Usephila ngomusa weHezbollah u-Assad
ISyria iyizwe eseludlele ezintweni eziningi kusukela zili-15 kuNdasa kowezi-2011. Ngalo nyaka abantu abaningi bakuleli lizwe balahlekelwa amakhaya kulandela ukuqubuka kwempi yangaphakathi. Le mpi yaqalwa imibhikisho eyaziwa nge-Arab Spring eyaqala eTunisia.
Iningi lamazwe amaSulumane ahlaselwa yile mibhikisho yokuphuca idlanzana izintambo zombuso ziye eningini. Kuleli lizwe lo mbhikisho wawuqondiswe kuMengameli uBashar al-Assad okusukela ngowezi-2000 ephethe izintambo zombuso ngaphandle kokhetho. Nakho lokhu kubusa kwaba yifa alishiyelwa uyise uHafez al-Assad.
Ababhikishi babefuna kuphele ukushiyelana ngezintambo zombuso kodwa kube khona ukhetho njalo emuva kweminyaka emihlanu. Ngokuthi le mibhikisho yaqala eTunisa, yaya e-Egypt, yalandela ngeLibya ngaphambi kokufika eSyria, u-Assad wahlela ukuyinqanda ngokubopha bonke abazihlobanisa nayo okwaholela ekutheni abathize bathathe izikhali.
Lokhu kuthatha kwabo izikhali kwavunwa izimbangi i-Israel, i-United States of America (USA) neQatar okwadoba iRussia, iTurkey, iHezbollah ne-Iran ukuthi babe sohlangothini luka-Assad. Ukuhlinzekwa kwezikhali zinhlangothi zombili kwaholela ekutheni kube nempi enkulu kuleli lizwe okwaphinde kwabangela ukuthi izwe liklaywe phakathi.
Emuva kokunukwa inhlangano yamazwe omhlaba i-United Nations (UN) ngokusebenzisa izikhali ezingavumelekile, u-Assad wavuma ukuthi kube khona ukhetho. Kulolu khetho iqembu lakhe i-Arab Socialist Ba’ath Party ladla umhlanganiso.
Izinhlaka eziningi okufana ne-USA zenqaba ukuyamukela le miphumela yokhetho okwaholela ekuqaleni phansi kwempi. Kule mpi kwazaleka i-Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) okuyiqembu lamavukelambuso elalifuna ukuhlanganisa leli lizwe ne-Iraq ngaphansi kwenkolo yobuSulumane.
Kunezinsolo zokuthi i-Israel ne-USA babelilekelela leli qembu ngoba befuna kuketulwe u-Assad ababemsola ngokuhlinzeka ngezikhali iHezbollah neHamas ezinjongweni zabo zokuphuca i-Israel umhlaba eyawuhlwitha kubantu basePalestine okumanje basele namaqeqebana omhlaba iGaza neWest Bank. Leli qembu lacishe lamketula u-Assad owayeselahlekelwe ilona lonke izwe esevaleleke e-Aleppo okuyikomkhulu leSyria.
Ngokuthi iTurkey, i-Iran neRussia babesaba ukuthumela umbutho wabo wezempi ukuthi ulwe nalawa mavukelambuso ngenxa yokuthi lokhu kuzokhuthaza i-Israel ne-USA ukuthi yenze okufanayo bese kuphinde kwenzeka lokhu okwenzeka e-Afghanistan okwalishiya linhlakanhlaka leliya lizwe.
Lawa mazwe aseka iHezbollah ngakho konke ekudingayo. Leli qembu nakuba lingelaseLebanon futhi yilo elinamalungu amaningi eSishayamthetho kodwa liphinde libe nowalo umbutho wezempi.
Lo mbutho wakhandelwa izinto ezimbili, ukubuyiswa komhlaba wePalestine owagwamandwa i-Israel nokuvikela ubudlelwano beSyria neLebanon. Leli qembu alivumi ukuhlehla kulokhu nakuba konke kuyiphikisa ngaphandle nasekhaya.
ESyria leli qembu ngokuhlinzekwa ilawa mazwe angenhla ngezidingo lakwazi ukuxosha i-ISIL okumanje igcwele izinkalo laphinde lakwazi ukubuyisa wonke umhlaba uHulumeni waleli lizwe obungasawulawuli.
Lokhu kwachaza ukuthi izifiso ze-USA ne-Israel zokuketula u-Assad aziphumelelanga. Akubangayo lawa mazwe no-Assad ukuthi uhlinzeka iHamas, okuyiqembu elinombutho wezempi olwela ukubuyiswa komhlaba wePalestine, ngezikhali. Kamuva nje, i-Israel iqale phansi empini yayo neHezbollah.
Umbono waleli lizwe ukuthi uma kungase kunqidwe leli qembu amandla, u-Assad angase asale engenamuvikeli okuyobe sekusho ukuphela kwamandla nakuHamas ebahlalise lubhojozi okungangokuthi impi yabo nayo isize yabafakela namehlo eNkantolo YoMhlaba, i-International Criminal Court (ICC), esiphenya ukugasela kwe-Israel ngowezi-2014 eGaza ngenhloso yokuziphendulela kuHamas.
Ngokungangabazeki ukuthi njengengxenye yomkhankaso wokhetho oluzoba zingama-23 kuNdasa, umholi weqembu eliphikisayo e-Israel uBenny Gantz uthi kukhona okusina kuyijeqeza iHezbollah.
