Kuyokweqana izibiba zomthetho ngesoMehluleli Omkhulu
Kuleli sonto uqalelile umshikashika njengoba inhlolokhono ibivezelwa umphakathi kulaba abane abagaqele isikhundla soMehluleli Omkhulu okunguMehluleli Omkhulu Obambile uRaymond Zondo, uMehluleli weNkantolo YoMthethosisekelo uMbuyiseli Madlanga, uMengameli weNkantolo Enkulu Yokudluliswa Kwamacala uMandisa Maya kanye noMengameli Wabehluleli eNkantolo Enkulu yaseGauteng, uDunstan Mlambo.
Lokhu kuzolandelwa yizingxoxo zeJSC okuzobe kungavezelwa umphakathi kusasa. Ukuqulwa kwale nhlolokhono yeJSC kuzoholwa yiPhini Mengameli weNkantolo Ephakeme Yokudluliswa Kwamacala uXola Petse. UZondo noMaya abakwazi ukuba yingxenye yalezi zingxoxo zeJSC njengoba bephinde amagama abo abe sohlwini lwabagaqele lesi sikhundla .
Ukuhlala noma ukuma kweJSC
I-JSC inamalungu angama-23. Kukhona uMehluleli Omkhulu ophethe imihlangano yeJSC, uMengameli weNkantolo Enkulu Yokwedluliswa Kwamacala, oyedwa oqokwe uMengameli waBehluleli kanye nongqongqoshe weKhabhinethi obhekele ukuphathwa koBulungiswa. UNgqongqoshe Wezobulungiswa eNingizimu Afrika uRonald Lamola osekulesi sikhundla kusukela ngowezi-2019. Kukhona futhi abameli ababili abasebenzayo kanye nabameli ababili abasebenzayo abaqokwe ezinhlakeni zabo zomsebenzi futhi baqokwa uMengameli. Omunye uthisha wezomthetho oqokwe ngothisha bezomthetho emaNyuvesi aseNingizimu Afrika naye uyingxenye yeJSC.
Kunamalungu ayisithupha aqokiwe eSishayamthetho Sikazwelonke. Abathathu kubo kumele ngabe baqhamuka emaqenjini aphikisayo. Izithunywa ezine ezivela kuMkhandlu Kazwelonke Wezifundazwe (NCOP) zisekelwa okungenani izifundazwe eziyisithupha nazo zibaliwe. Ukwakheka kweJSC kufaka phakathi abantu abane abaqokwe nguMengameli ngemuva kokubonisana namaqembu ezepolitiki esiGungwini Sikazwelonke.
UMehluleli uRaymond Zondo
UMehluleli uRaymond Mnyamezeli Mlungisi Zondo wazalwa zizi-4 kuNhlaba ngowe-1960 eXobho, KwaZulu-Natal Wenza izifundo zezomthetho eNyuvesi yaseZululand, eNyuvesi yaseNatali manje eseyiNyuvesi yaKwaZulu-Natal kamuva eNyuvesi yaseNingizimu Afrika. Ngemuva kwezifundo zakhe, uZondo wabe eseyonikeza izincwadi ngaphambi kokuba athathwe njengommeli. Wathola imicu yakhe ngokusebenza kumakhomishana ahlukahlukene emibuzo kusukela ekuqaleni kweye-1990. Ngenkathi kufika umbuso wentando yeningi, waqokwa njengelungu leQembu Lokusebenza Longqongqoshe elalibhekele ukuhlela uMthethosivivinywa Wezobudlelwano Babasebenzi weNingizimu Afrika yangemva kobandlululo.
Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, ngowe-1996 waqokwa njengosihlalo wokuqala weGoverning Body yeKhomishana Yokubuyisana, Ukuxazulula Nokwahlulela (CCMA). Ngemuva kwalokho , uZondo udlulela ezikhundleni eziphezulu zezobulungiswa. Ngowe-1997, uMehluleli uZondo waqokwa njengoMehluleli Obambile weNkantolo Yezabasebenzi. Futhi ngowezi-2000 waba nguMengameli waBehluleli eNkantolo Yokudluliswa Kwamacala Kwezabasebenzi. Ngesikhathi esenguMengameli waBehluleli, uJustice uZondo wasebenza emakomitini esikhashana ahlukahlukene. Ngemva kokuqeda ihlandla lakhe lokuba nguMengameli waBehluleli ngowezi-2010, wabuyela oPhikweni lwaseNyakatho Gauteng lweNkantolo Ephakeme. Uphinde wasebenza njengeBamba Mehluleli eNkantolo YoMthethosisekelo kwaze kwaba ngowezi-2012. Ngawo lowo nyaka, uZondo wenyukela esikhundleni sokuba nguMehluleli weNkantolo YoMthethosisekelo.
