeke iluvumele ukuthi lunzinze e-Afrika. Lesi sinqumo – nesisawumgomo omisiwe we-AU – saphoqa i-USA ukuthi isizinda sabadidiyeli balolu hlelo i-AFRICOM sibe seGermany. Kepha mhla wama-27 kuMbasa nonyaka uMengameli waseNigeria uMnu uBuhari ushiye abaningi bekhexe imilomo emveni kokufaka isicelo kwelase-USA ukuthi i-AFRICOM kumele izinze ezwenikazi ukuze i-USA ikwazi ukusiza kalula amazwe ase-Afrika ikakhulukazi lawo abhekene nezokuphepha nezimpi zombango. Kusho ukuthini ukuthi uMengameli ohola elinye lamazwe abalulekile e-Afrika adalulele isinqumo esiphambene naleso asathathwa abaholi bonkana? Eminye yemibuzo evelayo ngeyokuthi, ngaphambi kokuba enze lesi sicelo ku-USA, kungabe bakhona yini abanye abaholi base-Afrika okaBuhari ake afakana nabo imilomo ngaso, uma bekhona, itheni impendulo? Uma kuwukuthi yisicelo asenze ngaphambi kokuba noma ngaphandle kokuthi abonisane nabanye abaholi, kungabe bakhona yini abazomkhuza ngalokhu asekwenzile, bese beyamkhumbuza ngomgomo omisiwe we-AU?
Sekuphele iminyaka emihlanu kwaqubuka impi eCabo Delgado eMozambique, kepha kukhulunywa nje, akukho nokukodwa okubambhekayo nokwaziwayo osekwenziwe amazwe ase-Afrika ukuze kuguqulwe lesi simo ezimazonzo kuleli zwe. Emasontweni evile kwamane edlule, iSouthern African Development Community (SADC) yathembisa ukuthatha izinyathelo ezinqala ngokwenzeka eCabo Delgado kepha kube yinamuhla kusalindwe ukuthi izoqhamuka naliphi. Impi yombango eTigray, neyadalwa nguNdunankulu wase-Ethiopia uMnu u-Abiy, kuze kube namuhla, ayikafakelwa mehlo yi-AU. Angeke iphathwe eyaseCameroon, nalapho impi yombango eyaqala cishe eminyakeni amihlanu eyedlule nesaqhubeka phakathi kukaHulumeni wezwe kanye namaqembu ahlose ukusungula izwe elizimele, ngoba nayo ingakaze yabekwa ngokugcwele ezithebeni ze-AU.
Izimo ezifana nalezi esezibaliwe zazingeke zibukelwe kude ngale ndlela ngabaholi bangaphambili ezwenikazi. Zingezinye zezigameko zakamuva ezenza ama-Afrika azithole ewumhlambi kazalusile, nezigcizelela ukuthi ezenza izwekazi leswele abaholi abanentshisekelo yokuhamba ezinyathelweni zabaphambili.