Abakenzi lutho: Basengula ngomlando nezwekazi i-Afrika
Okwenziwe yiFrance neGermany ngesonto eledlule okuthinta umlando wala mazwe iRwanda neNamibia kumele sikuthathe nje ngokwembula elinye ikhasi kunokuba kuthiwe kuyisiqalo sesahluko esisha kweyobudlelwano. UMengameli waseFrance kanye noHulumeni waseGermany banconywe ngabaningi ngezinyathelo abazithathile ngezigameko zangaphambili ezenzeka eRwanda naseNamibia, nezifaka la mazwe amabili ase-Europe.
UMengameli waseFrance uMnu uMacron nobehambele eRwanda ngesonto eledlule wenze inkulumo nokuthiwa ithinte abaningi mayelana nezigameko ezenzeka ngenkathi yempi yombango kulelizwe ngowe-1994. Ngalowo nyaka, amasotsha aseFrance abe eyingxenye yohlelo lokugcina ukuthula eRwanda ngaphansi kwe-United Nations (UN), kepha isenzo sawo sokungangeneleli ukuze kugwemeke ukubulawa kwabantu abevile kwinkulungwane sisagxekwa nanamuhla. Enkulumweni ayethule eRwanda uMacron ubeke wathi ngalesi siqephu sobudlelwano neRwanda: iFrance ayizange ikuqonde ukuthi ngenkathi izama ukugwema impi yombango empeleni yayimi ngasohlangothini lombuso owawuhlose ukuqothula uhlanga”. Uqhubeke wathi, lokhu eyakwenza iFrance “kusayithwalise ijoka elisindayo”. Baningi abayithakasele le nkulumo nabayithathe njengembula isahluko esisha, nokubalwa uHulumeni noMengameli waseRwanda ogcizelele ukuthi la mazwi kumele athathwe njengabopha amanxeba kwelaseRwanda. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, bakhona uvo lwabo luthi lenkulumo ayithi shu ngoba uMacron akazange alimise ngembaba elithi ‘iyaxolisa iFrance’.
Esingakubalula ukuthi le nkulumo namazwi kaMacron awasondelene nakancane naqala esinye isahluko kubudlelwano obukhona phakathi kweFrance neRwanda. UMacron akuyena uMengameli wokuqala, futhi owokugcina ozothi uma ehambele eRwanda enze inkulumo enjengalena. Ngowezi2010, uMnu uSarkozy owayenguMengameli waseFrance, naye wenza amazwi afana nalawa ngenkathi ehambele eRwanda. Ngowezi-2015, uMnu uHollande naye owayenguMengameli waseFrance, wathatha isinqumo sokuthi imininigwane yangeminyaka yowe-1990 kuya kowe-1994 okubalwa kuyona amaminithi emihlangano eyimfihlo yezokuvikela kanye nemibiko yabeluleki bakaMengameli wangaphambili eFrance uMitterrand emayelana nezigameko zokuqothulwa kohlanga eRwanda ayingabe isagodlwa uHulumeni ngasese. Lapha siveza ukuthi akukho okwehlukile enkulumweni kaMacron, ngaphandle kokuthi naye abalwe njengabanye babaholi baseFrance abasho okuthile ngaleli hlazo kepha kube kungaguquli ubudlelwano phakathi kwala mazwe. Mhlasimbe ngokuhamba kweminyaka sofika isikhathi sokuthi iFrance siyincome, kodwa okwamanje kusekuningi okusamele ikwenze ngomlando, ‘amaphutha’, nobudedendu eyabenza e-Afrika, nesahluleka ukukuvuma. Isibonelo, kuze kube yinamuhla iFrance ayikaze yenze okuthize – ngisho ‘ukuxolisa’ nje okukhombisa ukuzishaya ngezigameko nesihluku eyasikhombisa kumazwe anjenge Algeria mhlazane kuqala impi yenkululeko. Esinye sesigameko nesisanyantisa igazi senzeka ziyi 8 kuNhlaba 1959, lapho amasotsha ase France avulela ngenhlavu kubabhikishi base Algeria nalapho kwashona ababalelwa ezi-45 000. Ayimanga lapho, mhla zili-17 kuMfumfu we-1961, kwaqubuka imibhikisho eFrance yenkululeko ye-Algeria. Nalapho ababhikishi babhekana nezinhlamvu bukhoma esigamekweni esesaziwa ngokuthi yi-1961 Paris Massacre noma yiRiver Seine Crimes lapho kwabulawa khona abayi-1 500, kwaboshwa izinkulungwane, kanti kuthiwa bevile kuma-800 abaduka nezwe. Lawa ngamanye amahlazo abaholi baseFrance abangasondeli kuwo.
KweyaseGermany nesihluku eyasenza kumaHerero eNamibia ngowe-1904, kukhexwe imilomo ngenkathi uHulumeni waleli lizwe udalula ukuthi ‘uzokhokha’ ngemali engacishe ibalelwe kumayuro ayisigidigidi esisodwa (€1.1 Billion). Le mali iyingxenye yezivumelwano esenziwe uHulumeni wase Namiba nowaseGermany. Njengoba kwenzekile kuMacron, sebekhona asebebonge iGermany ngalesi nyathelo, ikakhulukazi ngoba bethi siyahambisana nokuvuma kwalelizwe ukuthi okwenzeka kuma Herero kwabe kunguku ‘qothula uhlanga’.
Baphinde bathakasele ukuthi ingxenye enkulu yalezigidigidi izoya emiklamweni ephathelene nokubuyiselwa komhlaba, ingqalasizinda ezindaweni ezisemakhaya, ukuhlinzekwa ngamanzi kanye nokunye. Kuphinde kube khona ingxenye ezoya ekwakheni ihlangano yokubuyisana phakathi kweGermany neNamibia, nezofaka ukucobelelana ngolwazi phakathi kwentsha yala mazwe, nangezomlando namaciko.
Kodwa bakhona abathi leli akulona nelincane igxathu elizwakalayo – okubalwa izizukulwane nabaholi balezizwe – ngoba, le mali okukhulunywa ngayo incane kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngoba izokhokhwa ngezigaba ezahlukene nezizothatha iminyaka engama-30.
Kepha okubaluleke kunakho konke wukuthi iGermany iphumelele emizamweni yayo yokuthi lesi vumelwano singawathinti noma singawafaki amagama athi “imbuyiselo” noma “isinxephezelo” uma kukhulunywa ngeyaseHerero. Lokhu kwenziwa ngoba iGermany yesaba ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamagama anjengalawo bekungadala noma kwandise amathuba okuthi kuvele izimangalo ezifanayo mayelana nokuhlukunyezwa ezingaqhamuka kwezinye izizwe.
Ngamafuphi, okwamanje, ayikho into okumele iGermany inconyelwe yona, njengayo i-France, yinde indlela okusamele lyihambe ukuze kube nobulungiswa ngesihluku eyasenza kumaHerero.
UMnu Senzo Ngubane, uNgoti kwezocwaningo lokudala ukubuyisana nokuthula ezwenikazi i-Afrika