UMkhosi WoMhlanga: Cakulela kwelakho ishungu lolwazi yathiwe

Unyaka wezi-2020  uqopha iminyaka engamashumi amathathu nesikhombisa ISILO savuselela uMkhosi WoMhlanga namuhla osudume umhlaba wonke ngobuhle, isigqi kanjalo nemiyalezo eyakhayo. Akulona ihaba ukuthi cishe KwaZulu-Natal naseNingizimu Afrika kawukho umkhosi wesintu ohanjelwa ngabantu ngobuningi abaqhamuka kuwo wonke amagumbi amane omhlaba njengoMkhosi WoMhlanga.

Lo Mkhosi omkhulukazi kawugcini nje ngokuletha izimpendulo ezinkingeni esibhekene nazo njengesizwe kepha ubamba iqhaza elimqoka ekusixhumaniseni nendulo lethu. Awukwazi ukuxoxa umlando kanjalo nokubaluleka koMkhosi WoMhlanga ungathintanga umlando waseNkabazwe lapho uZulu nabeNguni badabuka khona. Bukhona ubufakazi obuveza ngokusobala ukuthi lo Mkhosi ungomunye wemidala kakhulu kubeNguni nowaqala amaZulu esazinze eNkabazwe yezwekazi i-Afrika. Uke washabalala lo Mkhosi okwesikhashana ngenkathi uMbuso kaZulu unqotshwa ngamaNgisi kodwa waphinde wavuselelwa ngonyaka we-1984 yiSILO esibusayo.

Umhlanga oxhumene nalo Mkhosi ngokomlando wuqalo oluthathwa njengomuthi wokuqala ukumila eNingizimu yezwe laseKhemethi [amaGriki alibiza nge-Egypt] e-Ethiopia. Ngenxa yokuthathwa kwalo njengomuthi wokuqala, kukholelwa ukuthi uqalo wuhlanga lwezwe olwaluhlanganisa iNingizimu neNyakatho yezwe laseKhemethi [Kmt]. Ngolimi lokuqala lwase-Afrika, iMedu Netcher [Mdw Ntr], isiZulu esiyingxenye yalo, lolo qalo yiSwt noma uHlanga Lwezwe. Ukubiza kwethu iNgonyama ngalelo gama kususelwa lapho. Uqalo lwalumile ngase-Ethiopia okwakuyiNingizimu yeKhemethi [Kmt] okulapho kwaqala khona impucuko yomhlaba jikelele eduze komfula iHapi [Nile]; singabala: ukubhala, imethamethiki, ifiziksi, inkolo nokunye, kwagcina kuyisisekelo sempucuko yanamuhla.

Umhlanga okhiwa yizintombi ezingamatshitshi emfuleni umele uqalo, iSwt. Ungukubuthwa kwamatshitshi ngokobuntanga kwazise izintombi zigcina zinikezwe igama lebutho lazo ekupheleni komkhosi. Ukwethulwa komhlanga eNgonyameni kuwuphawu lokugcizelela ukuthathwa kwayo njengoHlanga Lwezwe, nophawu lokuzigqaja ngobuZulu namasiko abesifazane abangabavikeli bawo. Lo mhlanga usikhumbuza ngemvelaphi nokubumbeka kukaZulu njengesizwe eNkabazwe ye-Afrika. UMkhosi woMhlanga akuwona owokubukisa kwamatshitshi ngomzimba kodwa ungumthandazo wokuthi abesifazane abayizimbali zesizwe bahlale benezimilo eziyisibonelo kuZulu, beqotho njalo. Lokhu kuyokwenza amaZulu ahlale enemindeni ehlonishwayo emhlabeni. Ukuze amaZulu ahlale ebumbene iNgonyama yawo eyiSwt kudingeka inakekele ukugcinwa kwawo wonke amasiko esizwe njengoba kuyiyona ewuhlanga lwezwe nezulu eliphezulu.

Umhlanga uphinde usikhumbuze ngokubaluleka kwabantu besifazane okuthi nxa bekhule beziphethe kahle bengenazimilo ezintekenteke, bagcine bakhe imizi abagane kuyo badale nobuhlobo lapho kade bungekho khona. Ngakho-ke uMkhosi WoMhlanga uyisisekelo sendlela ende ephikelele ekugcagceni, emendweni nasebufazini. Umphumela womgcagco wukwakha imindeni nesizwe esiphilile, esizihloniphayo nesihlonishwayo. Umhlanga uwumlando osixhumanisa nempucuko yokuqala e-Afrika okuyindulo lethu. Umhlanga owethulwa esigodlweni saseNyokeni ngokomlando unalowo myalezo. Uma sewethuliwe eNgonyameni ebusayo yizintombi ezingamatshitshi, ubekwa inqwaba esigodlweni kugcine kwakhiwe ngawo izindlu namaguma aKomkhulu.