NgoNhlangulana wezi-2017, uMehluleli uZondo wayezobamba isikhundla sesibili esinamandla kwezobulungiswa eRiphabhulikhi yaseNingizimu Afrika, ngemva kokukhethwa njengePhini Mehluleli Omkhulu ngaphansi kokuphatha kukaMengameli wangaphambili uJacob Zuma ngemva kokuthatha umhlalaphansi kukaDikgang Moseneke. Yize uZondo ejabulela umsebenzi oncomekayo kwezobulungiswa, ufakwe esibhakeleni ngemuva kokuqokwa njengoSihlalo weKhomishana yokuphenya ngokugwamandwa kwamandla ombuso ephenya ngezinsolo zenkohlakalo.
Nokho, umsebenzi wakhe phakathi nophenyo wabonakala ungomunye wenselele kakhulu. Nokho, okugqame kakhulu kuKhomishini, mhlawumbe kwaba ukugwetshwa kowayenguMengameli uJacob Zuma. UZuma ugwetshwe izinyanga ezili-15 ebhadla ejele ngemuva kokuthi iNkantolo YoMthethosisekelo ithole ukuthi udelela iNkantolo.
UMehluleli uMandisa Maya
UMengameli weNkantolo Enkulu Yokudluliswa Kwamacala (SCA) uMandisa Maya ungomunye wabane abangenele ukhetho lokuba yiNhloko yaBehluleli elandelayo ezweni. UMaya uyena yedwa wesifazane ongenele lesi sikhundla kanti uma eqokwa uzoba ngowesifazane wokuqala ukuphatha leli hhovisi. Ubengomunye wabehluleli besifazane wokuqala eNkantolo Enkulu yaseMpumalanga Kapa, owaba ngowesifazane wokuqala woHlanga eNkantolo Enkulu Yokudluliswa Kwamacala kanye nowesifazane wokuqala oyiPhini likaMengameli. Kamuva, waba uMengameli wokuqala wesifazane weSCA. Uma eqokwa njengoMehluleli Oyinhloko wezwe, uzophinde abe ngowesifazane wokuqala kulesi sikhundla.
UMehluleli uMaya wazalwa ngowe-1964 e-Eastern Cape. Usebenze njengotolika wenkantolo kanye nomshushisi ngaphambi kokujoyina iWomen’s Legal Defense eWashington DC. Njengoba izwe lingena entandweni yeningi, uMaya wasebenza njengomphenyi weKhomishini Yokhetho Ezimele. Wabe esesebenza njengommeli ngaphambi kokuba abe nguMehluleli eNkantolo Ephakeme. UMaya wabe esedlulela ezigabeni zokudlulisa amacala wabe esesebenza naseNkantolo YoMthethosisekelo. Ephethe iNkantolo Ephakeme Yokudluliswa Kwamacala, usephendule inkantolo yokudlulisa amacala yaba enye yezisebenza kahle kakhulu ezweni.
Abanye ezinhlakeni zezomthetho banomuzwa wokuthi lokhu kumenza umuntu ongcono kunawo wonke esikhundleni esilandelayo soMehluleli Omkhulu.
“Asikaze sibe noMehluleli Omkhulu wesifazane. UMaya ubelokhu enza umsebenzi omuhle eSCA abanye bangathi yiminyaka emine kuphela nokuthi iNkantolo ingasizakala ekuzinzeni kwakhe ebuholini kodwa umengameli angase afune ukuba ngowokuqala ukuqoka inhloko yamajaji wesifazane,” kusho uDan Matora, weCASAC, isikhulu socwaningo.
