Izinselelo emacaleni amayelana nezimali ezisemthethweni
Ziya ngokujiya izinselelo emacaleni aphathelene nezimali ezisemthethweni. Sikhuluma ngezimali ezilawulwa yimithetho emibili okuwuMthetho Womholo Kazwelonke Oyisisekelo (National Minimum Wage Act) noMthetho Wemibandela Eyisisekelo Yokuqashwa uNombolo 75 we-1997 osuchitshiyelwe (Basic Conditions of Employment Act as amended). Masikhumbule ukuthi ngokoMthetho Womholo Kazwelonke Oyisisekelo oqale ukusebenza ngenyanga kaMasingana wonyaka ophelile, sekuyicala ukuholela abasebenzi imali engaphansi kwama-R20,00 ngehora, okuyizi-R3 900 ngenyanga. Kanti lo Mthetho usetshenziswa uhambisana noMthetho Wemibandela Eyisisekelo Yokuqashwa. Phela yiSigaba 73A soMthetho Wemibandela esinika ilungelo lokumangala mayelana nokungakhokhelwa umholo oyisisekelo kanye nezinye izimali ezisemthethweni. Masikuqonde futhi ukuthi umthetho uthi, ngofake icala (ummangali) okufanele aveze bonke ubufakazi bokuthi nembala uyakweledwa futhi unegunya laleyo mali ayimangalele. Inselelo yokuqala ngeyokuqondisisa ilungelo eligunyazwe nguMthetho Womholo Kazwelonke Oyisisekelo.
Lo mthetho uthi umholo oyisisekelo wabo bonke abasebenzi ngama-R20,00 ngehora okusho ukuthi ngenyanga ebalwa ngahora ali-195 umholo uba yizi-R3 900, ngaphandle kwabasebenza emapulazini nabasebenza ezindlini bona eyabo ili-R18.00 ne-R15.00 ngehora. Kunenselelo yokuqonda ukuthi usebenza kanjani lo mthetho. Ecaleni elalithethwa nguKhomishana wakwaCCMA abamangali babeqashelwe ukuqoqa izimali zesikhwama sikamasingcwabisane. Umholo wabo wawuzingxenye ezimbili okungumholo oyisisekelo (basic) okwakungama R1900.00 ngenyanga. Bese beholelwa ingxenye yesibili yona ebalwa ngama-4% wemali eyi-R1000,00 abayiqoqile ngaleyo nyanga. Le ndlela yokuholelwa yayibahlomulisa umholo ophakathi kwezi-R6 500 kuya kwezi-R9000 ngenyanga kuye ngokukhuthala kwakhe umuntu kuleyo nyanga. Ngakho-ke babethola umholo ongaphezulu kwemali eyisisekelo njengoba siyichaze ngenhla. Abamangali babefake icala lokuholelwa umholo oyisisekelo ongama-R20.00 ngehora noma izi-R3900.00 ngenyanga.
Babethi umqashi uyabakweleda kusukela ngoMasingana ngoba ubebaholela i-R1 900 okuyisisekelo kungabi izi-R3 900. Umqashi yena wayemi kwelokuthi uma befuna leyo mali uzobaholela yona kuphela okusho ukuthi umholo wabo wawuzokwehla ngemali enkulu. Babengayemukeli ingxenye yesibili yomholo wabo ngoba babenombono oqinile wokuthi le ngxenye yomholo ehambisana nokukhuthala kayihlangene nomholo oyisisekelo okwakufanele ukuthi yakhushulwa ngoMasingana wonyaka owedlule ibe yizi-R3 900 ngenyanga. Eselicubungula lolu daba uKhomishana wathola ukuthi uMthetho Womholo Kazwelonke Oyisisekelo uchaza umholo ngokuthi yimali eholelwa umqashwa ngokusebenza amahora ajwayelekile. Kunobufakazi bokuthi abamangali babeholelwa ukusebenza amahora ajwayelekile, bethole imali engaphezulu komholo oyisisekelo obekwe nguMthetho.
UMthetho ulawula ukuthi abasebenzi mabangaholelwa ngaphansi kwezi-R3 900 ngenyanga noma ama-R20 ngehora. Futhi umthetho uchaza uthi umholo kazwelonke oyisisekelo uyingxenye yesivumelwano sokuqashwa kwabo bonke abasebenzi, ngaphandle kwalabo abahola umholo ongaphezulu kwalo mholo oyisisekelo. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi uma abamangali behola ngaphezulu kwama-R20 ngehora noma izi-R3 900 ngenyanga, akufanele ukuba umholo wabo wehliswe. Umthetho phela uchaza kahle ukuthi sekuyisenzo esingenabulungiswa ukwehlisa umholo noma imibandela yokuqashwa ukuze kwehle umholo ongaphezulu komholo kazwelonke oyisisekelo.