Minyaka yonke izintombi zikaZulu, ngokwethula umhlanga kOngangezwe Lakhe, ziqopha etsheni ukuthi uZulu kanjalo namasiko akhe ngeke ashabalale ngesazo isikhathi. Izintombi zifakaza ukuthi zona qobo lwazo zikhula ziluphawu lokuzigqaja kukaZulu.

Ukuzilungiselela kwamatshitshi ngoMkhosi WoMhlanga

Amatshitshi afika eMkhosini WoMhlanga eNyokeni esezilungiselele kakhulu. Okokuqala la mantombazane ngasuke esekhulile, eseyile esikhathini noma enyangeni. Yonke imininingwane neziyalo eziqondene nokuya kwawo enyangeni isuke seyenziwe emakhaya lapho esuka khona. Okwesibili, ngamantombazane asuke esefundisiwe ngabadala besifazane – ogogo nonina bawo – ngokuthi kusho ukuthini ukukhula noma ukuya kwawo enyangeni. Kudingeka aziphathe kanjani kusukela kwenzeke lokho. Miphumela mini emihle nemibi engenzeka ngenxa yaleso simo ayesengene kuso.

Ukuhlolwa kwamatshitshi

Ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuya eMkhosini WoMhlanga eKomkhulu amatshitshi ayahlolwa ezifundeni zombuso woBukhosi bakwaZulu asuka kuzo. Lokhu kuwukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi akukho osekwake kwaphazamisa isibaya sendoda nokuthi kungagxambukeli amantombazane angasagcwele avele phambi kweNgonyama. Ukuhlolwa kwezintombi akukaze kube yimpoqo kodwa kuba yintshisekelo nogqozi lwawo amatshitshi ukuba ahlolwe. Kuwukuhamba ezinyathelweni zokhokho bawo amatshitshi nabo bonke abantu besifazane. Abantu besifazane abawahlolayo ngabantu abawuthandayo nabawaziyo umlando, amasiko, nempatho yabesifazane KwaZulu. Okulandela le mininingwane kuba ukuyokha umhlanga ozokwethulwa esigodlweni phambi kweNgonyama ngosuku loMkhosi. Abesifazane abadala kuzo zonke izindawo basuke beqikelele kakhulu ukuthi amatshitshi awabi luvanzi kodwa enza konke ngokuyalelwa nenhlonipho yokuziphatha ngobuqotho. Okwenzekayo kuthathwa njengezifundo ezinzulu zokuqeqesha amatshitshi mayelana nokuziphatha kwabesifazane abakulelo zinga kusukela endulo yamaZulu.

Izifundo sekufikwe eKomkhulu eNyokeni

Ngosuku olubekiwe ngenyanga uNhlangulana noma uNtulikazi, wonke amatshitshi agcina efikile eKomkhulu, eseyinhlanganisela yazo zonke izifunda zombuso woBukhosi bakwaZulu. Kuphinde kunikezwe izifundo zokuziphatha ngobuqotho nezimilo ezinhle kubantu besifazane. Kudala kwakukhonjiswa amantombazane angamatshitshi ukuthi nxa eseqomile esengene ebuqhikizeni kudingeka asome kanjani. Itshitshi lalingasonywa kodwa kusonywa kuphela lelo eseliqomile labongwa layalwa yiqhikiza linesoka lalo ngokuziphatha nxa beya ocansini. 

Kwakuqala lapho ukusoma entombini eseyiqhikiza. Ukusoma kwakungasho ukumekezisa intombazane njengomfazi oganileyo. Ngisho ngabe intombi isiyalotsholwa isiyingoduso, yayingamekeziswa. Esikhathini esiphila kuso esikhungethwe ukubhebhetheka kwesifo sengculaza, izifundo ezinikezwa amatshitshi seziyakugcizelela ukuthi ucansi olungaphephile ukufa uqobo, zikhumbuze amatshitshi ngendlela okhokho bawo ababeziphatha ngayo. Akusagcizelelwa kuphela ingozi yokukhulelwa. Ukunikeza lezi zifundo kwenziwa yibona abesifazane kuze kubandakanye ngisho amakhosikazi angonina bayo iNgonyama.

