Ubhekwe ngabomvu umhlangano omkhulu wabaphathi bezwe iChina
Osopolitiki abaphezulu eChina bahlangene eBeijing njengoba kuhlala imihlangano emibili emikhulukazi kwezombusazwe kuleli lizwe nebanjwa njalo ekuqaleni konyaka.
Abaholi abaphambili bezwe baqala ingqungquthela yezinsuku eziyishumi neyizigaba ezimbili eyaziwa ngeTwo Sessions nokuyilapho umhlaba uthola khona ithuba lokubona izinhlelo ezimqoka kubaphathi bezwe.
Le Two Sessions isho ukuhlala kwesigungu esiphezulu seqembu elibusayo nesicebisa uHulumeni iChinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CCPC) kanye neSishayamthetho sezwe iNational People’s Congress (NPC) ukubeka izinhlelo kanye nemigomo elawula ukusebenza kukaHulumeni onyakeni omusha.
Zilinganiselwa ezinkulungwaneni ezinhlanu izithunywa ezizoba ingxenye yezingxoxo ezizocubungula iziphakamiso ezahlukene ziphinde ziphasise imigomo nezinhlelo zikaHulumeni.
Yize isakhona imigomo yokunqanda ukhuvethe, ukubuthana kwazo lezi zithunywa kulindeke ukuthi kuthumele isithombe emazweni omhlaba ukuthi isimo sempilo eChina sesibuyela kwesejwayelekile emva kokuphazanyiswa ilolu bhubhane.
Kulindeleke ukuthi abaholi basebenzise leli thuba ukukhombisa umhlaba ukuthi uhlelo lwayo lokubusa luyasebenza ngokuthi bagqamise impumelelo yaleli lizwe ekulwisaneni nokhuvethe kanye nokuvuselelwa komnotho ngesikhathi amanye amazwe emhlabeni esazabalaza.
Izithunywa zizodingida izinhlelo ezahlukene nezihlanganisa ukhuvethe kanye nezinhlelo zikaHulumeni zokulwisana nalo, ukuvuselelwa komnotho wezwe emva kwalolu bhubhane, ukuqhuba izinhlelo zentuthuko kanye nobudlelwano obuncikinciki phakathi kweChina ne-USA.
Ekuhlaleni kwaso iSishayamthetho (NPC), amalungu aso ayizinkulungwane ezintathu kulindeleke ukuthi aphinde aphasise uhlelo lukaHulumeni lweminyaka emihlanu kusuka ngowezi-2021 kuya kowezi-2025 olukhishwe ngonyaka odlule.
Lolu hlelo oluminyakamihlanu (Five Year Plan), nokungolwe-14, lucaba indlela eyaphambili yaleli lizwe ngokubeka izifiso ezinkulu zikaHulumeni emikhakheni eyahlukene ukusiza ukwakha izwe libe ngelithuthukile ngazo zonke izindlela.
Lo mqulu uthinta imikhakha kusukela ekukhulisweni komnotho kuya emigomeni ethinta isibalo sabantu ezweni, kuya odaba lokuguquka kwesimo sezulu, ithekhinoloji kanye nokuzimela kwezwe kuthekhinoloji.
Lo mhlangano uzobanjwa ngaphansi kwemigomo eqinile yokunqanda isifo ukhuvethe. Nokho, isimo asifani nesangonyaka odlule njengoba iChina isikwazile ukukhalima ukusabalala kwalesi sifo.
Ngokombiko woMnyango weSayensi Nethekhinoloji, indlela iChina elwe ngayo nokhuvethe ibalwe ohlwini lwezinto eziyishumi eziphambili nezizuziwe emkhakheni wezesayensi ngonyaka wezi-2020.
Njengamanje siphansi kakhulu isibalo sabantu abatholakala negciwane kuleli lizwe kanti iningi labo abantu abavela emazweni angaphandle.
Bayishumi nanye abantu abatholwe benokhuvethe eChina, ngokombiko wangoMsombuluko weKhomishini Yezempilo kuzwelonke.
Kanti balinganiselwa ezigidini ezingama-52 abantu asebenikwe imigomo evikela ukuthelekeka ngokhuvethe neyakhiwe izinkampani zaseChina, ngokusho kukaHulumeni.
