Seluyaqina ukhakhayi eNingizimu Afrika
Ngesikhathi elakuleli lamukelwa ngamazwe omhlaba emuva kokuguqa kombuso wobandlululo ngonyaka we-1994 kuningi okwakulindelwe kulo
AMAZWE omhlaba ayengabalingani benhlangano ebusayo ayelindele lukhulu. La mazwe ayese-Afrika, eNtshonalanga kanjalo naseMpumalanga. Lawa ngamazwe ayebhacise abantu bakuleli ababesekudingisweni kanjalo nalawo ayexhasa ngezimali, ukuqeqeshwa kwezempi kanye nangezikhali ngezikhathi zombangazwe. Lesi simo senza elakuleli ligxamalaze nxa sekufika ekwenzeni inqubomgomo yezangaphandle. Ukugxamalaza lokhu kwakwenzelwe ukuba elakuleli likwazi ukuncelisa amawele, ukuze wonke umuntu ename.
Lokhu kwagqama kakhulu ngesikhathi kugcotshwa ngokusemthethweni loyo owanguMengameli wokuqala weNingizimu Afrika eyabe ikhululekile, uMhlonishwa uNelson Mandela. Kwabanjalo nangesikhathi eseguqile. Kule micimbi yomibili izimenywa kwakungabantu noma amazwe ehlukene amanye ayengabhekani kepha aphoqeleka ukuba ahlangane endaweni eyodwa, eNingizimu Afrika. Ngezikhathi zikaMandela ingqubomgomo yayigxile ekwethuleni elaseNingizimu Afrika emazweni omhlaba nasekuqhakambiseni amalungelo esintu. Lokhu kwakumqoka ngoba ngokulekelelwa ngamazwe omhlaba amaqembu ezombangazwe kuleli nabantu baseNingizimu Afrika jikelele bakwazi ukunqoba isiqhwaga, umbuso wobandlululo.
Ekunceliseni amawele sakwazi ukubona uMandela emema futhi exhumana nemihlambi eyalanayo, wahlangana no Mengameli uFidel Castro waseCuba kanye noMengameli uGadaffi waseLibya ababenyamanambana emazweni aseNtshonalanga. Khona lapho uMandela wayidweba wayohlangana neNdlovukazi yamaNgisi ukwenza nje isibonelo. Nembala lokhu kwalisiza elakuleli elalidinga uzinzo, ukubuyisa isithunzi kanye noxhaso njengezwe elabe selizelwe kabusha.
Ukwebuza ekubeni yingxenye yesixuku
Ukuthatha umhlala phansi kukaMandela nokungena kukaMengameli uThabo Mbeki kwaletha izinguquko. Iningi lalezi zinguquko lalidalwa ukuguquguquka kwepolitiki yomhlaba kanjalo nalokho elakuleli elabe lizibona noma lifisa ukubukwa ngalo emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokwabaholi bangaleso sikhathi ngaphansi kukaMengameli uMbeki elakuleli kwakumele libe ‘nobuso’, kucace ukuthi yize lingelomhlaba kepha liyizwe lase-Afrika. Okugqamayo ngesikhathi sikaMbeki wukuthi elakuleli labe selizimisele ukwebuza ekubeni yingxenye yesixuku samazwe omhlaba kepha labe selifuna ukuba ngumholi we-Afrika. Lokhu kwabonakala lapho uMengameli uMbeki eqhamuka nezinhlelo ezifana ne-African Renaissance ezazigqugquzela ubunye kanye nokusebenzisana kwamazwe ase-Afrika.
Umphumela wenqubomgomo kaHulumeni waseNgizimu Afrika ngaphansi kukaMbeki kwaba phakathi kokunye wukwakhiwa kwesikhwama esaziwa ngokuthi yi African Renaissance Fund (ARF) neyakhiwa ngaphansi komthetho i-African Renaissance and International Cooperations Fund Act (umthetho wama-51 wezi-2000) nowawuqeda lowo owawenziwe ngumbuso wobandlululo owawaziwa ngokuthi yiCooperation Loan Fund owawakhiwe ngonyaka we-1968.