Ekugcineni uKhomishana wasichitha isicelo sabamangali wanquma ukuthi akanakujeziswa umqashi ngoba ubaholela imali engaphezulu kakhulu kuleyo ebekwe umthetho. Enye inselelo ngemayelana nezimali ezisemthethweni ngokoMthetho Wemibandela Eyisisekelo Yokuqashwa. Kwelinye icala elalifakwe ngaphansi kwaso iSigaba 73A salo Mthetho, ummangali wayefuna ukukhokhelwa imali yelivu yeminyaka emibili eyayingakhokhelwe. Umqashi yena ezivikela ngokuthi nguye ummangali ongafakanga isicelo selivu kule minyaka emibili. Umqashi wayesho nokuthi ilivu, yebo, iyizinsuku ezingama-21 bese zehliswa ngamalanga ezimpelasonto. Okwakusho ukuthi izinsuku zelivu ezokhokhelwa sezingaphansi kwezingama-21. Eselihlaziya icala uKhomishana waphawula ukuthi uMthetho ucacile ekutheni izinsuku zelivu zingama-21, nokuthi umqashwa kufanele akhokhelwe lezi zinsuku anazo zelivu noma eseyekile
ukusebenza.
UKhomishana wachaza futhi ukuthi uMthetho unesinqumo sokuthi ilungelo loqashwa ngelokufana inkokhelo yelivu yesikhathi esingayizinyanga ezingama-36 kusukela eyekile ukusebenza kuya emumva. Ngakho angeke aphumelela umqashwa ofuna ukukhokhelwa imali yelivu yeminyaka emihlanu ngoba ingaphezuu kwesinqumo soMthetho njengoba sichazile ngenhla. Wabe esenquma ukuba makakhokhe umqashi; imali yelivu yeminyaka emibili eyayifunwa ngabasebenzi. Akagcinanga lapho uKhomishana ngoba wathi ngokweSigaba 75 soMthetho Wemibandela, uKhomishana unegunya lokuhlawulisa umqashi inzalo engama-10% ngonyaka, ngokwenani elibekwe nguMthethoi Wesinqumo Senzalo uNombolo 55 we-1975. Empeleni lesi Sigaba soMthetho Wemibandela sithi uphoqekile okweleda izimali ezisemthethweni ukuthi ezikhokhe sezinenzalo. Nembala uKhomishana wahlawulisa umqashi inzalo ngaphezu kwemali yelivu ayeyikweleda umqashwa.
Eyokugcina inselelo mayelana namacala emali ngeyecala alalifakwe yiSekela leSikhonzi seNkantolo sifuna ukukhokhelwa imali eyisamba esisodwa njalo ngenyanga. Sasikhala ngokuthi isivumelwano sabo nomqashi esingabhaliwe sasithi uyoholelwa isabelo (commission) esingama-33% semali yomsebenzi awungenisile ngenyanga. Kodwa kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ukuthi ummangali akhokhelwe umholo oyizi-R20 000 ngenyanga ongancikile emsebenzini awungenisile. Ecaleni ayelifakile wayesethi unegunya lokuholelwa ngale ndlela ngoba ayinazinkinga. Kodwa isinqumo sikaKhomishana sathi nembala uyakweledwa, kodwa leyo mali akweledwa yona yilena abavumelana ngayo nomqashi elingana nama-33% womsebenzi awungesile ngenyanga. Lokhu kwamethwesa umthwalo wokuveza ubufakazi bokuthi ukweledwa malini.
Kwatholakala ukuthi ummangali uyehluleka ukuveza ubufakazi bokuthi ngezinye izinyanga wayengaholelwanga imali okwakufanele ayikhokhelwe. Kuwona wonke la macala amayelana nezimali ezisemthethweni inselelo enkulu ngeyomqashwa (ummangali) yokuveza ukuthi ukweledwa malini ngeyasiphi isikhathi. Izinkinga okuyimbangela yale nselelo okokuqala, ukugcina amaphepha aqoshiwe emali ayikhokhelwe: okungaba zimvelophi zomholo noma amaPay Slip noma izitatimende zasebhange ezitshengisa ukuthi wakhokhelwa imali ibe kufanele akhokhelwe malini. Inkinga yesibili ukungabi bikho kwesivumelwano sokuqashwa esibhaliwe. Okanye sibe khona kodwa singacacisi indlela yokuholelwa. Eyokugcina inkinga ukungazi ukuthi ngubani umqashi, esimweni lapho umqashi eyinkontileka eyenza umsebenzi othile enkampanini edinga lowo msebenzi. Isibonelo ngesokuthi omasipala basebenzisa izinkampani ezahlukene ukwenza imisebenzi yezinsiza noma intuthuko emphakathini. Kuyenzeka-ke ukuthi uma sekuxatshenwe umqashwa amangalele umasipala ngoba imali ayiholayo vele iphuma kuye, noma ebamangalele bobabili umasipala nenkampani ebimholela. Kubalulekile ukuqondisisa imibandela yokuqashwa nokuqasha, futhi iqoshwe ukuze kucace ngezimali zemaholo.