I-MPLA iseyithemba elikhulu kwezepolitiki e-Angola
Leli ngelinye lamazwe elalingene lagamanxa ezindabeni zaseNingizimu Afrika ngesikhathi sobandlululo. Amasosha akuleli ayenezinkambi e-Angola ayehambisana nomkhuzi wamasosha uJonas Savimbi owayengumholi we-Uniao d Nacional para a Indenpencia Total de Angola (UNITA). Iqembu elibusayo iMovimento Popular d Libertacao de Angola (MPLA) lalivikela izinkambi zamasosha oMkhonto Wesizwe neminye imibutho eyayilwela inkululeko yamazwe eyayisekubhaceni e-Angola. Maningi amasosha oMkhonto asala enkundleni amanye amathuna awo awaziwa, kanti neSADF baningi abayo ababulawa ngokulalelwa unyendle.
Ngaphandle kokhetho oluzobanjwa kulo nyaka e-Angola kuningi okunye okubhekiwe okuzokwenzeka nonyaka. Okubhekwe kakhulu ukudayiswa kweZinkampani zikaHulumeni ezili-139 okubhekwe ukuthi izinhlelo zokudayiswa kwazo ziphothulwe kungekudala. UMengameli wase-Angola uJoao Lourenco (owaziwa ngelikaJLo) kubhekeke ukuba okhethweni ancintisane nembangi yakhe enkulu yeqembu eliphikisayo u-Adalberto Costa Junior. Wangena emandleni ngonyaka wezi-2017 eqokwa ngowayenguMengameli iminyaka engaphezulu kwama-30 uJose Eduardo dos Santos. Sekungumlando ukuthi kwathi emuva kwesikhathi wamjikela njengotshwala esiswini. Waqala umkhankaso omkhulu wokulwa nenkohlakalo nokuqashana ngobuhlobo okuyinto eyeyidla lubi ngaphansi kukaDos Santos.
Njengamazwe amaningi ase-Afika eseningizimu ne-Angola isenkingeni kwezomnotho. Izinhlangano eziphikisayo zezepolitiki nezomphakathi azilinike thuba iqembu elibusayo iMovimento Popular de Libertacao de Angola (MPLA) noHulumeni. Into anconywa ngayo uLourenco ukunika abezindaba ilungelo lokubika ngokukhululeka okuyinto ebingaziwa kuleliya lizwe. Izingqapheli zibona ukhetho lwalo nyaka kuzoba ngolukhululekile, futhi okungase kugqame namaqembu amaningi amasha. Abantu base-Angola babheke kakhulu ukuthi uLourenco uzozibophezela kanjani ezinguqukweni azimisele ngokuzenza ngaphambi kokhetho. Ngasekupheleni konyaka odlule kube nokhukhulelangoqo wemashi nemibhikisho kwabaphikisana nezinguquko ohlelweni lokubalwa kwamavoti. Amavoti kuthiwa asezobalwa ezingeni likazwelonke, hhayi ngokwezifunda okuyinto ababona ukuthi izokwandisa inkohlakalo nomkhonyovu. Iqembu elikhulu kwaphikisayo i-Uniao Nacional para a Indenpendencia Total de Angola (UNITA) liphakamisa ukuthi kusetshenziswe ibiometrics nezinye izinsiza ukukala ukuthi ukhetho lukhululeke kangakanani.
Kukhona abamgxekayo
Abangahambisani naye bathi inqubomgomo yakhe ikhetha amabala. Baphinde bamgxeke ngokuthi umkhankaso wakhe wokulwa nenkohlakalo ugxile kuphela emndenini wakwaDos Santos nabasondelene nawo. OwayeyiSekela likaMengameli uManuel Vicente uke waphenywa kabanzi ngenkohlakalo ePortugal, kodwa njengoba edla ngagqoko lunye noLourenco, akakaze ashushiswe noma alandelelwe njengba kwenzeka kwabakwaDos Santos. Kukhona nokukhuluma okuthi uHulumeni wakhe uvumele abantu ukuthi bamashe babhikishe ngokukhululeka, kodwa okuthi uma imibhikisho isiqala ukuqina abantu bashaywe, kusetsheniswe nesihluku. Namanje indodakazi yakhe u-Isabel isaphuma ingena ezinkantolo.
