Ufuba lungaba yinkomba yesandulelangculaza nokhuvethe

Ziyaqhubeka nokwehla izibalo ezintsha zabatheleleka ngokhuvethe eNingizimu Afrika. Sekubikwa abantu abathelelekile abangaphansi kwe-1 000 ngosuku. NgoLwesibili bebeyizi-673 000 abantu abese bethelelekile baba yizi-16 667 abashonile selokhu ukhuvethe lwaqala.

Njengoba sisajabulela ukwehla kwezibalo zabanokhuvethe nokwehliselwa esigabeni sokuqala, kufanele singakukhohlwa ukuthi basekhona abasatheleleka njengoba ngomhla zingama-29 kuMandulo bebengama-903 okubikwe ukuthi sebengenwe ukhuvethe kwashona abangama-81 emahoreni angama-24. 

Lezi zibalo zisephezulu ikakhulukazi ngoba ukhuvethe isifo esingagwemeka.   Umthwalo ukuthina ukuzivikela kanye nalabo esisondelene nabo. Asiqhubeke sigcine ibanga phakathi kwethu nezinye izindlela zokuzivikela.

Sibone kwamanye amazwe luphinde lugadla ukhuvethe lapho izibalo zabathelelekile zibe phezulu kunangesiwombe sokuqala. 

Njengezakhamuzi zaseNingizimu Afrika, kufanele sifunde kula mazwe futhi senze kangcono kakhulu ukugwema isiwombe sesibili. Asingasifiki singazelele! Siyibonile imiphumela emibi yomzuliswano wokuqala wokhuvethe enhlalweni yabantu, umthelela walo ube mubi kakhulu emnothweni. Asisebenze ndawonye ukugwema ukubuya kwalolu bhubhane isibili.

Isitha empini yokhuvethe

Ukwesaba, isicisicwaso nobubha kuseyizitha ezimbi empini yethu ebhekiswe okhuvetheni. Kunjalo, uma kubukwa ngokwaseNingizimu Afrika, lokhu akusiyo into entsha. Eminyakeni yethu yokulwa nobhubhane ingculaza nezibalo eziphezulu zokutheleleka emhlabeni, bekufanele kusilungiselele ukubhekana nalezi zimo.  

Noma sekukhona okwenziwe ukwehlisa izibalo zokufa kwabantu okuyamaniswa nengculaza, izibalo zisaphezulu uma kubhekwa ukuthi ziyatholakala izindlela zokwelapha kuwonke wonke. Umthelela ocashile weHIV ubonakele ezibalweni zabantu abafa ngenxa yezinkinga zesifo sofuba. Okufanayo phakathi kwesifo sofuba, iHIV nokhuvethe ukuthi zonke zingagwemeka okusho ukuthi ukufa okuyamaniswa nalezi zifo kunganqandeka.

Ukuqonda okuhle ngalezi zifo, okuhlanganisa indlela ezithelelana ngayo nokuthi igciwane liziveza kanjani, kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukwesaba nesinembekezelo okumataniswa nokhuvethe. Ukuhlonyiswa ngolwazi kwenza kwehle ukwesaba kuthina okuholela ekubeni nobubele, isihe nokuzwelana ngendlela esiphatha ngayo labo abatheleleke ngokhuvethe.

Isifundo kukhuvethe ukulwa neHIV nofuba

Ufuba nokhuvethe izifo ezihambisana nokuphefumula okudinga ingqalasizinda nokuguqula indlela yokuziphatha ukufuqa impi yokugwema nokulawula lezi zifo.

Ikakhulukazi, ingculaza idinga ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuziphatha kodwa izinkinga zengqalasizinda nezomphakathi kungaba nesandla ekwenyukeni kwengcuphe yokutheleleka. Ububha nengqalasizinda yezindlu engekho esimweni esihle, udlame lobulili nobudlelwano obunokuhlukumeza kujwayele ukubeka abantu engcupheni yokutheleleka ngeHIV.

Uma umuntu esethelelekile kungaba nengcuphe yokungenwa isifo sofuba agcine engena esibalweni esiphezulu sabantu ababulawa yilesi sifo.    Izindlela zokungenelela ezenzelwe ukhuvethe bekumele zisetshenziswe ukugwema lokhu osekuphenduke umbulali ohamba phambili eNingizimu Afrika – isifo sofuba.

Ukugxila kwezokuhlaliswa kwabantu, ezokuthutha, ukuziphatha kwabantu ukuhlanganisa nokwehlisa ukwesaba nesinembekezelo, ukwehlisa ukubhebhetheka kofuba, bekuzodinga kuphela ukuba kunezelwe okuthile maqondana nokhuvethe. Ukhuvethe njengalo ufuba neHIV, kusifundise imvelo yokwakhekha kwezitho zomzimba okuhlanganisa amaphaphu, inhliziyo, izinso, ingqondo nokuhamba kwegazi okugcina kwehluleka ukusebenza.  

