UNdunankulu wase-Ethiopia uzalezwe yinja endlini
“Umgodi ozombiwa uzojula kakhulu, kuzoba yilapho singcwaba khona isitha, hhayi lapho i-Ethiopia ihlakazeka khona. Lesi sitha sizosingcwaba ngegazi namathambo ethu bese sikwazi ukuphinda siphakamise inkazimulo yase-Ethiopia.”
Lawa ngamazwi aphinyiswe uNdunankulu u-Abiy Ahmed wase-Ethiopia enkulumweni ayethule zi-3 kuLwezi neqondane nonyaka wokuqala kwaqubuka impi yombango phakathi kwaHulumeni awuholayo neqembu okuthiwa lavukela umbuso iTigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF). La mazwi, nanyantisa igazi akukholakali ukuthi akhulunywe ngumholi wezwe elibaluleke ngendlela eyisimanga emlandweni, nobunjalo bama Afrika. Okungeke kuthandabuzwe, emveni kwale nkulumo, ngukuthi uNdunankulu akazimisele nakancane ukuthola isisombululo kweyase-Ethiopia esingafaki impi, nokuyinto okumele siyeshwame njengama-Afrika, njengoba kunezinhlelo eziningi emazweni ehlukene zokuqinisa imigudu yokuqeda izimpi kuleli zwekazi.
Emveni kokwenza le nkulumo, kumele izinhlaka ezikhona ezwenikazi, ezifana ne-African Union (AU) kanye nezinye zimkhumbuze oka-Ahmed ukuthi nyakenye mhlazane kuqala lolu dweshu e-Ethiopia wafunga wagomela ukuthi le mpi uzoyiqeda kungakapheli izinyanga ezi-3 ngoba uHulumeni awuholayo uzobe ubhekene nezigcwelegcwele ezingelutho. Ngaleso sikhathi kweminye yemibhalo kulo leli laboHlanga senza isexwayiso sokuthi u-Abiy uqala unakane angazi ukuthi wolicima kanjani, noma ngani. Lokhu sakusho ngoba kwazeka ukuthi iTPLF yiyo eyabe ingumgogodla wezempi e-Ethiopia, saphinde sakuveza ukuthi yiyo eyadidiyela amaqembu ehlukene ezweni eminyakeni yangaphambili – agcina esengumfelandawonye i-Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) nakwazi ukuqumba phansi uHulumeni owawuholwa untamo iqinile nowawubizwa ngeDerg, uMengistu Haile Mariam.
Njengoba sekuphele unyaka – hhayi izinyanga ezi-3 – isabambene phezulu, kuyacaca ukuthi oka-Ahmed wageja umgodi impela mhlazane ethi iTPLF umlilo wamaphepha.
Kwezakamuva, uNdunankulu wenze le nkulumo ngesikhathi izidlamlilo zeTPLF, nesezisekwa ngeze-Oromo Liberation Army (OLA), kuvela imbiko ethi sezisemasangweni akomkhulu iNhlokodolobha i-Addis Ababa. Kukhulunywa nje, la maqembu asezinze edolobheni iKemise elisesifundazweni i-Amhara nelingamakhilomitha angama-325 ukufinyelala eNhlokodolobha i-Addis Ababa.
Isitatimende esikhishwe abaholi beTPLF, ngesikhathi oka-Ahmed enza inkulumo yakhe sikubeke kwacaca ukuthi abazimisele nakancane ukugoba uphondo, saphinde saveza nokuthi uma itulo labo kwabe kungukuvika isifundazwe iTigray mhlazane le mpi iqala nyakenye, manje sebephokophelele ukuphinda abayeya phambilini, ngokuqumba phansi umbuso ohlezi e-Addis Ababa. Kulesi sitatimende iTPLF ithe: “Asinanhloso yokuchitha igazi lezakhamuzi ezingenacala. Uma kungenzeka, siyafisa ukuthi lesimo esikhona siphethe ngokuthula.” Noma yenze lesi sitatimende, abalandelisisa okwenzekayo e-Ethiopia abaphambuki uma bethi la maqembu awasazimisele ukuxoxa, kodwa asebenzisa leli thuba ukuyicija ukuze ayiphake kahle eya e-Addis Ababa.
Kunokuba uHulumeni ka-Abiy uthathe isimo njengesikhombisa ukubaluleka kokuthi kuboniswane, uqome ukubeka isimo esibucayi sezinyanga eziyisithupha. Lesi simo esibucayi esesimisiwe siza nokuningi, okufaka ukuphoqa izakhamuzi ezisavunywa yiminyaka ukuthi ziqeqeshwe futhi zibe yingxenye yezempi. Lesi sinqumo siphinde sigunyaze iziphathimandla ukuthi zifake ozankosi ngokungenasinekelo noma ubani osolwa ngokusebenzisana nokweseka amaqembu okuthiwa avukela umbuso, nokufakwa kuwo iTPLF. Kuzokhunjulwa ukuthi kuNhlaba nonyaka, iTPLF yafakwa ohlwini lukaHulumeni lwamaqembu angabavukelimbuso, ngakho ke abangamalungu ayo, bangaboshwa noma kanjani.
Umthelela omubi ngalesinqumo kube ukuthi izakhamuzi ezingamaTigray ngobuzwe bazo, noma zingeyona ingxenye noma amalungu ETPLF zizithole zihlezi ngaphansi kwengcindezi kwizifundazwe ezithize e-Ethiophia, nokuyinto esidunge kakhulu imimoya phakathi kwezizwe ezehlukene.
Kulo leli sonto, inhlangano yomhlaba ebhekelela ezokuphathwa kwamalungelo abantu, i-Office United of the Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) ishicilele umbiko wayo wophenyo ngezigameko esezenzekile e-Ethiopia mhlazane kuqala le mpi. Lo mbiko we-OHCHR, neyawenza ibambisene ne-Ethiopian Human Rights Commission (EHRC), udalule izehlakalo eziningi zokuxhashazwa kwezakhamuzi ngalesi sikhathi nalapho isole izinhlaka zikaHulumeni kanye neTPLF ngokulingana ngokungabhekeleli amalungelo abantu. Okunye okuvelayo ukuthi kule mpi sekufe izinkulungwane zabantu, yaphoqa abangaphezu kwezigidi ezimbili ukuthi bashiye amakhaya abo, futhi yashiya abantu abangama-400,000 eTigray bebhekene nendlala.
Uma isimo sinje sike sifiphalise amathemba okuthi isisombululo esisekwa ukubonisana singaqhamuka. Lokhu kuphinde kudalwe ukuthi imizamo ekhona yokuthi kube nezingxoxo neholwa izinhlaka ezahlukene okubalwa ne-AU, okwamanje ayikakwazi ukukholisa uHulumeni noma iTPLF ngeyokubuyisana. Noma kunjalo, akumele ukuthi lemizamo ipheze ngoba ekugcineni kofika isikhathi lapho izizwe namaqembu ehlukene e-Ethiopia komele akwazi ukubambisana ukuze kwakheke ukubuyisana ezweni. Okubi ukuthi lesi sikhathi sofika ngemuva kwesikhathi eside sobuhlungu.