Balinganiselwa ezi-89 923 abantu asebetholwe benokhuvethe kanti abashonile ngenxa yokugula bayizi-4 636, ngokwezibalo ezikhishwe uHulumeni kusukela lwabikwa okokuqala edolobheni iWuhan ngoZibandlela wezi-2019.
Izinyathelo ezithathwe uHulumeni ukulwisana nokhuvethe, nezilekelelile ukuthi umnotho wezwe usheshe uvulwe, kulindeleke ukuthi zishayelwe ihlombe ziphinde zigqanyiswe njengesibonelo kwamanye amazwe asazabalaza ukukhalima lolu bhubhane.
Umnotho wezwe nawo uzobhekwa kabanzi kulo mhlangano wabaholi bezwe, ikakhulukazi njengoba ukukhula kwawo kuthe ukushayeka ngenxa yesifo ukhuvethe ngonyaka odlule kwaphinde kwaphazamiseka izinhlelo zentuthuko zezwe.
Ngokwezibalo ezikhishiwe ezisemthethweni, umnotho waseChina ukhule ngama-2.3% ngonyaka odlule, kanti iwona wodwa umnotho omkhulukazi okhulile emhlabeni. Izingqapheli zibheke ukuthi leli lizwe liveze amasu okuqinisa ukukhula komnotho ngezinga eliphezulu kusukela kulo nyaka ukuya phambili.
Udaba lwesibalo sabantu eChina nalo kulindeleke ukuthi lube sezithebeni njengoba izibalo ezikhishwe kamumva zikhomba ukuthi siyaqhubeka siyehla isibalo sezingane ezizalwayo kuleli lizwe kanti futhi isibalo sezaguga siphezulu, nokuyinto ebeka engcupheni isibalo sabantu abasebenzayo ezweni.
IChina yaqeda umgomo ovumela ingane eyodwa kuphela emndenini ngowezi-2016, kodwa lokhu kubonakala kungenele ukukhuthaza abantu ukuthi babe nezingane.
Njengamazwe amaningi athuthukile, iChina inenkinga yokuthi abantu babona ukuthi isimo somnotho asibavumeli ukuthi babe nezingane njengoba kubiza ukugadwa kwezingane, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
Ukuxegiswa kwemigomo enqanda ukwanda kwabantu ezweni kuzoba phakathi kwemigomo ezobhekwa izithunywa emhlanganweni.
Phakathi kweziphakamiso ezikhona ileso sokukhuthaza izingane ezintathu ngokwethula imigomo efana nokunakekelwa kwezingane kulabo bazali abasebenzayo.
Kusenjalo, ilungu leNPC uZhu Lieyu (osesithombeni)nongummeli waseGuangzhou uzokwethula isiphakamiso sokuthi iChina ivumele ukuzalela omunye kubantu abathile ngenxa yokwanda kwabantu abangakwazi ukuba nezingane.
Njengamanje akukho emthethweni ukuthi abantu besifazane bathwalele abanye izingane, nokuwumthetho okubikwa ukuthi uhlose ukuvimba ukuxhashazwa kwabesifazane ababuthaka.
Yize umhlangano wabaphathi bezwe ubheka kakhulu imigomo ethinta izindaba zangaphakathi, udaba lobudlelwano phakathi kweChina ne-USA aluzukushaywa indiva.
Abaholi bafuna ukuthi iChina izimele kuthekhinoloji emva kombango wezohwebo ne-USA nalapho izinkampani zaseChina kwezobuchwepheshe zifakwe unswinyo uHulumeni waloyo obenguMengameli uDonald Trump.
IBeijing iyakunaka ukuthi ubudlelwano ne-USA sebuguqukile kusukelwa kwakubuka umbango wezohwebo. Ngasohlangothini lomgomo wezangaphandle, kulindeleke ukuthi umhlangano uqhamuke namasu okulungisa ubudlelwano noHulumeni omusha wase-USA oholwa uMengameli uJoe Biden.
Yize i-USA ibalulekile ezweni iChina ikakhulukazi kwezomnotho kanye nasekuhwebelaneni, iBeijing izophinde ibheke izinhlelo zikuqinisa amaxhama okuxhumana namanye amazwe omhlaba.
Lo nyaka uphinde ubaluleke eChina njengoba iqembu elibusayo iChinese Communist Party lizobe ligubha iminyaka eyikhulu labunjwa ngoNhlangulana.