Badlala ngegeja kuziliwe abaholi baseDemocratic Republic of Congo



UNgubane ungungoti wezindaba ezimayelana ne-Afrika nezokubusa.
Lo nyaka kanye nenyanga esikukho kubaluleke kakhulu emlandweni weDemocratic Republic of Congo (DRC) ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili. Esokuqala, eminyakeni engama-60 edlule, iDRC nezwekazi lonkana balahlekelwa ngenye yezingwazi eyayikhombisa intshisekelo eyisimanga yokwakha izwe elizimele geqe ne-Afrika enobunye, uMnu uPatrice Émery Lumumba.
Ngesihluku esisanyantisa igazi nanamuhla, uLumumba – owayeneminyaka engama-36 – wabulawa ngabokufika mhla zili-17 kuMasingana, ‘ethweswe icala’ lokuthi wayefisa izwe lakhe – nalapho ayeseqokwe ukuba uNdunankulu – libe ngelikhululekile ngokugcwele, liphinde lisebenzise umnotho walo ukuthuthukisa impilo yezakhamuzi nabendabuko eDRC, kunokuba kulokhu kwadla izifiki.
Kepha, kunokuba abaholi abaphethe izwe namuhla eDRC basebenzise le minyaka nokukhunjulwa kwale ngwazi ukuze kuvuseleleke lokho eyakufela, balibele ukukhombana ngeminwe embangweni wezepolitiki owaqubuka ngonyaka owedlule, phakathi kukaHulumeni oholwa uMengameli uFelix Tshisekedi kanye neqembu eliholwa yilowo owayenguMengameli ngaphambili, uMnu uKabila.
Kuzokhunjulwa ukuthi uTshisekedi nongumholi weqembu iCap pour le changement (CACH), waphumelela ukhetho lukaMengameli mhla zingama-25 kuMasingana wezi-2019, nalapho enza isinqumo sokuthi iqembu aliholayo lizibandakanye neCommon Front for Congo (FCC), eholwa yilowo owabe enguMengameli uKabila.
Lesi sinqumo wasithatha ngoba imiphumela yokhetho yaveza ukuthi, noma uTshisekedi waphumelela ukuba nguMengameli, iqembu eladla umhlanganiso okhethweni lwamalungu ePhalamende kwaba yiFCC. Kungakapholi maseko kwacaca ukuthi lo mfelandawonye awakhiwanga ngoba la maqembu omabili, kanye nabaholi bawo, ikakhulukazi uTshisekedi noKabila, babenezinjongo ezihambisanayo.
Lokhu kwaqinisekiswa mhla ziyisi-6 kuZibandlela nyakenye lapho uMengameli uTshisekedi watshela izwe ukuthi emveni kwezingxoxo phakathi kwakhe neFCC, kucacile kuye ukuthi “lo mfelandawonye angeke uye ndawo”, waphinde wakhala ezimathonsi ngokuthi “lo Hulumeni wobumbano weFCC-Cach wehlulekile ukumeseka ngendlela ezokwenza ukuthi akwazi ukufeza izethembiso ayezenzile mhlazane esakhankasela isikhundla”.
Ngaleyo ndlela wabe esedalula ukuthi useqoke ukuyishiya iFCC ayoshela amanye amaqembu azobamba nawo izintambo zombuso. Yikho kukhulunywa nje, uTshisekedi usabamba izingxoxo nabanye abaholi bamaqembu ezepolitiki eDRC abanjengoMoïse Katumbi oyimbangi enkulu kaKabila nowayekhale ngokuthi nguye owaphumelela ukhetho lowezi-2019 kanye noJean-Pierre Bemba ongumholi weqembu iMovement for the Liberation of Congo elake lavukela umbuso ngaphambili ngenhloso yokwakha isivumelwano esizodala umfelandawonye omusha nongafaki iFCC.
Ngakolwakhe uhlangothi uKabila akazibekile phansi, ngoba naye wakha itulo lokunxenxa amanye amaqembu ukuba angameseki uTshisekedi emizamweni yakhe, nokwakha omunye umfelandowonye weFCC ongafaki iCach.
