Kusinda kwehlela kubaholi bezitshudeni emanyuvesi
Lokhu kubonakala ngeziteleka eseziqalile eGoli okungangabazeki ukuthi zizokwenabela nakwezinye izifundazwe
Selokhu ngaqala ukusebenza nabaholi bezitshudeni emanyuvesi kanye nezinhlangano ezicija abaholi ngamakhono kuningi okwakuke kwenzeke ngize ngizibuze ukuthi empeleni uMkhandlu Omele Abafundi (SRC) waqalwa nini futhi inhloso yawo kwakuyini? Ngangizibuza le mibuzo ukuze ngikwazi ukubona ukuthi ingabe abaholi abakuSRC ikakhulukazi eNingizimu Afrika basahamba ngayo yini inhloso eyasungulelwa iSRC noma sebethe ukuphambuka. Kuningi okushiwoyo ngendlela okwasungulwa ngayo iSRC kodwa okucacile ukuthi iSRC yaqala ngeminyaka ye-1884 eNyuvesi yase-Edinburg kodwa umthetho ogunyaza ukusebenza kweSRC uze washaywa ngowe-1889 nowawaziwa ngokuthi i-Universities (Scotland) Act 1889. Inhloso yokusungulwa kweSRC kwakuwuthi bamele abafundi emazingeni okuphatha izikhungo ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngezindaba ezithinta inhlalakahle yabafundi, ukufunda nokufundisa kanye nokuhlela imicimbi yokwamukela abafundi abasha ezikhungweni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi izikhungo eziningi ngokubambisana namaSRC kwethulwa uhlelo lwemali ezobhekana nezidingo zeSRC kanye nezemidlalo.
Kanti kuleli likaPhunga noMageba, isigatshana somthetho iHigher Education Act 101 we-1997 olawula ukusebenza kwezikhungo zemfundo uphoqa izikhungo ukuthi zibe nobuholi obumele izitshudeni cishe kuwo wonke amazinga okuphatha nokuthathwa kwezinqumo. Okokuqala, lo mthetho muhle kakhulu futhi awuphambani nezinto iSRC eyasungulelwa zona. Okwesibili, uyasiza ekuphathweni ngendlela efanele kwezikhungo. Inkinga esivela manje ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo lapho khona izwe livaliwe ngenxa yomkhuhlane ukhuvethe abanye babaholi kufana nokuthi bavalwe imilomo. Laba abazibona bevalwe imilomo ingenxa yokuthi izinqumo zokuvala izikhungo, ukuhlela kabusha unyaka nezikhathi zokufunda kanye nokunyuswa kwemali kwenziwa abafundi nabaholi besemakhaya. Uyazibuza-ke ukuthi abaholi bawuthola kubani pho umhlahlandlela, imihlangano ewukhukhulela ngoqo bayibiza nini futhi kanjani? Eminye imithethosisekelo yemikhandlu yabafundi iphoqa ukuthi iSRC kumele ibize umhlangano owukhukhulela ngoqo mhlawumbe kathathu ngonyaka. Angisho ukuthi izikhungo kumele ziphambane nemithetho yezwe kodwa ngidweba isithombe sengwadla abaholi bezitshudeni ababhekene nayo. Ingakho iziteleka seziqalile emanyuvesi aseGoli futhi angingabazi ukuthi nakwezinye izifunda nezifundazwe lukhulu luyeza luyanyelela.
