INkantolo YoMthethosisekelo ichithe uMthetho ocwasa abesifazane abagcagcile
Mhla zili-14 kuMbasa wezi-2021 ecaleni eliwu-CCT23/20 [2021] ZACC, iNkantolo YoMthethosisekelo yakhipha isinqumo esicelweni sokuqinisekisa isinqumo seNkantolo Enkulu eThekwini eyathi iSigaba 21(2)(a) seMatrimonial Property Act 88 we-1984 (MPA) asihambisani noMthethosisekelo wezwe futhi asisebenzi kangangokuthi sigcina futhi sibhebhethekisa ukucwaswa okwakhiwa iSigaba 22(6) seBlack Administratin Act 38 we-1927 (BAA) ekutheni imishado yaboHlanga okungenwe kuyona ngaphansi kweBAA ngaphambi kowe-1988 ayinalo ilungelo lokuhlanganiswa kwamafa
Ngowe-1972 uNk u-Agnes Sithole washada noMnu uGideon Sithole. Engazi uNkk wakwaSithole, umshado wabo wangena kaphansi kweMPA engawahlanganisi amafa.
Phakathi kowe-1972 nowe-1985, uNkk wakwaSithole wayehlala ekhaya ekhulisa izingane, eqhubela ibhizinisi lakhe lokudayisa izimpahla zokugqoka ekhaya.
Ngowe-1985 waqashwa njengeMeneja yephrojekthi efemini yobunjiniyela kodwa ebe eqhubeka nebhizinisi lakhe. Imali ayeyithola wayeyisebenzisa ukukhokhela imfundo yezingane zakhe nezindleko zomndeni nekhaya.
Ngowezi-2000 bathenga umuzi owabhaliswa egameni likaMnu uSithole. Ekuhambeni kweminyaka ubudlelwano babo baba bubi kusolwa ukuthi uSithole wabe esesebudlelwaneni bezothando nothile ngaphandle komshado. Kwezinye izikhathi uSithole wayeke asabise ngokuwudayisa umuzi okuyinto uNkk wakwaSithole ayephikisana nayo kepha umyeni wakhe aphikelele.
UNkk wakwaSithole wabe esefaka isicelo eNkantolo yeMantshi ePinetown ekhulekela ukuba ivimbe umyeni wakhe ekudayiseni umuzi. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho athola khona ukuthi ushade ngaphansi kohlelo olungawahlanganisi amafa nokuthi umyeni wakhe akadingi imvume yakhe ukudayisa umuzi.
UNkk wakwaSithole uyilungu elizibophezele lebandla lamaKhatholika elingakugqugquzeli ukwehlukaniswa komshado.
Abamangali okunguNkk wakwaSithole neKhomishini Yokulingana Kobulili bafaka isicelo ngokuhlanganyela eNkantolo Enkulu bethi iZigaba 21(1) nesama-21(2)(a) zeMPA azihambisani noMthethosisekelo futhi azisebenzi.
Babethi abesifazane abangakwazi ukwehlukanisa nabayeni babo noma ukuguqula ukuma kwemishado yabo bazoqhubeka bathwale ubunzima bokucwaswa okudalwa iSigaba 22(6) seBAA.
Babemi kwelokuthi iSigaba 22(6) seBAA sikhiphela ngaphandle abesifazane boHlanga ngokuvumela lokhu ezimweni ezithile, imishado yabo izoba ngaphansi kohlelo lokungawahlanganisi amafa, okuholela ekuphuceni amakhulu ezinkulungwane zabesifazane boHlanga ukuvikeleka okutholakala ohlelweni lomshado oluhlanganisa amafa.
UMthetho Ochitshiyelwe weMarriage and Matrimonial Property wasivala iSigaba 22(6) seBAA kodwa awukuqedanga ukungabhekeleleki kwabesifazane boHlanga abashade ngaphambi kowe-1988 njengoba le mishado ingena ngaphansi kohlelo lokungahlanganiswa kwamafa.
INkantolo Enkulu ikhipha isinqumo yavuna abamangali yathola ukuthi iSigaba 21(2)(a) sehlukanisa abashadile boHlanga abashade ngaphambi kowe-1988 nalabo boHlanga abashade ngemuva kowe-1988
Yama kwelokuthi iSigaba 22(6) seBAA sivumela kuphela aboHlanga abashadile ukuba bangene ngaphansi kohlelo lokuhlanganiswa kwamafa kanti laba abakutholi ukuvikeleka ngokomthetho okutholakala ngaphansi kohlelo oluhlanganisa amafa okutholwa yizo zonke izakhamuzi zaseNingizimu Afrika.
