Umongo woSuku Lwe-Afrika mdala: Umbhali
Ngoko mlando wezwekazi oqonde kahle, ukumiswa kosuku oselwaziwa nge-Africa Day, kwenziwa mhla zingama-15 kuMbasa we-1958 emhlanganweni wamazwe ase-Afrika ayesethole inkululeko kanye nayevele ekhululekile owabanjelwa e-Accra, eGhana. Lo mhlangano wawuhanjelwe amazwe ayisi-8 ayesekhululekile ngalowo nyaka okubalwa iGhana, iSudan, iMorocco, i-Ethiopia, iLiberia, i-Egypt, iLibya kanye neTunisia. Abahambeli kule ngqungquthela bavumelana ngokuthi kumiswe usuku olwabizwa nge‘Africa Freedom Day’ okwathiwa losebenza ukuba yisikhumbuzo sokuthi aboHlanga basahlezi ngaphansi kwengcindezelo, luphinde lusetshenziselwe ukuthi kwakhiwe ubumbano lokudala amaqhinga okuseka amanye amazwe ase-Afrika ayesacindezelwe. Intshisekelo eyenziwa yilaba bahambeli yaba nomthelela ekutheni lande inani lamazwe athola inkululeko, kwaze kwafinyelela ekubunjweni kwe-Organisation of African Unity (OAU) ngonyaka we-1963. Kwaba kule Ngqungquthela yokuqala ye-OAU lapho lolu suku lwaphinde lwamiswa kwase kuthiwa lizobizwa nge-Africa Liberation Day. Lokhu kumiswa kabusha kwalo kokunye okwakuyinhloso kwakungukubungaza inkululeko; kukhunjulwe futhi kuhalaliswe labo ababamba iqhaza ekwakheni izwekazi elahlukile kunelangaphambilini. Kwaphinde kwathiwa akube ngusuku olumiselwe ukubheka lokho okusamele kwenziwe ukuze i-Afrika ikhululeke ngokugcwele.
Lo mlando ofingqiwe ngalolu suku ubalulekile ukuze usetshenziswe ukuhlola ukuthi kungabe namuhla kusaqhutshwa ngokunjalo yini uma kubanjwa izinhlelo zokugubha lolu suku. Kokunye okungaphawulwa ngukuthi baningi abaholi bangaphambili abayibeka induku ebandla ngendima abayilima ukuze izwekazi likhululeke. Uma silandela imfundiso kaFranz Fanon ongenye yezingwazi olwazini ngezingqinamba zaboHlanga, owathi, ‘isizikulwane nesizukulwane kumele sihlahle indlela nendima yaso, bese senza ngakho konke ukuthi sikwazi ukuyifeza’. Isizukulwane sabaholi bangaphambilini, ikakhulukazi labo abaphila izwekazi lisalwela inkululeko, babonwa njengalabo abaqatha indima yabo ngokuthi bakhulule i-Afrika ebugqileni, nokubuswa ngaphansi kwengcindezelo yabaseNyakatho.
Umbuzo uthi, isizukulwane nabaholi abakhona namuhla yini bona abayibona kuyijoka labo, okumele balimele, njengoba uFranz Fanon ayenxusile? Okubonakala sekwaba yisejwayezi ukuthi usuku oselubizwa nge-Africa Day, selathanda ukugxila kakhulu ekutheni kubungazwe ubunjalo bama-Afrika, amagugu aboHlanga, kanye nomlando wezwekwazi. Noma le migubho kuyinto enhle futhi okumele iqhutshekwe nokwenziwa kepha, akuyona kuphela injongo eyamiselwa leli langa. Ngamanye amazwi, akusizi ukuthi leli langa noma inyanga uNhlaba, igcine isigxile kuphela ekubungazeni lokhu okungamagugu kwaboHlanga. Kumele kubuyelwe ezimpandeni, kukhunjuzwane ukuthi lolu suku lwasungulelwa nokuthi luvuselele intshisekelo yokuqhuba nokulwela inkululeko yezwekazi.
Phambilini, inkululeko eyalwelwa kwakungeyokuthi abangokudabuka ezwenikazi babe namandla okuthi nabo bakwazi ukuzilawula, njengazo zonke ezinye izizwe. Namuhla, inkululeko okumele ilwelwe iza ngezindlela eziningi, kodwa okumqoka kakhulu yile okumele idale ukuthi izwekazi lizilawule kwezomnotho nezentuthuko. Umnotho okhona ezwenikazi, kungaba ngowezimbiwa, ezolimo, nowezimboni, ake uhlale ezandleni zaboHlanga. Ububha, ukwentuleka kwamathuba emisebenzi, kanye nokunye, kungezinye zezihibe ezwenikazi ezikhombisa ukuthi kusamele kuhanjwe ibanga elide ukuze umnotho wezwekazi ukwazi ukuthi ubhekelele izidingo zabaHlonga.
Isiphakamiso ngesithi ake kusetshenziswe lolu suku ukucubungula kanzulu ukuthi kungabe izinyathelo ezithathwayo ngamazwe ehlukene ezwenikazi kanye nabaholi bawo, ziyasisondeza noma cha, ekufinyeleleni ekutheni kube khona le nkululeko esikhuluma ngayo. Lolu suku ake lubhekiswe ekutheni kubuyekezwe izinhlelo ezimisiwe, kungabe eze-African Union (AU) ibambisene nezinye izinhlaka ezikhona, noma ohulumeni bamazwe ehlukene, ukuthi zihamba kanjani. Lokho kosiza ekutheni, njengabaholi bangaphambilini, labo abakhona namuhla batshathe ijoka; nokuthi mhlasimbe uma kukhona lapho kuphambukwa kusheshe kucobelelwane ukuthi kungalungiswa kanjani.
Okunye okuseyijoka lesizukulwane esikhona ukuqeda izimpi emazweni ehlukene. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, i-AU yazibophezela ekuthini iyokwenza konke okusemandleni ukuze kudaleke ukuthula nokuphela kwezimpi zombango ezwenikazi ngonyaka wezi-2020. Njengoba lo nyaka ususeMome, lona umthwalo lesi sizukulwane okumele sibhekane nawo. Ukuphela kwezimpi zombango, kuncikene kakhulu nokudala kanye nokwandisa amathuba okuthi iminotho yamazwe idlondlobale. Noma kukuningi okumele kuthakaselwe ngegalelo elikhona ukuze kuphele izimpi ezwenikazi, kepha kusamele kuqhutshekwe nokuqinisa kakhulu ekwakheni ukuthula emazweni afana noSouth Sudan, iCentral African Republic (CAR), iCameroon, iNigeria, iLibya, kanye neDemocratic Republic of Congo (DRC).
Esikugcizelelayo ngukuthi, yebo, kubalulekile ukubungaza okungamagugu aboHlanga ngosuku i-Africa Day. Kepha akungagcini lapho, lolu suku aluphinde lusetshenziselwe ukuvuselela intshisekelo yokwandisa amathuba enkululeko, ikakhulukazi lena yokuthi umnotho wamazwe ase-Afrika ulawulwe ngaboHlanga, bese usebenzela ukuthi uthuthukise impilo yezakhamuzi.