Impi yokugcina yaboHlanga kwelomhlaba
UMfowakwaNomajalimane ungungoti wepolitiki nepolitiki yezomnotho. UnguMhleli Omkhulu noMshicileli weBayede.
Ibukeka isiseMome kuleli, akekho ongayigwema ngokwesimo esikhona njengamanje
UNYAKA wezi-2017 usho ukuqala komzabalazo wokugcina waboHlanga nowabe ungumongo womzabalazo. Le mpi nxa ingaphathwa ngesinwe kungachitheka uphoko
Ezinkulumweni zonke zamaqembu ayelwela inkululeko kanye nalawo anabalandeli abaningi boHlanga kukhona ukwamukela ukuthi lokho okwatholwayo ngonyaka we-1994 kwabe kungamandla nje evoti angahlangene namandla omnotho. Wonke ayavumelana ukuthi kusekude endololwaneni kwaboHlanga nxa kufikwa ‘enkululekweni yangempela’ okuyinkululeko yezomnotho. Umhlaba okuyiwo umongo womzabalazo lapha eNingizimu Afrika nase-Afrika kubukeka sekuyiwo ozoba ubufakazi bokuthi nembala umzabalazo usuphelile noma kusamele uqhubeke.
Okubukeka kungase kube yinkinga noma kwenze isimo sibe sibi odabeni lomhlaba wukwehlukela kohlelo lokubuyisela aboHlanga umhlaba (lokhu yize kukhona okuhle okungakhonjwa) kanye nelukuluku lamaqembu ezepolitiki afuna ukulusebenzisa lolu daba ukuqhuba izinhlelo zawo zepolitiki.
Yize uHulumeni eqhamuke nohlaka olwaziwa ngokuthi yiComission for the Restitution of Land Rights (CRLR) kubukeka nayo ingesona isixazululo esiphelele. Le Khomishana eyabe yakhelwe phakathi kokunye ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lokubuyiselwa komhlaba kuleyo miphakathi nabantu abemukwa yona yimibuso yamakoloni kanye nowobandlululo. Ngokwemibiko, namaphepha asenkantolo leKhomishana ihleli nenqwaba yezicelo ezafakwa ngesikhathi sokuvalwa ngonyaka we-1998, ezinye azikabhekwa nokubhekwa. Kwavela futhi nokuthi ezibalelwa ezi-79 696 zafakwa ngowe-1998 ezinkantolo ukuze kwahlulelwe.
Amanye amalungu omphakathi agxeka izisebenzi zeKhomishana ngobugebengu nxa zisebenza udaba lokubuyiselwa kwemihlaba. ElaboHlanga selibuke kaningana ngeziga ezenzeka KwaZulu-Natal lapho umsanka wenkohlakalo unuka phu.
Okunye okuyinkinga ngohlelo lukaHulumeni lokubuyiselwa komhlaba wukuthi ugcina esekhokhe imali eyizigidi emhlabeni owabe ungathengwanga kanye nocwaningo olungenele ngobunini bomhlaba. Yonke le minyaka kulandelwa inqubo kamathengiselena ngokuthanda (willing buyer willing seller). Kula macala okuqaphelekayo wukuthi uHulumeni akanamali nokuthi ugcina esekhokhe imali enkulu. Isibonelo salokho yisinqumo secala iNhlanganisweni Community vs Minister G Nkwinti (LCC 156/2009), lapho uNgqongqoshe adalula khona ukuthi uHulumeni akakwazi ukukhokha imali eyizindleko eziphezulu (R791m) zokulungisa umhlaba iMala-Mala ubuyiselwe emphakathini. Ekugcineni uNgqongqoshe wagcina enesivumelwano ngaphandle kwenkantolo sokukhokha imali engaphezulu kakhulu eyaba ngaphezu kwesigidigidi (R1bn). UMehluleli uGildenhuys (owayesesihlalweni) wakubuka lokhu njengalokho okubangwa uphenyo nocwaningo okungenele mayelana nesicelo esifakiwe njengesinye sezizathu ezabangela ukuba uNgqongqoshe limlahle icala.