INkantolo Enkulu yaqhuba yathi iSigaba 21(2)(a) sicwasa abesifazane boHlanga abashade ngaphambi kowe-1988.
Yathi lokhu kucwaswa kuphazamisa ukuthokozela amalungelo abesifazane boHlanga eNingizimu Afrika akuMthethosisekelo wezwe njengoba ebaphuca ukuvikeleka okutholakala emshadweni ongaphansi kohlelo oluhlanganisa amafa. INkantolo yathi lokhu kufana nokucwaswa kwabesifazane ngokobulili okuyisikhekhelembana.
Yaqhuba yathi lokhu kubenza bagcine bencike kubayeni babo ngokujwayelekile abalawula ingxenye enkulu yengcebo nempahla yomndeni.
INkantolo yathi iSigaba 21(2)(a) sigcina futhi sibhebhethekise ukucwaswa okwakhiwa yiSigaba 22(6) seBAA.
Yabe isinquma ukuthi iSigaba 21(2) seMPA asihambisani noMthethosisekelo yathi yonke imishado yaboHlanga engaphansi kohlelo lokwehlukaniswa kwamafa ngaphansi kweSiga ba 22(6) seBAA ngaphambi kowe-1988 mayithathwe njengemishado engaphansi kohlelo lokuhlanganiswa kwamafa.
INkantolo YoMthethosisekelo
NaseNkantolo YoMthethosisekelo, abamangali babethi iSigaba 21(2)(a) seMPA asihambisani noMthethosisekelo njengoba sigcina futhi siqhubezela ukucwaswa kwabesifazane boHlanga ngokobuhlanga nangokobulili okwakhiwa iSigaba 22(6) seBAA esesavalwa.
Baqhubeka balwa bethi lokhu kunyathela amalungelo okulingana, esithunzi, lendawo yokuhlala nezempilo. Bethula ukuthi umshado ongaphansi kohlelo lokuhlanganiswa kwamafa uyababhekelela abesifazane.
Baqhuba bathi umyalelo weNkantolo Enkulu kumele uqinisekiswe nokuthi uthinte okwenzeka ngaphambilini.
Ngaphezulu kwalokhu, babekela iNkantolo ukuthi kumele yonke imishado eyangena ngaphansi kohlelo lokuhlukaniswa kwamafa ngaphansi kweSigaba 22(6) seBAA iguqulwe ibe imishado engaphansi kohlelo lokuhlanganiswa kwamafa.
Ummangalelwa wokuqala, uSithole wasiphikisa isicelo sabamangali sokuthi iNkantolo YoMthethosisekelo ifake isitembu isinqumo seNkantolo Enkulu. Wayemi kwelokuthi yena noNkk wakwaSithole banquma ukungena emshadweni ongaphansi kohlelo lokuhlukaniswa kwamafa.
Wathi iNkantolo YoMthethosisekelo mayingasivuni isinqumo sokuthi umshado wabo awuhambisani noMthethosisekelo.
Esinqumweni esakhishwa uMehluleli uZukisa Tshiqi ngokuvumelana noMehluleli Omkhulu uMogoeng Mogoeng, aBehluleli uChris Jafta, uSisi Khampempe, uMbuyiseli Madlanga, uSteven Majiedt, uRammaka Mathopho, uNonkosi Mahlantla, uLeona Theron noMargaret Victor, iNkantolo YoMthethosisekelo yaveza ukuthi incazelo eyodwa engabakhona yokugcina imithetho emidala ecwasayo emithethweni yezwe ukuthi ayibukisiswanga kahle.
“Imiphumela emibi kwaboHlanga eyadalwa imithetho ecwasayo yenza kuphoqe ukuthi imithetho efana nalena isuswe ngokushesha emithethweni yezwe,” kufundeka isinqumo seNkantolo YoMthethosisekelo. Yathola ukuthi iSigaba 21(2)(a) seMatrimonial Property Act yama-88 ye-1984 iyacwasa nokuthi lokho akusekeleki ngaphansi kweSigaba 36 soMthethosisekelo wezwe.
Le Nkantolo yabe isivuna isinqumo seNkantolo Enkulu esithi iSigaba 21(2)(a) seMPA asihambisani noMthethosisekelo futhi asisebenzi kangangokuthi sigcina futhi siqhubezela ukucwaswa okwakhiwa iSigaba 22(6) seBAA ngokuthi aboHlanga abashade ngaphansi kweBAA ngaphambi kowe-1988 bangena ngaphansi kohlelo lokuhlukaniswa kwamafa.
