ONobhala Jikelele beNhlangano Yezizwe abadabuka e-Afrika
Izingqinamba ezihlangabene nabase-Afrika kweyomhlaba
KUSUKELA ngowe-1945 emveni kokusungulwa kwe Nhlangano Yezizwe, phecelezi, i-United Nations (UN), le nhlangano isibe noNobhala abayisishiyagalombili. Kulabo, kubalwa ababili ababengokudabuka e-Afrika, okunguBoutros-Boutros Ghali (ongasekho), kanye noKofi Atta Annan. Bobabili baqatha indima futhi babamba neqhaza elikhulu ekuzameni ukuthi i-UN ebhekane ngqo nezinkinga ezikhona emhlabeni, ikakhulukazi ekutheni imele intshisekelo ekuMthethosisekelo wayo ethi le nhlangano yasungulelwa ukuthi kube yiyo ehlanganisa abaholi bamazwe ngamazwe ukuze beze nezisombululo ezizokwenza ukuthi izizukulwane ezizayo emhlabeni jikelele zingabi izisulu zempi, nobubha.
UBoutros-Boutros Ghali (1992-1996)
UMnu uBoutros Boutros-Ghali waye ngowokudabuka e-Egypt, okwathi ngaphambi kokuba athathe indawo kaNobhala Jikelele we-UN, wayenguNgqongqoshe wezangaphandle e-Egypt. Waqokwa ukuba nguNobhala Jikelele wesithupha we-UN ekupheleni kowe-1991.
Igalelo akhunjulwa ngalo kwaba ngelokuthi akhiphe umqulu owabizwa ngokuthi An Agenda for Peace owagxila kakhulu ezinhlelweni okumele zenziwe yi-UN ukuze isebenzele ukudala uxolo emazweni ayebhekene nezimpi. Ngesikhathi okaGhali enguNobhala Jikelele, amazwe amaningi omhlaba ayebhekene nezingqinamba eziningi, kubalwa nje, izimpi ezazikhone eYugoslavia, ukuqothulwa kohlanga eRwanda, kanye nezimpi ezazikhona esifundazweni saseGulf. Kwakuyisikhathi futhi lapho i-UN yabhekana ngqo nesimo eSomalia, lapho kwagcina amasotsha aseMelika etholana phezulu nabavukelimbuso kuleliya lizwe. OkaGhali, nguye impela owayebhekene nezimo ezazinzima, zidinga ubuhlakani bokuthi i-UN ibe nendima eyidlalayo ezinxushunxushwini ezazikhona. Okuyindima okwakumele ukuthi iyilime i-UN ngaphandle kokuthi icheme namazwe athizeni, ikakhulukazi lawa amahlanu okuyiwo aphethe iSecurity Council. Noma ngabe kwakungesikhathi sakhe mhla i-UN ihluleka ukuvimba ukuqothulwa kwaboHlanga eRwanda, wakwazi ukuthi angathuli uma amazwe afana no-USA behlasela eYugoslavia.
Emlandweni we-UN, okaGhali, nguye kuphela kubo bonke abake baphatha lesi sikhundla ngaphambilini owahlala ihlandla elilodwa kuphela elaba iminyaka emihlanu. Noma ngabe wayese sekiwe ngamanye amazwe ukuthi aqhubeke okwesibili, kodwa lesi siphakamiso sachithwa emveni kokuba i-USA isebenzise ilungelo layo le-voti engaphikiswa yakwazi ukuvimba okaGhali ukuthi aphinde aphathe lesi sikhundla.
UKofi Atta Annan (1997-2006)
UMnu uKofi Atta Annan ongowokudabuka eGhana waqokwa ukuba uNobhala Jikelele we-UN ngowe- 1997, isikhundla asibamba amahlandla amambili, kwaze kwaba ngowezi-2006. Ngaphambilini wayengomunye ababengoSekela Nobhala we-UN, ebhekene nezinhlelo zokudala uxolo. Oka-Annan kwaqala ngaye ukuthi kuqokelwe esikhundleni sikaNobhala Jikelele owayevele esebenzela i-UN. Ababeqokwe ngaphambilini, abafana naye okaGhali, kwakungabantu ababe nezikhundla kwezepolitiki emazweni abo.
Ichashazi analo elokuthi ngenkathi kuqothulwa izakhamuzi eRwanda, kwakunguye owayebhekene nezokudala uxolo kepha akakwazanga ukunxenxa ozakwabo, ukuze i-UN isheshe ingenelele eRwanda ngowe-1994, mhla kuqala impi yombango.
Kodwa-ke igalelo akhunjulwa ngalo kwaba ngelokuthi azame ukwenza iziphakamiso, nezinhlelo zokuthi indlela i-UN esebenza ngayo, kanye namandla amazwe athile ikakhulukazi lawa amahlanu akuSecurity Council aguqulwe. Uphinde akhunjulwe ngeqhaza alibamba elenza ukuthi i-UN ibambe ingqungquthela eyabizwa ngeMillennium Summit, owandulelwa umqulu awukhipha ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi: We the People: the Role of the UN in the 21st Century, owawuqukethe izincomo ezinzulu mayelana neqhaza elingabanjwa yileNhlangano Yezizwe ekhulwininyaka lama-21. Okubalulekile eyeza nakho le ngqugquthela kwaba ukuthi abaphathi bamazwe bakwazi ukuvumelana ngezinhlelo okumele zenziwe ukuze kuphele ububha, nobuphofu, futhi kuvulele amathuba okuthi izingane zithole imfundo, konke lokhu kuqukethwe kumaMillennium Development Goals (MDGs).
Ngowezi-2001, oka-Annan, ngaphansi kwe-UN, wahlonyuliswa ngeNobel Peace Prize. Uphinde anconywe ngeqhaza alibamba ekuzameni ukuthi i-UN ibeke eqhulwini izidingo, nezingqinamba zezwekazi i-Afrika.