Lo mqhudelwano okhona kubaholi bezepolitiki wenze ukuthi umhla we-17 nokuwusuku olubalulekile emlandweni waleli lizwe kanye nezwekazi ungabi nedumela obekumele ube nalo. Noma uMengameli uTshisekedi eyenzile inkulumo yokubonga lesi sigomagoma uLumumba, isizotha nesingqi ngokwenzeka ngowe-1961 sikhungathwe yile ngxabano ekhona kwezepolitiki ezweni.
Lesi simo esikhona namhlanje sombango wezepolitiki eDRC singacishe siqhathaniswe nesowe-1961 ngesikhathi sikaLumumba nalapho kwakunezibudedube kubangwa izikhundla nabaholi abanjengoMoise Tshombe. Emveni kweminyaka engama-60 uLumumba abulawa abaholi bezepolitiki eDRC bebengasebenzisa le nyanga ukuqinisa imikhankaso yokubeka icala amazwe abandakelwayo ekusocongweni kukaLumumba.
Baphinde bagcizelele ukubaluleka kokuthi izicubu zomzimba wakhe okuthiwa zikwamanye amazwe, zibuyiselwe eDRC ukuze uLumumba athole ukuphumula ezweni alifela.
Isizathu sesibili esenza lo nyaka ubaluleke kwelaseDRC ukuthi yilo okumele lingene ezicathulweni zeNingizimu Afrika ekubeni wuSihlalo we-African Union (AU) kusukela ngenyanga ezayo emveni kwengqungquthela yonyaka yale nhlangano. Ngokwenjwayelo, izwe elithatha isihlalo se-AU livame ukuthi, ngaphambi kokuba lingene esikhundleni, lidalule izinhlelo elizozigqamisa ngesikhathi lisesihlalweni nokuthi lizobambisana kanjani namanye amazwe ase-Afrika ukuze zifezeke. Ngeshwa, kuze kube manje iDRC ibingabeki okuzwakalayo ezithebeni ngezinhlelo zayo, ngaphandle kokukhuluma ipolitiki ejwayelelike yokuthi izoqhubeka ezinyathelweni zabangaphambili.
Inkinga ukuthi, izwekazi lizithola libhekene nezingqinamba eziningi ikakhulukazi izimpi zombango ezikhona emazweni ahlukene, phezu kwalokho, kusakhona lesi siqhwaga ukhuvethe okumele kubhekwane naso ngokucophelela nonyaka.
Kuwo lo nyaka kulindeleke ukuthi kubanjwe izingqungquthela ezimbili ezahlukene, phakathi kwe-Afrika kanye neChina iForum on China-Africa Relations (FOCAC) bese kuba eye-AU ne-European Union (EU).
Lezi zingqungquthela ngezibalulekile ngoba zibanjwa ngesikhathi lapho amazwe amaningi, eNyakatho nase-Afrika, ebhekene nesimo somnotho esibucayi nesikhomba ukuthi eyokuvuselela ezomnotho nowhebo ibaluleke impela.
Kuzophinde kubanjwe ingqungquthela ephezulu kulo nyaka ephathelene nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, nokuyinto ebalulekile ezwenikazi ngenxa yezinkinga ezidalwa yilezi zimo ezifana nesomiso, iziphepho nezikhonyane emazweni ahlukene e-Afrika.
Yonke le mihlangano nezingxoxo ezizobakhona nonyaka zidinga ukuba izwe elihola i-AU likwazi ukuyididiyela eye-Afrika ukuze izwi layo nezikhalo enazo zizwakale kule mihlangano. Leli joka lokudidiyela nokugqugquzela ukuthi izwekazi likhulume ngazwi linye, kuvamile ukuthi lingafezeki uma izwe eliwusihlalo lithikanyezwa yizinkinga elibhekene nazo ekhaya.
Ukube kuyenzeka, bekuzoba ngcono ukuba lesi sihlalo singadluliselwa kuDRC noma kube yiyo efaka isicelo sokuhoxa ukuze ibe nethuba lokubhekana nezinkinga zayo.