Kanti nokungahleleki nokwehluleka ukubheka izicelo kubeka uHulumeni enkingeni. Esinye isinqumo esilahle uMnyango ngesikhishwe yiNkantolo Yezokubuyiselwa Umhlaba (Land Claim Court [LCC]) ngeledlule nesifakazela lokhu. Le Nkantolo ikhiphe isinqumo esisemqoka sokuthi kufanele kube nosomthetho ozoqashwa abhekelele zonke izicelo esezinesikhathi eside zafakwa yizisebenzi eziyizinkulungwane. INkantolo ibuye yethula ukwehluleka koMnyango Wokuthuthukisa Emakhaya Nokubuyiselwa Komhlaba ukuba ucubungule izicelo ezifakwe ngaphansi koMthetho Wezokubuyiselwa Komhlaba we-1996, yathi bekungahambisani noMthethosisekelo. Usomthetho okhethekile ungumuntu ozimele oqashwa abuye abike enkantolo. Izingxabo zalolu daba zigxile ekwehlulekeni koMnyango Wokuthuthukisa Emakhaya Nokubuyiselwa Komhlaba ukucubungula izicelo. UMthetho wahlinzeka izisebenzi ukuba zifake izicelo zobunikazi ngomhlaba lapho zona nabazali nokhokho bazo zahlala khona ziwusebenza (umhlaba). Izisebenzi ezibalelwa ezi-21 000 eziqhamuka kulo lonke izwe zafaka izicelo zobunikazi bomhlaba. Usuku olungumnqamulajuqu lokufaka izicelo kwakunguNdasa wezi-2001. Ngowezi-2013, nokho, izinkulungwane zezicelo azikaphothulwa.
Esinqumeni sangoLwesihlanu, inkantolo ithe kuyabonakala ukuthi ukwehluleka koMnyango Wokuthuthukisa Emakhaya Nokubuyiselwa Komhlaba ukusebenza izicelo okuyizinhlosongqangi zokunikeza ukuvikeleka kobunikazi bomhlaba ezisebenzini ngenge nje kuvele kuphele kanjalo. “Lesi simo esidabukisayo, ngeshwa, sekuphele iminyaka engama-20 wahlongozwa lo Mthetho ngowe-1996, sekwedlule kanjalo.” UMehluleli obambile uThomas Ncube uthe uMnyango awukwazanga ukuhlinzeka izibalo zokuthi zingaki izicelo esezisetshenziwe futhi lokho, kuyathikameza, ukuthi usulahle amafayela abafakizicelo.
Kanti kamuva nje iNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo ikhiphe isinqumo esifake lolu hlelo noHulumeni enkingeni. Yanquma ngokuchitshiyelwa komthetho okwenziwa nguMengameli uZuma. Inkantolo inqume ukuthi uMthethosichibiyelo Wamalungelo Okubuyiselwa Umhlaba wawungalungile, inkantolo ithole ukuthi uMkhandlu Wezifundazwe Kazwelonke (National Council of Provinces) kanye nenqubo yeSishayamthetho sesifundazwe okubandakanya namagalelo omphakathi kwakunganele. Izishayamthetho zezifundazwe zanikezwa isikhathi esingaphansi kwamasonto amabili sokwazisa nokubamba izithangami, ukuze zicubungule izethulo ezishiwo ngomlomo nezibhalwe phansi ezivela emphakathini, bese zihlinzeka izeluleko ngokubonisana nezokugcina.
Ukudideka osekukhona
Umtheho waqala ukusebenza mhla lulunye kuNtulikazi wezi-2014. Wanikeza izakhamuzi umhlaba obuthathwe ngokoMthetho Womhlaba we-1913, wanikeza nethuba lokuletha izicelo zokubuyiselwa umhlaba. Umnqamulajuqu wangaphambilini wokufaka izicelo wawungowe-1998.
NgokoMnyango Wokuthuthukisa Emakhaya Nokubuyiselwa Komhlaba, kulo nyaka izicelo ezintsha ezi-162 767 zifakiwe kusukela kwachitshiyelwa umthetho. INkantolo YoMthethosisekelo yanquma ukuthi izicelo ezifakwe ngaphambi kosuku lwesinqumo zizoqhubeka zibe ngezamukelekile.
Kodwa inkantolo yafaka isivimbelo kuKhomishana Wezokubuyiselwa Komhlaba ukuba ingaqhubeki, ingacubunguli futhi ingaphethi ngezicelo ezintsha isikhathi esiyizinyanga ezingama-24, kuze kube kubuyiselwa umthetho ochitshiyelwe noma kuphethwe ngezicelo ezafakwa kungakedluli umhla zingama-31 kuZibandlela we-1998, kubhekwa ukuthi ukuphi okwenzeka kuqala.