Ukungenelela ngemali emnothweni wezwe
ISIMO sisalokhu simi lubhojozi eNingizimu Afrika. Muva nje, zonke izinkomba ezitshengisa ukuthi izwe liyakhula yini ngokomnotho noma qha, zitshengisa isimo esimazonzo. Imibiko yakamuva ephuma cishe kane ngonyaka yeStatistics South Afrika (StatsSA) isiphinde yabonisa zibalo ezingezinhle neze ngakwezohwebo. Emuva kokuthi uNgqongqoshe Wezezimali Kuzwelonke eneke umbiko enkundleni yokuxoxisana kwabasebenzi bakaHulumeni noMengameli enkundleni iLekgotla umemezele ukuthi iNingizimu Afrika izodinga imali cishe elinganiselwa kuzigidimbili ezingama-R48 (R48 bn). Lesi samba esikhulu kangaka semali, sidingakala ukuze sikwazi ukusiza umnotho waseNingizimu Afrika obonakala uqhubeka nokuntengantenga.
Phela iNingizimu Afrika isalokhu iqhubeka nokuhola amazwe omhlaba ngokuba nezinga eliphezulu kakhulu labantu abangesebenzi. Kunokuthi lehle izinga labangaqashiwe, likhula ngesivinini esikhulu, okwenza ukuthi uMengameli abone kunesidingo sokushesha alungise isimo njengoba kulindelekile.
Ezinye izinto esezibe nomthelela omkhulu ekutheni umnotho untengantenge amanani aphezulu kawoyela adalwa okumanje cishe umphongolo kawoyela oluhlaza usufinyelele ngaphezulu kwama-$80. Ukuntengantenga kwemali yaseNingizimu Afrika, oselokhu ethathile uMengameli uRamaphosa akubonakali kunokululama kwerandi kunalokho lisalokhu lehlelwe ngamandla.
Ukuqhubeka nezingxabano phakathi kwamazwe ayizikhondlakhondla okuyi-USA neChina, lapho alokhu elwe njalo impi yezomnotho. Nalokhu kuqhubekile kwaba nomthelela ongemuhle eNingizimu Afrika. Ngeshwa la mazwe alwa kangaka ayadingana kakhulu. Ukulwa kwawo kucishe kufane nokushudula kwezindlovu kuqothuke utshani, yize nawo elimala. Umthelela wakho konke lokhu usulethele ingcindezi enkulu abantu baseNingizimu Afrika, ikakhulukazi abantu abasha okuyibona abantule kakhulu imisebenzi. Ngisho abasebenzi uqobo okumele izinto abebezithenga ngemali ephansi, sebemelwe ukuthenga ngemalo enkulu. Abanye abathintekayo kakhulu kulokhu yilabo abadla imbuya ngothi, okuyiningi labantu baseNingizimu Afrika. Sike sezwa futhi ngombiko wanyakenye ukuthi eNingizimu Afrika cishe bangaphezulu kwezigidi ezingamashumi amathathu abantu abaphila ngemali engacishe ilinganiswe namarandi alishumi ngosuku, okanti cishe abantu abayizigidi ezilishumi nane balala bengadlile kumbe bengenakho ukudla okulingene.
Okuphinda kube imixhantela yesimo esifana nalesi indlela iNingizimu Afrika ekhulisa ngayo umnotho, okuthe cishe evikini eledlule izinombolo zatshengisa ukwehla kakhulu kwemalimboleko ngama-3.3% emalini mqukuthu eyakhiwa izwe, iGDP. Lokhu kuye kwaphambana nemibono ngezinombolo ebezibekiwe ngaphambilini zama-4.6%. Yingakho nxa ephawula kulokhu uMnu uRamaphosa usheshe waqinisekisa iNingizimu Afrika nabatshalizimali ngokuthi amathonsi nje lawa, kunalokho uzoqinisekisa ukubiza osozimboni ukuthi makube khona ukusebenzisana ekuvikeleni umnotho ngaso lesi sinqumo asithathile sokufaka imali eningi emnothweni.