Kubaluleke ngani ukuthi izintombi ziye eMkhosini WoMhlanga?

Phakathi kwamasiko kaZulu, kunemikhosi egqugquzela inhlonipho nokuziphatha ngokwezigaba zabantu. UMkhosi WoMhlanga ngomunye wemikhosi ebatshazwayo umhlaba wonke ngeqhaza lawo elisemqoka ekukhulisweni kwamantombazane aze afinyelele esigabeni sokukwazi ukuthatha izinqumo ezinqala ngempilo yazo. Yileli qhaza elibanjwa wuMkhosi WoMhlanga elenza leli siko libe undabizekwayo ezweni nasemhlabeni wonkana. Uma ingane izalwa, isuke ingazi ukuthi yini enhle yini embi nezoyiholela ophathe. 

Kungalesi sizathu-ke abadala baKwaZulu baqhamuka nezindlela ezicutshungulwe kahle zokukhulisa izingane zabafana nezamantombazane zize zifinyelele esigabeni sokuthatha isinyathelo sokugana nokuganwa zisaziphethe kahle. Lezi zindlela zaholela ekutheni izintombi nto zithutheleke ngothi lwazo eKomkhulu uma iNgonyama izibizela ukuzokhombisa isizwe nomhlaba wonke ukuthi busaphelele ubuntombi bazo. Lena ngenye yezindlela zokwakha isizwe esiqotho, esihloniphayo nesinesisekelo sempilo yobuntu. Kulesi sikhathi sanamuhla sokushintshashintsha kwezinto nomthelela omkhulu wempilo yabaseNtshonalanga nokudlondlobala kobuchwepheshe, sekulukhuni kubazali ukukhulisa abantwana ngendlela yesintu.

Izinga lokungahloniphi kwabantwana selande kakhulu, zalahlekelwa nawulimi lwazo zasebenzisa olwabezizwe nokwenza bakhohlwe yinhlonipho yakwabo. Njengoba uMkhosi woMhlanga wenziwa minyaka yonke kanye ngonyaka, amagosa ezintombi asuke eziyala, ezikhulisa ezikhombisa nendlela yesintu yokuphila. Ukuya eMkhosini woMhlanga kusuke sekuwukugabisa nje nokukhombisa isizwe nenkosi yazo. Lokhu kukodwa nje kuyayikhuthaza intombi nto ukuthi iqhubeke nokuziphatha kahle ukuze unyaka nonyaka ibone iNgonyama. Intombi ehlolwayo iyakwazi ukuqinisekisa uyise ukuthi uzozithola zonke izinkomo zakhe ziphelele kuhlanganisa nekanina yomqhoyiso. Njengoba uHulumeni nomphakathi bekhala ngokudlondlobala kwezinga lokukhulelwa kwentsha, nobhubhane lwesifo ingculazi negciwane laso lingehli, mancane kakhulu amathuba okuchaphazeleka kwentombi ehlolwayo njengoba yona ingazihlanganisi nemikhuba eholela kulokhu kulingeka. Intombi ehlolwayo ikwazi ukuhamba ikhululeke ngisho naphakathi kwezinsizwa inganqeni ukutshela isesheli ukuthi asizibambe ziqine futhi ilindele ukuzishaya ziphelele.

Ngisho nezinsizwa ziye zibhudle izihlangu zazo zivunule ziyobeka amabili amathathu ezintombini zoMhlanga ngoba zinesiqiniseko sokuthi zizothola izintombi ezinesimilo. Lihle ngalokho leli siko likaZulu ngoba alikugqugquzeli ukuphoxa kodwa lakha ukuzigqaja kwesizwe soPhunga noMageba. Uyothi wabonani wena ntombi eyakhula ingakaze iye eMhlangeni?

Ukufundisana amaculo oMkhosi WoMhlanga

Kunamaculo aculwa ngamatshitshi phambi kweNgonyama yamaZulu. La maculo kuyafundiswana ngawo ukuze nxa sekuphambi kweNgonyama wonke amantombazane akwazi ukuwacula. La maculo aculwayo alula ukuwafunda. Amagama awo aqondene nokuzigqaja ngokuba ngamaZulu neNgonyama yawo. Kuba khona oqalayo ocula abe yedwa abanye belalele bese bevuma njalo besho into eyodwa. Lokhu kwenza ukuba amaculo amaZulu afundeke kalula ngisho kumuntu oqalayo ukuwezwa. Ngokulandela inhlonipho yamaZulu, ngamatshitshi angabaNtwana baseNdlunkulu ema emgqeni ophambili nxa sekuculwa phambi kweNgonyama kulandelwanwe emigqeni ngokwamazinga. Amatshitshi awagqoki lutho ezinqeni kodwa kuba yizigege, onomndindi nezingcubula, okukhombisa ukuzigqaja kwawo ngemizimba yawo. Amabele awembozwa ngalutho ngoba lokho kwakungelona isiko lamaZulu. Emakhanda amatshitshi azicwala ngobunono izinwele amanye ashaye impithi namagoda okuyizindlela okwakuqhinwa ngazo sisazinze eNkabazwe ye-Afrika. Ezinyaweni akugqokwa lutho.