UMehluleli uDustan Mlambo
Ngolwazi lweminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu njengommeli noMehluleli eNingizimu Afrika, uMehluleli uDunstan Mlambo angase abonakale njengofanele ukuba nguMehluleli Omkhulu wakuleli . UMehluleli uMlambo ungumakadebona ohlelweni lwezomthetho lwaseNingizimu Afrika. Kule minyaka engama-30 edlule, uzibonakalise njengegunya lezomthetho futhi njengoSihlalo wangaphambili weLegal Aid South Africa, unolwazi olunzulu lokusungula nokuphatha uhlelo losizo lwezomthetho. UMlambo uchithe isikhathi eside eNkantolo Yezabasebenzi njengeBamba laBehluleli futhi waba nguMengameli waBehluleli.
Ubewugxeka kakhulu umkhuba wokuhwebelana ngamaLabour Broker, ophuca abasebenzi ukuvikelwa komthetho wezabasebenzi. NgoLwezi wezi-2012, uMengameli wangaphambilini uJacob Zuma waqoka uMlambo njengoMengameli waBehluleli eGauteng Division of the High Court. Elinye lamacala kaMlambo agqama kakhulu ngelokubulala lika-Oscar Pistorius ngowezi-2014.
Ngaphandle kokuphikisa kwethimba eliphikisayo enkantolo, uMlambo unqume ukuthi lonke icala lingasakazwa bukhoma nokuthi izingxenye zecala zisakazwe bukhoma kuthelevishini. Izingxenye azivumele ukuthi zisakazwe ngokuzwakalayo kube yizinkulumo zokuvula nezokuvala, ubufakazi bofakazi bombuso abavumayo, isigwebo kanye nokugwetshwa kukaPistorius.
Lesi sinqumo samukelwe ngamalunga emithombo yezindaba yaseNingizimu Afrika, asichaze njengesinqumo esibalulekile esisekela inkululeko yokukhuluma, inkululeko yabezindaba, ubulungiswa obuvulekile kanye nentando yeningi labantu. Ngesikhathi ethatha izintambo njengoMengameli waBehluleli eminyakeni engaphezu kweshumi edlule, uMlambo wafunga ukuthi uzokwenza ngcono ukufinyelela kwezobulungiswa kubo bonke. Uma kwenzeka eqokwa njengeJaji Eliyinhloko, lokhu kungase kube ukugxila kwakhe okuqhubekayo.
UMehluleli uMbuyiseleni Madlanga
UMehluleli weNkantolo YoMthethosisekelo, uMbuyiseli Madlanga, wazalelwa esigodini saseNjijini, ngaphandle kwaseMount Frere, e-Eastern Cape. Eseneminyaka engama-34 ubudala, uMadlanga waqokwa eNkantolo Enkulu yaseMthatha, okwamenza waba ngumehluleli omncane kunabo bonke eNingizimu Afrika ngaleso sikhathi. Uke wabamba izikhundla zokubamba ezinkantolo ezincane ezahlukene. UMehluleli uMadlanga wayengummeli futhi enguKhomishana weJSC ngaphambi kokuba aqokelwe eNkantolo YoMthethosisekelo eminyakeni engaphezu kweyisishiyagalombili edlule. Ngowezi-2011, u-Adv uMadlanga ube ngomunye woKhomishana beJSC, abaxoxisane nowayeqokwe njengoMehluleli Omkhulu, uMogoeng Mogoeng eKapa.
Ngesikhathi ehloma uMogoeng ngemibuzo, wakhuluma ngezinto ahlangabezane nazo ngabehluleli abehlukene ngesikhathi evela njengommeli phambi kwawo: “Ngibe nenhlanhla yokuba sesikhundleni sokuvela phambi kwabehluleli abakhulu baphambilini uNgcobo, uLanga noChaskalson. Futhi lapho iseluleko siyobe sethula izimpikiswano phambi kwabo babeyobe behileleka kakhulu. Nginganikeza izibonelo zeNkantolo Enkulu Yokudluliswa Kwamacala, uMengameli uMpati uma engamele naye, umatasatasa futhi lokho kuyiqiniso ngisho nabehluleli bangabehluleli nje abajwayelekile eNkantolo Enkulu Yokwedluliswa Kwamacala, kodwa abengeke’ ngibe ngumehluleli ophezulu esigungwini bese kuba khona umehluleli ophethe. Futhi ulwazi lwami wukuthi bayahlanganyela impela. Ngike ngavela izikhathi ezimbili noma ezimbili eNkantolo YoMthethosisekelo ngemva kokuqokwa kwakho kuleyo nkantolo. Futhi ngalezo zikhathi ezimbalwa, angikhumbuli usho lutho phakathi nengxabano.”
