Mude umzabalazo waboHlanga abahlala emjondolo
Kubalulekile ukuthi abantu baseNingizimu Afrika bafunde futhi baqonde kabanzi ngomlando wemijondolo.
Umjondolo isakhiwo esakhiwe endaweni engagunyaziwe ngokomthetho, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemadolobheni ngenxa yokuthi abantu basuke besondezele amathuba emisebenzi nempilo engcono.
Kuzokhumbuleka ukuthi kwake kwaba nesikhathi lapho uhulumeni wobandlululo wayekwenza kube yicala ukungena emadolobheni kwabantu abansundu. Ngokujwayelekile lesisakhiwo sakhiwa kuphuthunywa, ukuze baqambe bayasibona abaphethe, sesihlala umuntu. Ngenxa yalesi simo, lesisakhiwo sigcina singenalo iphepha elisemthethweni neligunyaza ubunini baso naleyondawo esakhiwe kuyo. Lokhu kube sekwenza ukuthi labo abahlala kulezakhiwo bazithole sebeyizisulu zokudilizelwa, basuswe ngesankahlu nangendluzula eyisimanga ngabezinhlaka zomthetho, nomasipala imbala.
Ukuziphatha kwalezinhlaka zikahulumeni wentando yeningi kwenza kufane ncamashi nokwakwenziwa uhulumeni wobandlululo. Lapho izimpilo zabantu zazingakhathalelwa khona. Muva nje sekunanamaqola azenza abanini balemihlaba esuke yakhe lezakhiwo.
Ongoti baveza ukuthi umjondolo wokuqala kuleli lakithi wakhiwa ngeminyaka yowe-1870, khona eThekwini, eMkhumbane. Ngakho-ke akusiyo into entsha le neyafika noZikode naBahlali. Namhlanje bangaphezu kuka-1 billion abantu abahlala emijondolo umhlaba wonke. Lesibalo siyanda ngoba ongoti bakholwa ukuthi ngonyaka wezi-2030 umuntu oyedwa kwabane uyobe ehlala emjondolo.
Uma lesakhiwo sesihlala umuntu, umthetho wezwe ube usuwavikela amalungelo alowo osehlala kuso. Ngenxa yesigaba samashumi amabili nesithupha (sect 26) soMthethosisekelo wezwe onikeza ilungelo lokuba nendlu enesithunzi kuzo zonke izakhamuzi zaseNingizimu Afrika, wena osuke usumsusa uyaphoqeleka ukuthi umnikeze enye indawo yokuhlala eyanele. Kuzokhumbuleka ukuthi iningi lalabantu abahlala emjondolo ngabantu abansundu, abangasebenzi nababayizisulu nezizukulwane zezisulu zikahulumeni wobandlululo.
Isikhathi esiningi abahlali basemijondolo babukelwa phansi, bathathwa kancane, njengabantu abangenayo ingqondo, nabangakwazi futhi ukucabanga. Abanye baze bazinikeze bona amagunya okubacabangela, babakhulumele. Ngisho nasezithangamini zokuxoxisana baze babathathele ngisho izinqumo. Abanye baze benze ngisho imali ngalokhu.
Okukhathaza kakhulu bayaye babe mbalwa kakhulu abazimisele ukuzokhuluma nabo, babonisane nabo ngezinto ezithinta bona nekusasa labo. Ngisho kwabasemagunyeni uqobo, kuwo wonke amazinga kusukela komasipala kuya kusi Shayamthetho. Bakhunjulwa uma kuzovotwa kuphela.
Ukusungulwa koMbutho Abahlali baseMjondolo
Kwathi ngonyaka we-2005 emva kochungechunge lomzabalazo omude wokulwela umhlaba nezindlu ezinesithunzi, nokuqonda nje ukuthi kahle kahle, akekho onendaba nempilo yabantu abahlala emijondolo, abaholi basemijondolo yakuKennedy Road, eThekwini bahlala phansi basungula lombutho. Izinhloso zawo kwabe:
- Kungukuzabalazela ukwakha isizwe esinobulungiswa nokulingana, esakhiwe ngesisekelo senhlonipho nesithunzi sawo wonke umuntu.