Amabutho asingethe iNgonyama

Noma uMkhosi WoMhlanga kwaziwa ukuthi uqondene nabantu besifazane, aba khona amabutho ambalwa abesilisa akhapha iNgonyama uma isiya enkundleni lapho amatshitshi ezogubha khona uMkhosi WoMhlanga phambi kwayo. Wonke amaZulu esilisa azokwethamela uMkhosi WoMhlanga kudingeka avunule ngemvunulo yesintu kwazise nayo iNgonyama isuke ivunule iphelele. Ngakho-ke amabutho aphatha izihlangu zawo, amawisa nezinduku angene neNgonyama enkundleni kuhutshwa amahubo akwaZulu. Ngenxa yokubaluleka koMkhosi WoMhlanga esizweni samaZulu, akudingekile izivakashi eziphuma emazweni aphesheya naseNingizimu Afrika, zilulaze uMkhosi ngokungena emigqeni yezintombi ezigubhayo zithathe izithombe ngendlela engahlelekile. Lokhu kuyabaphazamisa abagubhayo kululaze nawo uMkhosi woMhlanga kuwenze kube sengathi uyithuba lokwenza amafilimu, hhayi ukwakha isizwe. 

Enkulumweni yayo iNgonyama iye income ukuziphatha ngobuqotho kwezintombi zakwaZulu nokwazisa imvelaphi nokuhlonipheka kwesizwe samaZulu. Ngenxa yempi yesifo sengculaza esesibulele abantu abaningi, iSilo SamaBandla Onke sesiye sigcizelele kakhulu ekutheni ukuziphatha ngobuqotho kwezintombi eziyizimbali zesizwe kungasiza ukwelekelela ekunciphiseni ukufa kwabantu okudalwa yingculaza. Ngale nkulumo iNgonyama isuke ingaqondile ukubukela phansi eminye imizamo yokulwa nalesi sifo.

Ukuqanjwa kwegama lebutho

Zonke izintombi ezigubhe uMkhosi WoMhlanga phambi kweNgonyama, kwakuthi uma usuphethwa uMkhosi, iNgonyama iqambe igama lalelo butho lezintombi. Ngakho-ke kusukela endulo izintombi zazibuthwa ngobuntanga njengawo amabhungu nawo ayenikezwa igama lebutho lawo ngemuva koMkhosi Wokweshwama owawenzelwa khona koMkhulu. 

Yingakho-ke kwakungenankinga uma amabutho esejutshwa ukuba agane ngoba kwakwaziwa ukuthi abuthwa nini, iminyaka yawo ithi mayilingane. 

Ukubuthwa okudalwa nguMkhosi WoMhlanga negama elinikezwa ibutho lezintombi, kwenza izintombi zihlale zethembekile zize zigane zihamba ngeziyalo ezazithola eMkhosini woMhlanga zingafuni ukuba igama lebutho lazo lidicileleke phansi.

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Ngomkhosi iqokwa yiSILO iNkosazane ehola izintombi eMhlangeni

Abantu abaningi bahlezi bezibuza ukuthi ngabe iyiphi indlela esetshenziswa eNdlunkulu kaZulu ukuqokwa kweNkosazane ekha nephatha umhlanga wokuqala owamukelwa yiSILO SamaBandla. Akungatshazwa futhi akubuzwa ukubaluleka kwalo Mkhosi esizweni samaZulu ngoba phela uthinta izintombi ezingumhlahlandlela wekusasa nesiqiniseko ngesimo isizwe esizoba ngaphansi kwaso.

INdlunkulu kaZulu yahlukaniseke ngezigodlo eziyisikhombisa, zonke ezisenyakatho yesifundazwe. Kulabo abebengazi, Ongangezwe Lakhe nguye oqoka iNkosazane ezokha iphinde iphathe umhlanga wokuqala omukelwa yiZulu’ eliphezulu ngosuku lomcimbi. 

