Ithonya likaMacron lingayisiza yini i-Afrika?
Impela awumbiwa ndawonye! ‘unenhlanhla emangalisayo’ uMengameli uMacron waseFrance ngoba ube ngowokuqala kubaholi base-Europe – ngalesi sikhathi sokhuvethe – ukuba akwazi ukukhipha emazweni abo abaholi abangama-30 base-Afrika ukuba bayombona eFrance.
Lolu hambo lwenzeka nje amazwe omhlaba esabhekene nokhuvethe, nokuyisimo esidala ukuthi imihlangano eminingi ebalulekile ibanjwe ngezindlela ezithize zokuxhumana ukuze kugwenye ukubhebhetheka kwalesi sifo. Kukhulunywa nje, imihlangano eminingi ebalulekile ngezwe i-Afrika, okufana nengqungquthela ye-African Union (AU) yonyaka yabanjwa ngezindlela zokuxhumana. Kepha, kuthe uma uMacron ebiza umhlangano nabaholi base-Afrika, baqoma ukuzidela ngokuthi bahambele eFrance beyohlangana naye. Lokhu kwenza sibuze imibuzo yokuthi, yini lena engaka ebiyodingidwa ebingeke idingidwe ngokulandela eminye yemigomo ebekiwe ngenxa yokhuvethe? Noma lokho obekuyodingidwa kungathiwa ngokubalulekile, bekuzokonakala kuphi ukuba abaholi baphendule ngokuthi lo mhlangano awubanjelwe ‘komkhulu’ e-Addis Ababa, lapho izindaba eziphathelene ne-Afrika okumele ziqale, futhi, ziphele khona?
Lo mhlangano obubanjwe kuleli sonto eFrance, nobubizwe uMacron kuthiwa inhloso yawo bekuwukucubungula izindlela ezingadala ukuthi izwekazi i-Afrika lithole ukusizakala ngesimo esimazonzo ikakhulukazi kwezempilo nezomnotho esidalwe ukuqubuka kokhuvethe. Asiqale ngokuyicasisa – futhi ‘sivumelane’ noMacron – ukuthi impela uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amazwekazi, i-Afrika ithunazeke kakhulu kwezomnotho ngenxa yokhuvethe. Miningi imibiko, nocwaningo osekwenziwe okuqinisekisa lokhu, isibonelo umbiko we-African Development Bank (ADB), oveze ukuthi abantu abangafika ezigidini ezingama-39 abangazithola bebhekene nobubha kulo nyaka, kanti amazwe amaningi ase-Afrika asengcupheni yokuba nezikweletu ngenxa yalolu bhubhane. Yimibiko efana nalena esicabanga ukuthi yiyo eyenze ukuthi isiphetho salo mhlangano ‘sinconywe’ ngabaningi ngoba kuthiwa uphele ‘ngesivumelwano esisha’ (New Deal) phakathi kwamazwe ase-Afrika neFrance, nalapho uMacron ephakamise ukuthi kumele i-Afrika ibhekelelwe ngemali ebalelwa kuzigidididi ezingama-$650, ezotakula leli zwekazi kubunzima elikubo kwezomntotho ngenxa yokhuvethe. Esingakuphawula kulokhu yikuthi ‘leli rekhodi’ siyalazi, futhi sake salizwa kaningi phambilini. Sekwaphela iminyaka izwekazi lethenjiswa izizumbulu kodwa ezingakaze zibonwe, noma kuthiwa zifikile kungabonakali ukuthi zisitakule kuphi kulobu bunzima esibhekene nabo singama-Afrika.
