Maciko hlomani: Isingene impi yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni
Izinguzunga zamaqhwa ziyancibilika, amazinga olwandle ayakhuphuka namagesi ashisisa umhlaba alokhu eqhubeke njalo nokusabalala ezweni nokubeka umhlaba kwenkulu ingcindezi. Okushiwo yizazi zesayensi kucacile – ukufudumala kakhulu komhlaba yinselelo okusasenzima ukuyinqoba kepha okuxakayo ukuthi kungani amaciko engasiboni isidingo sokuthatha ezawo izikhali, abe yingxenye ekuqhamukeni nezisombululo kulempi ebhekene nomhlaba.
Amaciko angabantu abanesiphiwo sokusebenzisa imicabango yawo ukwakha ubuciko ngendlela enobuchule ekwazi ukuxhumana nemizwa yomuntu ngamunye, azindle ngodweshu lwangaphakathi ngakubonile nakuzwile bese ebuyekeza indlela enza ngayo izinto. Lokho yinto esiyidinga kakhulu kunakuqala ngalesi sikhathi lapho ulwazi lusabalele kwezokuxhumana kepha ubuqiniso balo buyingcosana, nabantu bengayigqiziqakala indlela abanukubeza ngayo umhlaba.
Njengoba amazwe esabhekene nempi yokhuvethe, akukho okutheni okwenziwayo ukubhekana nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu nobekulokhu kuyinsumansumane izifundiswa ezikhuluma ngayo, kepha manje esihleli obala emiphakathini yethu.
Ukudembesela kwamaciko ikakhulu emkhakheni wokukhangisa nokuxhumana ekubambeni iqhaza, asebenzise ezawo izikhali, kuyofekethisa yonke imizamo yohulumeni, abamabhizinisi nathi sonke ekuthuthukiseni imiphakathi yethu nokuyiyona ekhahlamezwa kakhulu imiphumela yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu nokulimaza umnotho wayo osemhlabathini nakwimfuyo.
“Sekuyiminyaka eminingi manje kubonakele ukuthi izinga lezolimo ezindaweni zasemakhaya selehle kakhulu. Esinye sezizathu ukuthi isimo sezulu sesiguqukile – into eyenze ukuthi abantu bangakwazi ukutshala ngesikhathi esejwayelekile, kuthi noma sebetshalile ingafiki imvula eyanele ukuthi kukhule okutshaliwe,” kubhala uSolwazi uHamilton Simelane oshicilelweni lwangaphambilini kwelaboHlanga.
Abantu bathintwa ngemizwa ukwedlula izinombolo
Uma amaciko engazinikela ekuvaleni igebe phakathi komkhakha wobuciko kuyona yonke iminxa nokusimamiswa kwempilo yabantu nemvelo, kusukela kwimibungazo, ezemidlalo nemigidi yomculo ephakelwa ngamandla elanga, izinkambo zemidlalo yeshashalazi efundisayo, izigcinamagugu ezizosebenza njengezindawo eziphakela imiphakathi ngamandla elanga, zinkulu izinguquko ezingenzeka.
Ngowezi-2013 kube khona uhlelo obelubizwa ngokuthi i-CHOOSE (Community and Household Options In Choosing Energy Services) nobelugxile ekusebenzisaneni nemiphakathi entulayo ekuqhamukeni namasu okuyihlinzeka ngamandla kagesi isebenzisa izindlela ezonga imvelo.
Lolu hlelo olwaluxhaswe yi-Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership (REEEP) lwalungolwesikhashana luholwa yinhlangano yalapha eNingizimu Afrika i-OneWorld, isebenzisana nethimba lwabacwaningi nososayensi, imiphakathi yase-Eastern Cape kanye neziphathimandla zakwa-IIED, nosolwazi ababeqhamuka kwi-The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI, India).
Yize noma loluhlelo lungaqhubekanga esigabeni esilandelayo ngenxa yokweswela uxhaso olwanele, kepha ososayensi basebenzisa ulwazi abaluthola kulo ekuqhamukeni nohlelo olufanayo naseNigeria. Uma izingcinamagugu zingazinikela ekusebenziseni loluhlelo kanye nolwazi lwawo ekuhleleni imibukiso, kepha yenzelwe emiphakathini ikakhulu leyo entulayo njengendlela yokufundisa nokuletha ulwazi, lokhu kungasimamisa kakhulu imiphakathi ezithuthukisa ngezolimo, kuqubule amasu angasiza izinkampani ezifuna ukuthuthukisa imikhiqizo eziyenzayo evikela imvelo.
Ukudebhesela kukhonga inhlekelele
Sidinga ukunciphisa imikhiqizo elimaza umhlaba, sifundise imiphakathi ngokubaluleka kokuvikela umhlaba kanti umkhakha wezobuciko yiwona okumele usihole kulokhu. Kusukela kuzithuthi zomphakathi, ezikhangisweni esizibhalayo zezimoto, ukuklanywa kwamabhilidi phakathi emadolobheni, ukongiwa kwamanzi kuye emikhiqizweni esiyakhayo ekhipha umusi olulimaza umkhathi nezimboni ezenza indwangu esebenziswa abasiki bengqephu nokunye okuningi.
Njengabantu, sincike kakhulu emvelweni kanti ukushabalala kwayo kuyosho ukushabalala kosikompilo, nokuzoqeda imikhuba namasiko esiwagcinayo njengabantu, imisebenzi yezandla, ulwazi nemigidi yemvelo, amafagugu esizwe, nokunye okuningi. Lena inkinga ethinta usikompilo lwabantu nokuphilisana kwabo nemvelo. Ngakho kubalulekile ukucubungula ulwazi nendlela esilusebenzisa ngayo bese siyaqinisekisa ukuthi bonke abantu bayalulandela lolo lwazi ngoba ngale kwalokho izizukulwane ezizayo azizukuba nendawo ehlanzekile yokuphila.
Amaciko ngokwehluka kwemikhakha, izazi zemvelo, abelaphi bendabuko abasebenzisa amakhambi esintu kumele baqhamuke namasu azoqinisekisa ukunakekelwa kwemvelo. Ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kudalwa izenzo zethu eziyingxubevange. Isisombululo akumele sibe nzima: asinciphise imikhiqizo ekhipha isisi esilimaza umhlaba, sisebenzise leyo ewuvikelayo nengawukhahlamezi bese sifundisa imiphakathi ngokubaluleka kwalokhu.
Izibalo zakamumva ziveze ukuthi sinciphe ngamaphesenti ayi-17 isisi esilimaza umkhathi maphakathi nonyaka ngemva kokuvalelwa kwabantu ngenxa yokhuvethe nokujike kwalimaza ezomnotho.
Ngiyakholelwa kakhulu ekutheni ukunyuka kwamazinga okushisa emhlabeni nokudala ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kuyinkinga esithinta ngqo njengabantu, umnotho wezwe nenhlalakahle yemiphakathi. Ngakho kubalulekile ukusabela, singagcini nje ngokuluyekela kwizifundiswa nososayensi loludaba sengathi inkinga yabo kuphela.
Ngokuhlangana kwamaciko, ososayensi, abaxhumanisi, izazi zamasiko ndawonye kulapho esizokwazi khona ukuqhamuka nesisombululo esinothile ekunqobeni lempi. Kungagcini lapho kepha nababhali, abaculi, izimbongi, abeshashalazi namafilimu nabo balekelele ukuqinisa umyalezo (creative language) ukuze kuxhunyanwe nabantu ngendlela abayijwayele kepha enembayo, ezobenza bathinteke bashintshe nokwenza.