Khona lapho kwabunjwa, eThekwini, eNingizimu Afrika, ngonyaka wezi-2002, i-African Union (AU) neyazala iNew Partneship for Africa Development (NEPAD yona eyazala iNEPAD Agency). Lapha iNingizimu Afrika yayithatha indawo yokuba ngumholi, nakhu namuhla iPhalamende lase-Afrika lihlala lapha eMidrand, eGauteng. Ubuholi beNingizimu Afrika kwamazwe ase-Afrika kwabonakala kakhulu ezinhlakeni zamazwe ngamazwe lapho kunezingxoxo khona. Lapha iNingizimu Afrika yayigqugquzela ubunye nenhloso eyodwa. Ngesikhathi sikaMbeki i-Afrika nelakuleli labe lihlonipheka ezinhlakeni ezifana ne-United Nations, nasohlakeni lwamazwe eG20 nezinye izinhlaka ezimqoka. Khona lapho elakuleli laba sekhaleni ezinhlelweni zokubhula imililo emazweni ase-Afrika kanye nasekuxhaseni ngemali nangamagumgedlela konke lokhu ngoba labe selizibuka njengomholi we-Afrika.
Iqoqo labangani abasha
Njengoba kwakunjalo ngesikhathi kuphuma uMandela kungena uMbeki, ukungena kukaMengameli uZuma kwenzeka ngaphansi kwezimo eziguqukayo zepolitiki kanjalo nomnotho wamazwe. Kwenzeka ngesikhathi iChina seyiqala ukundlondlobala kwezomnotho, icela iqhude elaseMelika. Lapha uZuma kwamele akhele kulokho okwabe kukhona kwenziwe nguMandela noMbeki nokubukeka kwaba yinto elula ngoba babevela enhlanganweni eyodwa. Esebenzisa lokho okwakhiwa nguMbeki wakwazi ukwandisa amandla akuleli ezindabeni zase-Afrika ngoba sikhuluma nje uSihlalo we-African Union Commission ngowaseNingizimu Afrika kanti nemihlangano emqoka yamazwe ase-Afrika isenzeka khona kuleli noma kuthi lapho ikwamanye amazwe sizwakale isisindo sakuleli.
Nokho uZuma ube esedlulela kulokho okwenziwa nguMandela wabe eseqoma nje isidana amazwe athize nathi yiwo ayomulwela impi yezomnotho. La mazwe yiBrazil, iRussia, i-India kanye neChina nenza uphahla okuthiwa yiBRICS. Lapha okucacayo wukuthi elakuleli seliyibonile inyathuko engaliweza kwezomnotho. Lokhu kufakazelwa wukuthi nonyaka lihlangene nala mazwe angenhla bethule ibhangemboleko elibizwa ngeNew Development Bank. Leli bhange lincintisana ngqo nezinhlaka ezenza okufanayo eziholwa ngamazwe aseNtshonalanga okuyiWorld Bank ne-International Monetary Fund (IMF).
Konke lokhu kuveza isithombe esehlukile ngeNingizimu Afrika ngaphansi kukaMandela. Leso okwakuyizwe elalincenga ukwamukelwa ngamazwe omhlaba. Lolu fuduko lwaqala ngezikhathi zikaMbeki owafundisa amazwe aseNtshonalanga ukuthi elakuleli akulona udibi kepha yizwe elizimele. OkaMbeki wayenganqeni ukuma athi mpo ephikisana nezikhondlakhondla zamazwe. NakuZuma kubukeka kuyiso sona leso. Uma ulandela lokho akushoyo emhlangamweni we-United Nations lapho athi sesifikile isikhathi sokuthi amazwe ayizikhondlakhondla abukele uguquko lweSecurity Council. Leyo nkulumo nezinye eziningi zikhomba ukuthi elakuleli seliqine ukhakhayi, selihwebelana namazwe hhayi ngoba liyizicelankobe kepha ngoba kungabalingani abayozuza ngokulinganayo ezivumelwaneni ezikhona.