Ukhuvethe luphinde lwasifundisa ngomthelela odalwa yizifo ezingathelelani kwezithelelanayo. Izibalo eziphezulu zabantu ababulawe ukhuvethe zibikwe kubantu abanezifo ezifana noshukela, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, esenhliziyo, esamaphaphu, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile nezinye. Akukho okubi ngokuthi eziningi zalezi zifo ziyalawuleka ngokuzigwema, ukusheshe uzihlonze nokuzilawula. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi lezi zifo ziyazibonisa  futhi kube nemiphumela emibi kulabo abafuna ukuzuza okuthile ekulawuleni iHIV. 

Kuningi okungafundwa okhuvetheni

Sisaqhubekela phambili ngempilo ngalesi sikhathi sokhuvethe, kumele sibheke ukuthi sisibuyisela kanjani isimo kwesijwayelekile sibuka okwenzeke ngesikhathi salolu bhubhane nokuthi sikusebenzisa kanjani esikufundile ukuze kusizuzise.

Kuncane ukungabaza ukuthi imfundo iwukhiye ekuzuzeni impilo engenakho ukwesaba nokubuka umuntu ngendlela yokumcwasa okuzodala uguquko oludingekayo endleleni yokuziphatha. Okunye okubalulekile indlela ehlanganisa imikhakha eyahlukene ukulwa nezimo zomphakathi ezibukela phansi amaqhingasu ayimpumelelo okugwema izifo.

Kubalulekile ukubuyekezwa kokufundwayo kuwo wonke amazinga ezemfundo, kusukela kwaphansi kuya ezikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme,  futhi kumele kubhekiswe ekwakheni amaqhingasu azoqinisa ukuqonda kwethu izifo, ukuzigwema, izinkinga eziba nazo nokufa kwabantu.

Amasu okufundisa umphakathi kumele aqiniswe ukubhekana nezidingo nokukhathazeka kwezakhamuzi. La maqhingasu kufanele afake ukuqonda ngezifo ezingathelelani nokuthi zingagwenywa futhi zilawulwe kanjani ngokuguqula indlela yokuphila neqhaza lazo ekufeni kwabantu ngenxa yokhuvethe.

Lokhu kufundiswa kufanele kuphinde kubheke amasu asetshenziswa ezindaweni zokusebenza ekwenziweni kwezinto ezisemqoka ngesikhathi sokhuvethe. 

Kufanele futhi kubhekwe ukubanjwa kweqhaza kwezokufundisa okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwalabo asebethelelekile. Lokhu akubalulekile kuphela kulabo abadinga ukufundiswa kodwa ukuba kusetshenziswe njengeqhingasu nokulwa nokusabalala kwesifo. 

Kunokwesaba ukuthi asebethelelekile bangangazivezi izimpawu uma lokhu kungama endleleni yokuthola amathuba angashintsha impilo. Ngiyagcizelela, amaqhingasu okufundisa ngokunciphisa ukwesaba nesinembekezelo kungakwehlisa ukucwaswa kwabantu asebethelelekile.

Laba bantu kufanele bafune ukunakekelwa ngaphandle kokwesaba ukukhishwa inyumbazana imindeni yabo okanye imiphakathi yabo. Ukufundisa ngeqhaza lokusebenzisana kwemikhakha eyahlukene kungaveza igebe okufanele livalwe ekuzuzeni impilo enhle njengokuqonda ngezifo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophezulu, ushukela, ukuzimuka ngokweqile nezinye.

Kanjalo, umphumela wokufa kwabantu okujwayelekile noma okuyamaniswa nezifo ezifana neHIV nokhuvethe kuyosiza ukwehlisa ukufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Umthelela wokhuvethe emnothweni kumele ube yisifundo esinzima ekuqiniseni ukwesekwa kweqhingasu lokugwema lesi sifo. Ngeke lisize kuphela ukuzuza impilo enhle kodwa lingahlomulisa nentuthuko yomnotho.

Indlela engaguquki yokuziveza kwesifo nemiphumela yokufa kwabantu ngenxa yezifo ezithelelanayo nezingathelelani kudinga ukuthi kubeke obala ukubaluleka kwendlela edidiyelwe yokulwa nezifo. Le ndlela kufanele igqugquzelwe emkhakheni wezempilo nakwabathintekayo njengoHulumeni wezindawo, owesifundazwe nokazwelonke, izimboni zikaHulumeni nezizimele nomphakathi ngobubanzi bawo.

Akukho ukungabaza ukuthi amaqhingasu nezindlela ezisunguliwe ukulwa nokhuvethe kuyosetshenziswa ngisho lolu bhubhane selwehlile. Kanjalo nokwamukela ubuthaka obuvezwe obala yilesi sifo. Ekuzuzeni impilo engcono nenhlalonhle yabo bonke abantu, ukubhekana nezinselelo ezidalwa ukwesaba, isicisicwaso, ububha nezikhala ekuzibandakanyeni kwemikhakha eyahlukene kungaba nomthelela wesikhathi eside hhayi kuphela ekulawuleni ukhuvethe kodwa nesifo sofuba, iHIV nezinye izifo ezingathelelani njengesenhliziyo namaphaphu. 

Ngalokhu abantu bangaphila isikhathi eside kube nemiphumela emihle entuthukweni yomnotho.

• Olunye ulwazi nguDkt uRosie Mngqibisa