Nakuba kubuhlungu kakhulu ukuthi kunabantu bakithi abalahlekelwe impilo yabo ngenxa yokhuvethe futhi ngiyazwelana kakhulu nemindeni yonke ethintekile, kodwa emkhakheni wezemfundo kukhona izinto ezinhle ezenzekile. Abafundi abaningi emanyuvesi bakwazile ukubamba iqhaza ezinkundleni zokubonisana besebenzisa i-inthanethi, izikhungo ezisemakhaya seziyakwazi ukubhalisa abafundi besemakhaya izivivinyo abanye baze bavotela ngisho imikhandlu yabafundi ngayo njalo i-inthanethi ngonyaka odlule wezi-2020. Uguquko akuyona into emnandi zikhathi zonke kodwa uma isikhathi soguquko sesifikile akube kusaba bikho ukujikela emuva kwendlu. Kwezinye izikhungo akusikho ukuthi abaholi bayavumelana nokuthi kuvotwe nge-inthanethi kodwa ngenxa yomkhuhlane bazizwe bevalelwe ekhoneni nobubaphoqa ukuthi bangalubhadi ezikhungweni. Imikhandlu ebivele iphethe ngonyaka odlule angikholwa ukuthi bebenakho ukuzikhethela mayelana nokuthi bavotelwa ngephepha noma bazokhishwa nge-inthanethi kodwa bebephoqwa isimo sezwe ukuthi bavume ngisho bengafuni. Lokhu kwenzeka nje abaholi babafundi bathenekile ngoba bekungekho ukuthi uma ungavumelani nabaphathi uzobiza isiteleka, lutho.
Ngesikhathi i-University of Zululand ihlongoza ukuvotisa nge-inthanethi eminyakeni embalwa edlule ngabe sengithunywa emanyuvesi amabili ayesevele evotisa nge-inthanethi nokuyi-University of Pretoria kanye ne-University of the Witwatersrand ukuyothekela ulwazi mayelana nale ndlela yokuvota. La manyuvesi amabili aseminyaka eminingana aluqala lolu hlelo lokuvotisa nge-inthanethi kodwa amanyuvesi afana neRhodes University kanye neZululand wona abeluqala lolu hlelo lokuvota ngale ndlela entsha ngonyaka odlule. Ukhetho lwaseRhodes lwahamba kahle kakhulu ngoba kumanje banawo umkhandlu wabafundi owakhethwa kusetshenziswa i-inthanethi. Njengoba ukhetho lwaba impumelelo eRhodes ukhona umkhandlu oholwa uNkosazana uKatlego Mphahlele oneminyaka engamashumi amabili nantathu nofundela iziqu zeMaster’s emkhakheni wePharmacy. Ngakolunye uhlangothi ukhetho lwaseZululand aluhambanga kahle njengoba lwagcina lumisiwe ngoba kuthiwa kwaba khona isandla esinoboya nokumanje sisaphenywa. Lesi sandla esinoboya kuthiwa sadala ukuthi kuphume imiphumela yokhetho engavezi ubunjalo bezimvo zabafundi. Umkhandlu owengamele le nyuvesi noholwa uNkosazana uNomarashiya Caluza njengoSihlalo wakuvuma zili-10 kuZibandlela wezi-2020 ukuthi kukhona okunuka santungwana ngemiphumela yokhetho lomkhandlu wabafundi. Ngaleyo ndlela base benquma ukuthi laba ababekade bevele bebambile emkhandlwini wabafundi oholwa uMnu uNdumiso Ntshangase baqhubeke nokuba umkhandlu wabafundi wesikhashana ihlandla lesibili.
IDurban University of Technology (DUT) nakuyo kuvotwe ngalo uhlelo lwe-inthanethi. Into enhle eyenzeke eDUT kube ukuthi inyuvesi ngezikhathi zokukhankasela ukhetho ivule inkundla lapho khona bonke abangenele ukhetho befake khona amavidiyo emihlahlandlela yabo. Ngokwenza njalo akekho umfundi obengathi akabazi abangenele ukhetho ukuthi bangobani futhi bazozenzelani izitshudeni. Nakhona ukhetho lwahamba kahle futhi lwathela nezithelo ngoba ukhona umkhandlu oholwa uMnu uZabelo Ntuli njengoMengameli.
