Eyobugqila eLibya iyalumela kwaboHlanga
Osekwenzeka kwakungabonwa ngesikhathi sikaMuammar Gaddafi nezinga lobelelesi ezweni laliphansi
IMIBIKO yamaphephandaba ngezehlakalo ezenzeka eLibya zokudayiswa kwabantu abasuka kwamanye amazwe e-Afrika bayokwenziwa izigqila ivule amanxeba amadala. Umlando uqukethe lukhulu mayelana nobudlelwano obabungebuhle neze phakathi kwabangokudabuka e-Afrika kanye nabezizwe, okubalwa kubo ama-Arab, ikakhulukazi labo abazinze e-Afrika eseNyakatho. Kokungabalwa, yindlela ama-Arab aphatha ngayo aboHlanga, ehlanganisa ukubabukela phansi, nokungabathathi njengabantu abanobuntu obugcwele. Lokhu kwenza kubelula ukuthi abangabokudabuka ezwenikazi benziwe izigqila, futhi bahlukunyezwe yilaba bezizwe.
Lesi sehlakalo sokudicilela phansi amalungelo aboHlanga eLibya sivuse umhlwenga kwabaningi; saphinde sagxekwa kakhulu yiziNhlangano ezinjenge-United Nations (UN), African Union (AU), i-European Union (EU), kanye nezinye, ezigcizelele ukuthi akuphele lokhu kuhlukumeza. Lesi simo sigxekwe kakhulu, kodwa ekwenzeni njalo, kukhona okumele kuphawulwe ukuze kuqondwe kahle ukuthi kungani eLibya kunje. Ngobani abasolwayo ngalezi zenzo nokuthi kungagwenywa kanjani ukuthi singalimazi ubudlelwano phakathi kwabendabuko kanye nabezizwe njengama-Arab njengoba buvele buntenga. Lesi sihluku esinjena angeke sehlukaniswe nengxubevange yabavukela umbuso abavela emaqenjini ehlukene abathe chithi saka eLibya.
Ngowezi-2011, i-Afrika yashaywa ngemfe iphindiwe, mhla kuthiwa isenzo sokuhlasela iLibya sasiqonde ukudala ukuthula ezweni. Imibono yangalowo nyaka ikakhulukazi eyayiqhamuka emazweni ase-Afrika, ukuthi impi yombango eyayikhona eLibya ingaxazululwa ngezingxoxo ezazizodala ukubuyisana, azishayangwa ndiva. Amazwe aseNyakatho, ngaphansi kweNhlangano ebizwa ngeNorth Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), awapholisanga maseko ngokuthumela ezempi emuva kokuba i-United Nations Security Council (UNSC) igunyaze ukuba kungenelelwe eLibya. Lokhu kuthula abakhuluma ngakho emuva kweminyaka eyisi-6 yahlaselwa iLibya, kuseyiphupho ezakhamuzini ezabe zithenjiswe nokuthi ukusuka kukaMuammar Gaddafi kodala impilo engcono. Kunokuba iLibya ibe nokuthula emuva kokuqunjwa phansi kombuso kaGaddafi yiNATO, leli lizwe lisalokhu libhekene nobunzima. UHulumeni okhona uswele amandla okulawula izwe lonke; ulwa ngapha nangapha nabavukela umbuso abehlukene, abanye okukhala isicathulo sabo ezifundazweni eziningi ezweni. Yilesi simo esidala ukuthi izitatimende ezikhishwe amazwe ehlukene kanye ne-UN ezithi lo Hulumeni okhona eLibya kumele uyithathele izinyathelo eyokudayiswa kwabantu benziwe izigqila yimbundane.
Ngesikhathi sikaGaddafi okuningi osekubonakala kwenzeka eLibya namuhla kwakungekho noma kwakungavamile. Imibono yehlukene kakhulu ngobuholi bukaGaddafi kodwa okungeke kuphikwe ngukuthi, ngesikhathi sakhe iLibya yayinokuthula. Izinhlelo zikaHulumeni zokubhekela izakhamuzi zazibonakala; zazingekho izigilamkhuba ezisabalele izwe lonke zenza inkohlakalo efana nale eyenziwa yila maqembu akhona namuhla.
Kubili okuke kuxake uma kubukwa isimo esikhona eLibya kusukela ngowezi-2011. Okokuqala, laba abalwa noHulumeni obekiwe ezweni babeyingxenye yamaqembu ayebumbene ekutheni kukhishwe uGaddafi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi babehlanganiswe kuphela yisifiso sokuqumba phansi uHulumeni kaGaddafi. Okwesibili, sekungamazwe aseNyakatho, okubalwa kuwo lawo ayingxenye yeNATO namhlanje asethi kukhona abavukela umbuso eLibya, okumele kuliwe nabo. Kodwa ubufakazi sebuyavela bokuthi yiwo la mazwe eseka abanye bala maqembu adicilela phansi amalungelo aboHlanga.
Yonke imizamo yokudala ukuthula eLibya isibe nhlanga zimuka nomoya. Amazwe ase-Europe njengeFrance, abeke anconywa kulo nyaka ngemizamo yawo, kodwa engasho lutho ngoba akunaHulumeni ohlonishwayo eLibya. Ngalokunye uhlangothi, uMnyango we-African Union (AU), obhekene nokudala uxolo ezwenikazi, iPeace and Security Council (PSC), usalokhu uqhubekile nemizamo yokwakha ukuthula eLibya. Iqhaza elibanjwe ngowayenguMengameli waseTanzania, uJakaya Kikwete, owaqokwa ukuba yiNxusa eLiphezulu le-AU eLibya ibaluleke kakhulu, futhi idinga ukwesekwa.
Namuhla, amazwe aseNyakatho njenge-Italy, akhala ngokuthi uHulumeni okhona eLibya uyehluleka ukuqapha imingcele yawo, okwenza kubelula ukuthi abokudabuka e-Afrika basebenzise leli lizwe ukuze bangene ngokungemthetho e-Europe. Amazwe ase-Europe akhalela ize ngoba yiwo adala isimo lapho kukhona uHulumeni eLibya ongakwazi ukuvikela imingcele yawo. Ngamanye amazwi, isikhuni sibuya nomkhwezeli. La mazwe ase-Europe aphinde agxile kakhulu ekutheni iLibya isiyisizinda sabavikelimbuso kanye nezikhohlakali ezihweba ngabantu okumele kuliwe nazo, kodwa bakhohlwe ukuthi yibo abadedela inkundla ngowezi-2011, mhla bevuna amaqembu athize ukuze kukhiswe uGaddafi.
Okokugcina okungagcizelelwa ukuthi oHulumeni base-Afrika, kumele kube yibo abazibuza ukuthi, yini lena abehluleka ukuyenza egcina isiphoqa abangabokudabuka ezwenikazi badele impilo yabo ngoba befuna ukuphila kangcono kwamanye amazwe. Lo mbuso awubuzwa ngoba kuthiwa okwenzeka eLibya akumele kugxekwe, kodwa ekugxekweni kwakho kumele kuthi, ngokukhulu ukwethembeka, kubhekisiswe ukuthi umsuka yini.
- UMnu uSenzo Ngubane, uNgoti ozimele kwezocwaningo lokudala ukubuyisana nokuthula ezwenikazi i-Africa.
