AboHlanga eKenya basalila ngamaNkinsimane

Isifunda iKericho eKenya singezinye zezindawo ezinedumela umhlaba wonke ngokuba yisizinda esikhiqiza itiye elihamba phambili neseladuma umhlaba wonke ngokunambitheka kwalo. Ezinye zezinkampani ezinkulu ezikhiqiza itiye ezibandakanya iUnilever Kenya, iJames Finlay neWilliamson Tea zizinze kuso lesifunda. Amatiye ekhethelo akhiqizwa kulesifunda kubalwa iKericho gold, iKetepa Pride, ajike enza lesifunda kube ngesikhulu kunazozonke eAfrika ekukhiqizweni kwe tiye.

Ngaphezu kwalokho iKirecho iphinde yenze iKenya ibe ngumkhiqizi wetiye wesithathu ngobukhulu emhlabeni, ngemuva kwe China ne-India. Yize umhlaba onothile ungevile kuma phesenti ayi-15, ezolimo ziwumgogodla womnotho wase Kenya, nalapho okuthiwa cishe ama-75% abantu bakulelizwe abasebenzayo abaziphilisa ngokulima, besekuthi ezolimo zibe ngumfakisandla wesibili ngobukhulu kwimikhiqizo wasekhaya (Gross Domestic Product). Lokhu kuphinde kwenze ezolimo eKenya – ngocwaningo lwangaphambilini – zifake amaphesenti abalelwa kuma-50 kwi mali engena ngokuhwebelana namanye amazwe. Ngaleyondlela, kulomkhakha wezolimo ukukhiqizwa kwetiye kuneqhaza elikhulu nalapho isifunda iKericho kuyiso esiyisizinda esibalulekile salomkhiqizo.

Kepha obekungadumile noma okungaxoxwa ngumlando walesi sifunda esakhelwe phezu kwechilo lokugwamandwa komhlaba waboHlanga baseKenya, ukubukelwa phansi kwamalungelo, nokuhlukunyezwa okunyantisa igazi okwenziwa amaNgisi ngesikhathi iKenya iyiKoloni le United Kingdom (UK).

Phambilini, lesifunda sabe siwumhlaba wezizwe zaboHlanga okungamaKipsigis namaTalai. Ngonyaka we- 1902, iNgilandi yashicilela umthetho owabizwa nge Crown Lands Ordinance, nowadala ukuthi umhlaba ongama hektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama – 90 uphucwe lezizwe unikezwe izifikanamthwalo oningi lazo lali dabuka e-UK. Ekuhambeni kwesikhathi ngowe – 1919 iNgilande yaphinde yasebenzisa amandla ayo obuKoloni ngokuthi iqhubeke igwamande omunye umhlaba eKericho yawufaka ngaphansi kohlelo olwalubizwa nge British African Disabled Officers Colony, nolwalu bonelela amasotsha amaNgisi ayelimale ngesikhathi seMpi Yokuqala yoMhlaba.

AboHlanga kulomhlaba balahlelwa emgubaneni , ezabelweni ezazingabasizi ngalutho ngaphandle kwesinxephezelo. Kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi izifikanamthwalo zabelwa inono lomhlaba oseKiricho. Baphinde basekwa yi-UK ngezimali nokwabaweza bakwazi ukwenza ingcebo yezizukulwane ngokutshala itiye leli elinedumela umhlaba wonke.

Lo mlando ngalomhlaba nesihluku samaNgisi kuqukethwe kumbiko obalulekile owenziwa mhla zingama-31 kuNhlaba nonyaka. Lombiko udidiyelwe amanxusa aphezulu ayisi-6 ngaphansi kwezinhlaka ze United Nations (UN) ezasungulelwa ukuvikela amalungelo abantu emhlabeni jikelele, nokubalwa kuzo, iNxusa lamalungelo abantu bomdabu (Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples), iNxusa elibhekene nokulwa nobandlululo, ukucwasana ngokobuhlanga nokucwasa kwabokufika (Special Rapportuer on contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerances), kanye neNxusa elibhekela ukuthuthukiswa kweqiniso, ubulungiswa, izinxephezelo nokuqinisekiswa kokungaphindi kwenzeke okubi (Special Rapportuer on the promotion of truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence).

Lenkohlakalo yeNgilande icaciswe bha kulombiko nalapho uthe:

 EKenya, ngesikhathi samakoloni, abomdabu bamaKipsigis namaTalai baseKericho, njengoba kwenzeka kweminye imiphakathi kanye nabantu bomdabu eKenya, kwahlukunyezwa amalungelo abo, njengoku bulawa ngokungemthetho, ukunyukubezwa ngokocansi, ukuphathwa ngendlela engenabuntu nokwehliswa isithunzi, ukuboshwa ngokungafanele, ukufuduswa ngokungafanele nangokuhlukumezeka kwamalungelo obumfihlo, inhlalakahle yemindeni ne mphahla. Ukwephulwa komthetho kufaka nokuzitamuzela kumhlaba wama Kipsigis nama Talai eKericho, owawuthathwa njengokuvundile kakhulu futhi olungele ezolimo. Balinganiselwa kwabangaphezulu kwezi – 500 000 abantu besizwe samaKipsigis namaTalai abathinteka ngesikhathi salezibhicongo.

Inhloso ngqangi

Inhloso yalombiko ukuthi iNgilande kumele yenze ubulungiswa ukulungisa lokho eyakwenza eKenya ikakhulukazi kwizizukulwane zalabo abathintekayo. Ngakho lomsebenzi oyinhlanganisela ngomlando ongemuhle we-UK ubalulekile ngoba uzokwenza kungabi lula ukuthi lelizwe liqhubeke nokungayishayi ndiva izikhalo nezinkulmo zokunxephezelwa osekwaphela iminyaka kukhulunywa yizizukulwane zezisuku. Isibonelo, ngowe-1932 ikhomishini eyasungulelwa ukuphenya ngomhlaba eKenya yaphakamisa ukuba iNgilandi inxephezele lezizwe, kepha lokhu akwenzengaka.

Noma ngabe yaba khona imizamo yokuqinisekisa ukuthi kube khona ubulungiswa emveni kokuthi iKenya isithole inkululeko, kunemidanti ekhona kwezomthetho eyenza kube nzima ukuthi iKenya likwazi ukuphoqa iNgilandi ukuthi inxephezele izisulu ngokuphelele. Noma kunjalo izizukulwane zezisulu azizange ziphele amandla kwimikhankaso yazo njengo kufaka isicelo kwi Khomishani yezoMhlaba eKenya ngowezi 2019.

Lesicelo saphoqa lekhomishani ukuba yamukele ukuthi lezizwe zabe ziyizisulu nokuthi ubulungiswa abukenziwa ngomhlaba wokhokho bazo. Lokhu kwenzeka nje, ikhomishini yezomhlaba eKenya yabe isibhalele iNgilandi ngowezi 2018 inxusa ukuba ize etafuleni lokubonisana nabamele izizukulwane zezisulu ngenhloso yokuthola isixazululo.

INgilandi yashaya phansi ngonyawo yenqaba ukuya etafuleni nokwaba ngesinye sezizathu ezenza kube nocwaningo nokukholakala ukuthi luzofaka ingcindezi. Lo mbiko uphinde unikeze uhulumeni waseKenya ithuba lokuthi weseke izakhamuzi ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuthi lokhu kungacija imikhonto phakathi kwayo neNgilandi.