NgoNtulikazi wezi-2021 inkantolo yaphesheya kwezilwandle iNederlandsArbitrage Instituut, esebenzisana neNkantolo Yomhlaba, i-International Court of Arbitration, yakhipha isinqumo okwakumele kukhokhelwe inkampani yawoyela iSonangol ingxenye engama-6% ayithatha enkampanini iGalp Energia. Kade ephenywa e-Angola nasePortugal kusuka kwakhishwa umbiko owaziwa ngokuthi iLuanda Leaks owawukhuluma ngamabhizinisi akhe ngonyaka wezi-2020. Kusuka aphuma esikhundleni uDos Santos ubehlala eSpain, uze wabuya ngoMandulo wangonyaka odlule okuyinto ebonakale yehlisa amaphaphui kwabaningi. Umkhankaso kaMengameli uLourenco wokulwa nobandlululo usuhlukanise phakathi amalungu eMPLA okukhona ahambisana naye nawasohlangothini lukaDos Santos.
IMPLA iseyithemba kubantu naphezu kokuba izinto zingahambi kahle ngaphakathi eqenjini, kodwa kwabaningi leli kuseyilona iqembu eliyintandokazi. Yilona qembu elinamandla okusebenzisa ezobunhloli nezinkantolo ukulwa nezimbangi zayo. Okhethweni lwangowezi-2017 iMPLA yanqoba ngamavoti angama-61.1%, ishiyela kude i-UNITA ngama-26.7%. NgoZibandlela wangonyaka odlule leli qembu libambe ingqungquthela nalapho kugqame khona ukwahlukana nakuba izinsika zalo bezizama ngazo zonke izindlela ukuthi kungaveli obala.
NgoMfumfu wezi-2021 uCosta Junior waqokwa njengomholi omusha weFrente Patriotica Unida okungumfelandawonye wamaqembu aphikisayo okukhona kuwo i-UNITA ne PRA-JA Servir Angola kanye neBloco Democratico. Esajabulela ukuqokwa wahlangabezana nezinkinga ngesikhathi inkantolo ichitha ukunqoba kakhe njengomholi we-UNITA okwenzeka engqungqutheleni yowezi-2019. Esinqumweni sayo inkantolo yaveza ukuthi ingqungquthela yephula imithetho nenqubomgomo futhi uJunior akazange akuveze kusenesikhathi ukuthi unobuzwe basePortugal. Ne-Angola ayisalanga ngaphandle emzweni akhahlamezekile emhlabeni ngenxa yokhuvethe. Okunye okubuye kwalimaza kakhulu leli lizwe ukwehla kwentengo kawoyela. Ngonyaka wezi-2021 kuohinde kwaba nenzikamnotho obese kungeyesithupha. Izinga labantu abangasebenzi liphezulu nobubha budlangile. Uma ezimisele ngokuhumelela nokuthatha elinye ihlandla, kumele anyuse amasokisi aphuthumise izinguquko zakhe kusuka ekudayisweni kwezinkampani zikahulumeni.
Ukuba ngumlamuli ezwenikazi ngasekuxhumaneni namanye amazwe ezwenikazi, uLourenco ubonakala eqinisa ubudlelwane namazwe akuleli kunokuthembela kakhulu eChina. Okunye akwenzile ekwenzeni isiqiniseko sokuthi iChina uyishiya ngaphandle kube ukuqala ubuhlobo ne-United States of America (USA) ne-Europe. Nguye futhi ongumxazululi ekugqubuzaneni okukhona phakathi kweRwanda ne-Uganda. Imizamo yokubuyisana kwala mazwe nokusayina isivumelwano okusingethwe yi-Angola kwenzeka eCentral African Republic (CAR). Ngakolunye uhlangothi ubonakala enokumethemba kakhulu uMengameli waseDemocratic Republic of Congo (DRC) okuyizwe angumakhelwane nalo uFelix Tshisekedi.