Emveni kokuthi sebekhethiwe abaholi bathwele kanzima ezikhungweni eziningi ezingakavuli ngokuphelele ngoba izinkulungwane zabafundi ezidabuka ezindaweni zasemakhaya zethembe bona ngezinto eziningi. Kulezi zinto eziningi ngingabala kuzo ukungabinayo inkece yokubhalisa, kanye neyokukhokha izikweletu zanyakenye. Abanye babafundi bake babe nezinkinga zokuthi abazali basebenzela uHulumeni nokubenza bangakwazi ukuthola imali esikhwameni seNSFAS. Lezi izinkinga okungelula ukuzilungisa ngocingo kodwa ziyaye zidinge ukuthi umuntu engathi angazifikela mathupha esikhungweni. Okwethuse kakhulu mhla zili-10 kuNdasa wezi-2021 ukubona kubulawa ngesihluku uMnu uMthokozisi Ntumba okubikwa ukuthi ubeziphumela emtholampilo amaphoyisa amthela othulini ngenganono ekubeni engafundi eWits ebitelekile. Okuxakayo kakhulu ukuthi uMnyango Wezemfundo Ephakeme oholwa nguDkt uBlade Nzimande utshele i-UNISA ukuthi yehlise isibalo sabafundi kodwa uNobhala Jikelele we-ANC, uMnu u-Ace Magashule, uwuphikisile lo mbono ngesikhathi ekhuluma nabafundi baseWits. Uyacabanga-ke ukuthi uma kungavumelani uHulumeni neqembu elibusayo abaholi babafundi bazoqalaphi nje ukubamba izingxoxo ezizoba impumelelo nabaphathi, kusinda kwehlela.
Ngiyacabanga nje ukuthi kube nzima kakhulu kubaholi ukuthi abafundi baduve emakhaya unyaka wonke odlule lapho akukho ngisho imitapo yolwazi, ukuphakelwa kwamanzi kuyamfimfa, imibhoshongo yomakhalekhukhwini ayidonsi kahle, ubugebengu nobubha budlangile kodwa futhi balindendeleke ukuthi baphumelele ezifundweni zabo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi umntwana wase-Afrika ngisho izimo zinzima kodwa uzabalaza aze aphumelele. Ngalawo mazwi ngithi ngikuqonda kahle ukuthi lezi zinkinga ezingenhla ngisho ngabe kukhethwe bani emkhandlwini wabafundi kodwa lezi zinqinamba zingaphezulu kwanoma imuphi umkhandlu wabafundi okhethiwe.
Into engingathanda ukuyincoma nje ngalezi zinsuku ezinzima kangaka ukuthi isimo somkhuhlane esisibekele umhlaba sesisize kakhulu ekutheni abaholi babafundi banake into okufanele ngabe bahleli beyinakile okuwukufunda nokufundisa, ucwaningo nenhlalakahle yabafundi. Iyona into lena okufanele ngabe imikhandlu yabafundi ayikaze ingayinaki ngoba iSRC yasungulelwa ukubhekana nezidingo zabafundi. Kula malanga akekho umholi omuzwa ebeka eqhulwini izinto zokunandisa ezifana namabheshi. Iningi labaholi ulizwa likhuluma ngokuthi abafundi bafuna ukubuyela ezikhungweni, ukubhalisa noma bekweleta, bafuna ukubonelelwa ngedatha namaLaptop ukuze bakwazi ukubhala kahle izivivinyo nokubhalisela unyaka omusha wokufunda. Kade kwakungiphethe kabi ukuthi abaholi babafundi uma bebona imali bafisa ukuthi idliwe bume futhi ichithwe ezintweni ezingadingeki kangako njengakho ukunandisa. Impilo yokuba umfundi ngiyayazi ingakho ukunandisa ngingakugxeki kakhulu. Engikushoyo ukuthi izinhlelo zokuthokozisa zinaso isidingo kodwa mazingadli imali eningi ebingasetshenziswa ekufukuleni amanye amakhono kubafundi.