Phakathi kokunye okuphinde kube imixhantela emibi, esuke ifunzelelwa yisimo esizonzo kwezomnotho ekuhlaleni kuba ukwanda kobugebengu lapho izingane zigcina zizibandakanya nezidakamizwa ezinhlobonhlobo esingabala phakathi kwazo iwunga, icocaine, utshwala nokunye okuphambene nomthetho wezwe. Akungabazeki nokuthi isimo nxa siqhubeka siba nje nezifo uqobo zizokwanda.
Yingakho ngesonto eledlule sibone uMengameli wezwe uRamaphosa ephumela obala enza isimemezelo esizothi sisize isizwe kulolu taku esibhekene nalo. Elandela inhlosongqangi yezezimali ebimenyezelwe uNgqongqoshe Wezezimali Kazwelonke uMhlonishwa uNhlanhla Nene, umemezele imali ezodingwa iNingizimu Afrika ukukwazi ukutakula elakuleli kulolu bishi.
Umbuzo okhona othi lolu xhaso lokufukula umnotho ngale ndlela nxashana luqhathaniswa nezinhlelo ezifanayo esezike zenzeka ngaphambilini. Ingabe luzokwazi yini ukuletha umehluko odingakalayo ekwakhiweni kabusha komnotho nasekuwuvikeleni ukuthi ungawi. Emva nje kancane kokuwa kwezimakethe zomhlaba, ngonyaka wezi-2008/09 sike sabona cishe isimo esithi asifane lapho lowo owabe enguMengameli okwesikhashana uMnu uKgalema Motlante wamemezela ukuthi kunemali engaba izigidigidi ezingama-$69 ezizosetshenziswa ukufukula ingqalasizinda ezweni. Le mali yabe izosiza futhi ekwehliseni izinga labantu abangaqashiwe ababe becishe babe ngama-24%, kanjalo nokukhula komnotho kwabe kulinganiselwa kumaphesenti amane nje vo. Kunokuthi le mali yenze lokhu okwabe kulindelekile, yenza okwehlukile. Namhlanje emuva kweminyaka elishumi kwenzeka lokhu, abantu abangaqashiwe balinganiselwa ema-28%, besekuthi nokukhula komnotho kusezingeni eliphansi ngendlela engakaze ibonwe.
Okunye okuye kwenzeke ukuthi nxashana kukhona isimo esifana nalesi kuyavama ukuthi abatshalizimali bagcine sebebamanqikanqika ekufakeni imali yabo eningi emnothweni ukuze bakwazi ukukhulisa imisebenzi yabo, ngenxa yokuthi kusuke kunongabazane oluhambisana nokudonda kwezwe kwezomnotho okungaziwa ukuthi kuyophela nini.
Izinkomba zezinhla ezahlukile zomnotho zikhomba ukuthi isizinda sezokwakhiwa kwezimpahla esigabeni sesibili sonyaka sehle kakhulu sagcina senze abantu abayizi-105 000 balahlekelwa imisebenzi. Okanti njengoba sike sasho ngaphambilini, ezezimayini zona zihlongoza ukudiliza abasebenzi abazi-13 000 ngonyaka ozayo. Kusuka ngonyaka ngowezi-2005 kuya kowezi-2018, abantu ebekade beqashiwe ezimayini behle kusukela ezi-490 000 bafinyelela ezi-105 000.
Yize abezezinyunyana sebecele uHulumeni ukuthi angenelele ngokusebenzisa imali yabasebenzi egcinwe kwaPublic Investment Corporation (PIC) ngokuthi asize ekwakhiweni kwamathuba emisebenzi. uMengameli wezwe yena ucele ukuthi izimboni kezime kancane ekufuneni ukudiliza abasebenzi.