Selokhu aqokwa njengobulungiswa eNkantolo YoMthethosisekelo ngowezi-2013, uMadlanga wethula izinqumo eziyingqopha-mlando ezadinga iPhalamende ukuthi ichitshiyelwe lo mthetho. Ngo-2016, uJustice Madlanga wethula isinqumo lapho amemezela khona ukuthi iSigaba 11 soMthetho Wamandla, Amalungelo, Nokuvikeleka Kwephalamende kanye Nezishayamthetho Zezifundazwe ukuthi asihambisani noMthethosisekelo.
Lokhu, ngemuva kokuthi iDA iphonsele inselelo ngempumelelo iSigaba 11 soMthethosisekelo. Isinqumo senkantolo sigqugquzelwe ukukhishwa kwamalungu ePhalamende e-Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) ngombutho wezokuvikela egunjini lePhalamende ngesikhathi uMengameli Jacob Zuma ethula inkulumo yesizwe ngoFebhuwari 12, 2015. Isigaba 11 soMthetho sabeka isisekelo sokuboshwa kwalaba. noma ukususwa komuntu, obangela ukuphazamiseka. Kodwa, lesi sigatshana soMthetho akucaci ukuthi ukususwa komuntu kuhlanganisa namalungu ePhalamende.
Inkantolo imemezele ukuthi amalungu ePhalamende angeke asuswe noma aboshwe ngamaphoyisa ngokudala uthuthuva ezindlini ngenxa yokusebenzisa inkululeko yokukhuluma. Lokhu bekungamazwi kaMadlanga ngesikhathi ethula isinqumo sakhe: “NgokoMthetho wokubangela noma ukubamba iqhaza esiphithiphithini kuyicala okumele amalungu aboshwe ngalo ngokweSigaba 11. Impela usongo lokuboshwa ngecala lobugebengu ngakho konke lokho angavela angakwazi ukuvimbela inkulumo ekhululekile ephalamende. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, inengi liphetha ngokuthi nxa umuntu oseSigabeni 11 egoqela amalunga lokho kuyabe kuncitsha ilungelo lephalamende lokukhuluma ngokukhululeka.
Lo mkhawulo ungqubuzana nesimiso somthethosisekelo sokuthi inkululeko yokukhuluma ingase ibe ngaphansi kwemithetho nemiyalelo kuphela. Umbuzo uthi ngabe umuntu oseSigabeni 11 uhlanganisa namalunga? Iningi lesahlulelo libona ukuthi kuso sonke isenzo abantu bahlanganisa amalungu ngokungafanele. Uma kuhunyushwa ngokwengqikithi nangokwenhloso, umuntu osesigabeni uhlanganisa namaLungu ePhalamende. Isinqumo seningi sithi ukushiywa kwamagama ngaphandle kwelungu ngemuva kwegama elithi umuntu esigabeni 11 akuhambisani noMthethosisekelo.”
Kulandela umphumela wesinqumo senkantolo ngeSigaba 11 soMthetho, uMthetho kanye nayo yonke imithetho yePhalamende yazo zombili iziNdlu kwadingeka ukuba uchitshiyelwe. Esinye isahlulelo esiyingqophamlando naso esakhishwa uMadlanga, esiphathelene noMthetho Wokhetho. eyehluleka ukuphasisa umthethosisekelo.
Lo Mthetho wamenyezelwa ukuthi awuhambisani nomthethosisekelo wokungahlinzekeli abantu abazimele ukuthi bangenele ukhetho lukazwelonke nolwezifundazwe. UMadlanga ukhiphe lesi sinqumo ngoNhlangulana wezi-2020 wayalela ukuthi lo mthetho ulungiswe ngoJuni nonyaka.
“Kumenyezelwa ukuthi uMthetho Wokhetho onguNombolo 73 we-1998 awuhambisani noMthethosisekelo kangangokuthi udinga ukuthi abantu abadala bakhethelwe eSishayamthetho Sikazwelonke naseziShayamthetho zezifundazwe kuphela ngobulungu bamaqembu epolitiki. Ukumenyezelwa kokuphambana nomthethosisekelo kungenzeka kusukela ngosuku lwalo myalelo, kodwa ukusebenza kwawo kumiswe izinyanga ezingama-24 ukuze iPhalamende likwazi ukulungisa iphutha elibangele ukungqubuzana noMthethosisekelo.”