Kunezinto ezithile ezibhekwayo ngaphambi kokuthi iSILO simemezele ukuthi kuqokwe yiphi iNkosazane ngalowo nyaka. 

Njengoba lo Mkhosi uqeda iminyaka engama-37 wavuselelwa Ongangezwe Lakhe, maningi amakhosazane aseNdlunkulu aseke akha aphinde aphatha umhlanga wokuqala.

Okubalulekile ngokuqokwa kweNkosazane ezophatha umhlanga ngalowo nyaka wukuthi kumele kube yileyo esuke ingene ebuntombini ngaphambi kokukufika komcimbi woMkhosi WoMhlanga. 

Njengoba kwenzeke kuyo yonke imizi ukuthi izintombi zibikele onina uma zingena ebuntombini, naseNdlunkulu aMakhosazane enze njalo. Kuba semahlombe kaNdlunkulu ukudlulisela umbiko eSilweni ukuthi iNkosazane ethile isikhulile.

Lokho kusiza ukuthi uma sekumele iMbube iqoke ozokha aphathe umhlanga wokuqala, kubhekwa iNkosazane ekhule kuqala noma engene kuqala ebuntombini ngalowo nyaka. 

Uma kwenzekile aMakhosazane aseNdlunkulu angena kanyekanye ebuntombini noma akhula ngonyaka owodwa, kubhekwa ongene kuqala bese kuqokwa yena. 

Leyo Nkosazane esuke iphathe umhlanga wokuqala yiyo futhi ewudlulisela kOngangezwe Lakhe ngosuku lomcimbi omkhulu sekukhona nezimenywa eziqavile kuyo yonke imikhakha. 

Akukhethwa ngokuthi yiyiphi iNkosazane endala ngokweminyaka kodwa kugxilwa kakhulu esikhathini ekhule ngaso yangena ebuntombini. 

Kuyenzeka kuqokwe iNkosazane encane ekhona amadala, inqobo nje uma ikhule kuqala kunawo. Iningi laMakhosazane aseNdlunkulu aseke awuphatha umhlanga awunika iSILO.

Ngesikhathi iMbube iwuvuselala lo Mkhosi owacishe washabalala ngezikhathi zezepolitiki, iNkosazane yokuqala ukuwuphatha kwaba nguMntwana uSibusile waseSigodlweni kwaDlamahlahla ozalwa nguNdlunkulu uKaMathe. UMntwana uSibusile okunguye omdala eMakhosazaneni eSILO waphatha umhlanga esemncane. 

Ngaleso sikhathi wawusabanjelwa oSuthu iminyaka emibili ilandelana ngaphambi kokuthuthelwa eNyokeni okuyiSigodlo esavuswa Ongangezwe Lakhe.

UMntwana uSibusile walandelwa ngudadewabo uMntwana uNombuso, uMntwana uSinethemba, noMntwana uNtombizosuthu bobabili basesigodlweni kwaKhethomthandayo kwaNdlunkulu uMaDlamini. Iminyaka abalandelana ngayo ayilandelanisiwe ngendlela kodwa bahlukaniswe ngokwezigodlo. 

Lawa maKhosazane omabili ake ashintshana isikhathi eside ngokuphatha umhlanga kwazise abanye aBantwana babesebencane. KuNdlunkulu uKaMathe aMakhosazane aseke akha, aphatha umhlanga kubalwa uMntwana uNandi, uMntwana uKhonzinkosi noMntwana uThandeka. 

ESigodlweni kwaKhangelamankengane kuNdlunkulu uMntanenkosi khona kubalwa uMntwana uBukhosibemvelo, uMntwana uNomkhosi, noMntwana uNtandoyesizwe. KuNdlunkulu uNdlovu kwaLinduzulu kubalwa uMntwana uMukelile.

ESigodlweni eNyokeni, lapho kubanjelwa khona lo Mkhosi, kuNdlunkulu okaMchiza, uMntwana uNqobangothando useke wawuhambisa umhlanga eSilweni. Kanti ngonyaka owedlule uhanjiswe nguMntwana uCebolabo. 

Akukho mgomo ovimbela aBantwana ukuba baphinde bakhe baphathe umhlanga wokuqala futhi kuyenzeka baphinde uma kungekho kodadewabo osengene esigabeni sokukhula.

• (Lo mnikelo waqala ukushicilelwa ngonyaka wezi-2007. Ngokuwushicilela ababhali babeqinisekisa ukuthi abahambele uMkhosi banomlando ophelele ngawo nozoqoshelwa izizukulwane