Lokhu kuzokwenzeka ngokuthi lombutho uthuthukise izimpilo nezimo zempilo abantu abahlala emijondolo abaphila ngaphansi kwazo, ngokuqhakambisa kakhulu isithunzi sawo wonke umuntu waseNingizimu Afrika. Lombutho ugxile kakhulu ekubuyisweni komhlaba, ukwakhiwa kwezindlu ezinesithunzi kanye nesithunzi somuntu uqobo. Siyafisa ukucacisa ukuthi lombutho awukhuthazi abantu ukuthi badle umhlaba, kodwa uvikela labo asebehlezi emhlabeni futhi abangenawo amandla okuzivikela nokuzithengela izindawo zokuhlala.
Kuleminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalombili lombutho usukhule ngesivinini nanjengomlilo wequbula njengoba ubulungu bawo sebufinyelele ezi- 115 000. Lokhu kuwenze waba wumbutho omkhulukazi ezweni nasezwenikazi ngumbutho wabantu abampofu.
Eminye yemikhankaso esike yaholwa yilo mbutho kubalwa owawuthi ‘Indoda Emuva Izindlu Phambili’ okwakuwumlayezo owawubhekiswe kosopolitiki abazi nje ukuthi umuntu omnyama yinto yokukhohliswa uma sekusondele ukhetho. ‘Umhlaba Awukho, Izindlu Azikho Nevoti Kalikho’, nawo lomkhankaso wawubhekiswe kosopolitiki ngezikhathi zokhetho ngoba sase sitholile ukuthi ayithuthukiswa nje imijondolo yingoba isiphendulwe ibhangi lamavoti.
Omunye wemikhankaso eyaba yimpumelelo enkulu kulezakhiwo yilo wokufakwa kwezidingongqangi emijondolo, efana namanzi, izindlu zangasese, ugesi kanye nokulandwa kwemfucuza.
Isibonelo, kusungulwa umbutho wabahlali eThekwini kwakunomthetho wokuthi ugesi awufakwa emijondolo. Sasungulu umkhankaso wokuthi uma ungafakwa ugesi abahlali bazozifakela bona ngokwabo esasiwubiza nge ‘Operation Khanyisa’, esasiwuthekele eSoweto, eGoli. Namhlalnje usuyafakwa ugesi emijondolo yakuleli.
Nanokuthi omasipala bakuleli babazi ukuthi izindlu zomxhaso kumele zakhelwe abantu bakithi kude namadolobha ngoba bona kungabafanele ukuba semadolobheni. Namhlanje kuyasithokozisa ukuthi abantu sebethuthukiselwa lapho bekhona eduze nezindawo zokusebenza (Upgrading of the Informal settlements Program).
Ubenzima kakhulu umzabalazo wasemijondolo ngoba baningi abantu okubalwa nabantwana ebebelahlekelwa yizimpilo zabo ngenxa yokusha kwemijondolo nezinga eliphezulu lezifo, okubalwa nesifo sofuba. Abanye bebulawa yizinhlaka zezomthetho ngesikhathi befudulwa ngendluzula emhlabeni. Muva nje osopolitiki behlangene nosomabhizinisi sebenesandla ekubulaweni kwabahlali ngenxa yokubona imali emhlabeni ohleli abantu abababona bengelutho.
Sekubulawe abaholi babahlali nezishoshovu zalombutho ezibalelwa emashumini amabili nane kusukela ngowe-2009. Kulonyaka nje esisuka kuwo esikhathini esiyizinyanga ezinhlanu, phakathi kukaNdasa noNcwaba, kubulawe abaholi balombutho abane abebenohlonzo embuthweni.
Kulesisihluku kuthinteka amakhansela nosopolitiki basendaweni abaziwayo, uMkhandlu omkhulu owaziwayo namaphoyisa esiteshi sendawo esaziwayo ngoba nje behlulekile ukufudula lomphakathi waseKhenana, eCator Manor ngendluzula. Lomphakathi usuvikelwe incwadi yeNkantolo ePhakeme eThekwini ukuthi ungasuswa ngendluzula. Yingakho umbimbi lababulali likhethe ukusebenzisa isikhali ukuxosha lomphakathi kulomhlaba abafuna ukwakha kuwo izindlu zokwenza inzuzo.