Kuzokhunjulwa ukuthi lo mhlangano ubanjwa nje, kuvele kukhona ukuhilizisana phakathi kwamazwe omhlaba, ikakhulukazi izwekazi i-Afrika ne-Europe ngokumele kwenzeke ukuze amazwe amancane athole amalungelo negunya lokukhiqiza umgomo wokulwa nokhuvethe. Amazwe amaningi ase-Europe, kanye ne-United States of America (USA), ashaya phansi ngonyawo kweyokuxegiswa kwemithetho ekhona mayelana nokusetshenziswa kolwazi nocwaningo ngezempilo, okungenza ukuthi noma yiliphi izwe likwazi ukukhiqiza umgomo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, awase-Afrika, namanye amazwe, akhalazela ukuthi le mithetho ekhona ayinabulungiswa futhi iyinkinga ngoba umhlaba wonke ubhekene nesimo esidinga ukuthi kusindiswe impilo yabantu kunokuba kuvikelwe futhi kwandiswe amathuba okuthi kuhlomule izimboni ezibuya enyakatho okuyizo ezinolwazi, namandla okwenza ucwaningo lokwakha imigomo. Kuthiwa lo mhlangano obizwe uMacron uyidingidile nalena, wase uphetha ngokuthi uMacron azibophezele ekusebenzisaneni namazwe ase-Afrika ukuthola indlela yokuthi le mithetho ixegiswe noma imiswe okwesikhashana. Nalokhu kwenze ukuthi uMacron anconywe kakhulu. Kepha, kubili esingakuphawula ngalesi sigaba salo mhlangano. Okokuqala, lo mhlangano bekungeyona inkundla lapho uMacron obekumele enze isethembiso esifana nalesi. Kunalokho, bekuyobangcono ukuthi lezi ziphakamiso uzenze kuWorld Trade Organisation (WTO), okuyinkundla lapho amazwe omhlaba ethatha khona izinqumo ezithinta eyamalungelo okukhiqiza ulwazi nocwaningo. Kule nkundla yeWTO, kukhulunywa nje, iFrance ingelinye lamazwe elingayivumi eyaphankanyiswa yiNingizimu Afrika ibambisene ne-India yokuthi la malungelo ahoxiswe ngenxa yokhuvethe. Umbuzo-ke uthi, kungabe uMacron ukhombisa ukuthi iFrance seyiguqule umqondo yini ngalo ludaba? Okwesibili, kungenzeka ukuthi uMacron udlala ipolitiki nozakwabo basenyakatho, wase esebenzisa i-Afrika. Lokhu sikusho ngoba, ayikho inkampani yaseFrance esikwaze ukukhiqiza umgomo wokhuvethe osuvunyelwe ukuba uthengiselwe amanye amazwe, okwamanje inkampani iSanofi edabuka kuleli lizwe isaphezu kocwaningo nokuvivinya umgomo othize.
Emveni kokuhambela kwalaba baholi kwelaseFrance, kumele sizibuze ukuthi yimuphi omunye uMengameli wezwe elisenyakatho abazoya ‘ukuyokhonza’ kuye? Kungabe owase-USA noma i-England okanye iRussia? Lokhu sikubuza ngoba kuvamile ukuthi emveni komhlangano ofana nalona kuqale umqhudelwano kwawasenyakatho nalapho abase-Afrika bezophuma bengena behambela eminye mihlangano ebizwa ngabanye nayo eza nezithembiso ezahlukene. Ukube abaholi base-Afrika banentshisekelo yokuguqula eyesimomazwe, neyobudlewane ne-Afrika, ngokubambisana namanye amazwe aseningizimu yomhlaba, isinyathelo sokuqala obekumele basithathe ukuhambela umhlangano wawo wonke amazwe kodwa ongafaki awasenyakatho. Kunezinhlangano ezifana neNon-Aligned Movement (NAM), neG-77 ezasungulelwa ukuqinisa imigogodla yamazwe amancane nokwandisa amathuba okuthi akhulume ngazwi linye ezimweni zokuphathwa komhlaba. Injongo yomhlangano onjengalona esikhuluma ngawo bekuyobe kuwukuqinisa ubudlelwano phakathi kwamazwe ahlezi ngaphansi kwengcindezi yenyakatho bese esho ngazwi linye njengoba ake enza phambilini athi makuguqulwe lobu budlelwane obungenabulungiswa ikakhulukazi ngalesi sikhathi sokhuvethe. Bheka ekhasini-7.
