Uhlobo lokhuvethe lwaseNingizimu Afrika luyingozi enkulu
Ukhuvethe lusaqhubeka nokuba yinkinga enkulu kwezempilo futhi lumise kabi uhlelo lwezempilo ezweni lethu.
Ngalesi sivuvu sesibili sokhuvethe sibona ukwanda okukhulu kokutheleleka nokufa kwabantu. Sibone imindeni ilahlekelwa amalungu elandelana esikhathini esiyizinsuku ezimbalwa.
Izingane eziningi zisale ziyizintandane zishiywa abazali ngenxa yalesi sifo.
Sisaqhubeka sibona zanda izibalo zabathelelekayo. NgoLwesibili zingama-23 kuNhlolanja bebengaphezulu kwezigidi ezili-112 abantu abese bethelelekile emhlabeni kanti bengaphezulu kwezigidi ezi-2.47 abashonile.
ENingizimu Afrika bebengaphezulu kwesigidi esiso-1.5 okuqinisekiswe ukuthi bathelelekile, kwashona abayizi-46 820.
Nakuba isibalo sabantu abathelelekayo nsuku zonke sehla, sisamile kwabayi-1 668 abathelelekayo esikhathini esiyizinsuku eziyisikhombisa.
Ngakho-ke lesi akusona isikhathi sokuyekelela, sisamelwe ukuhlala siqwashile ukuvikela labo abangavikelekile kulesi sifo.
Ayikho indlela engingagcizelela ngayo ukubaluleka kokulandela izindlela zokuzivikela okufanele sonke sizilandele.
Nginesiqiniseko sokuthi abanye benu sebeze bakhathele ukuzwa ngazo kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi asilidedeli ibhola manje.
Ukuqhelelana kwabantu. Hlala ekhaya futhi ugweme ngayo yonke indlela ukuhlangana nabantu ikakhulukazi abagulayo.
Hlala ufake isifonyo ezindaweni ezinabantu.
Hlanza izandla njalo ngensipho nangamanzi noma usebenzise isibulalimagciwane.
Gwema ukuthinta ubuso, ikhala namehlo ngezandla ezingageziwe.
Umsebenzi osuwenziwe
Luningi ucwaningo ohlangothini lwezempilo oselwenziwe ukuthola izindlela zokwelapha abantu abanokhuvethe. Lezi zincwaningo bezibheka izinto eziningi zokulawula:
Ukwelapha: Maningi amakhambi asephenyiwe selokhu kwaqala lolu bhubhane afana nama-antibiotic (Hydrochloroquine, i-Azithromycin), i-antiretroviral (Lopinavir/Ritonavir), i-antiviral (Remdesivir) namanye.
Izincwaningo zokuqala zaveza ukuthi ukusebenzisa zikhuthazimzimba (dexamethasone, prednisone) kuyasiza ukunciphisa isibalo sabantu ababulawa ukhuvethe. Lokhu kwaholela ekutheni kufakwe izikhuthazi emakhambini alabo abasesimweni esimamaphakathi kuya kwesibucayi.
Kokubili iHydrochloroquine neLopinavir akukatholakali ukuthi kunemiphumela engcono kubantu abanokhuvethe ukubelapha nokugwema.
Ukunqanda ukutheleleka kwalabo abahlangane nabanokhuvethe (Postexposure prophylaxis): kunezincwaningo zokuthi kwenziwe lokhu kubantu asebeke basondelana nabanokhuvethe kodwa olungakatholwa kubo. Alikho ikhambi lalokhu elisavunyiwe okwamanje.
Ukugwema: Kuze kube yimanje isiminingi imigomo esilinde ukuhlolwa. Njengamanje ingaphezulu kwama-50 ehlolwayo.
Izindlela zokwenza umgomo
Zintathu izindlela zokwenza umgomo okuwukusebenzisa igciwane noma ibhaktheriya, izingxenye ezivusa amasosha omzimba noma zinto zofuzo.
Indlela yokuqala yokusebenzisa igciwane noma ibhaktheriya ubuchwepheshe obuke basetshenziswa ngempumelelo ukugwema izifo ezifana novendle, isimungumungwane, imump nerubella.
Isifo esithwele igciwane noma ibhaktheriya noma okufana nakho, siyathithibaliswa, sibulawe kusetshenziswa amakhemikhali, ukushisa noma imisebebe okanye esithenwe amandla, siyasetshenziswa ukwenza lolu hlobo lomgomo.
Indlela yesibili isebenzisa ingxenye ethile yegciwane noma ibhaktheriya njengephrotheyni edingwa amasosha omzimba ukubona futhi enze umzimba ukwazi ukubona into enobuthi uma umuntu engenwa yigciwane. Le ndlela isike yasetshenziswa ukwakha imigomo yeTetanus neDiphtheria.
Eyokugcina isebenzisa ingxenye ethile emayelana nofuzo lwegciwane enika imiyalelo kumaphrotheyni athile esifuna amasosha omzimba awabone futhi enze okuthile ngawo.
Le ndlela yintsha kunalezi ezinye. Imigomo emibili yokuqala (Pfizer neModerna) egunyazwe ukusetshenziswa esimweni esibucayi sokhuvethe isebenzisa le ndlela.
Zonke lezi zindlela zontathu sezike zasetshenziswa ukwakha imigomo yokhuvethe okumanje iyakhishwa noma isesigabeni sokuhlolwa.
Imigomo esiphasisiwe iPfizer neModerna esiqalile ukukhishwa ilandelwe owaseRussia iSputnik-V, owaseChina iSinopharm, i-AstraZaneca, iJohnson and Johnson neNovavax.
Umkhankaso wokuthola umgomo ozokwazi ukulwa nobunzima obufike nohlobo olusha lokhuvethe obuhlasele amazwe amaningi ulethe izinselelo ekuhlinzekeni umphakathi ngomgomo ikakhulukazi ezweni lethu.
Uhlobo lokhuvethe oluseNingizimu Afrika lukhombise ubungozi obukhulu okwenza umgomo ebesiwutholile ungakwazi ukubhekana nalo.
Imiphumela yolwazi olwakhishwa emveni kokutheleka kuleli umthamo walo mgomo yakhombisa ukuthi umgomo i-AstraZeneca ngeke ukwazi ukugwema izimo eziphansi neziphakathi zalolu bhubhane.
UHulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika ulihlolile iqhingasu lawo wase uqala ukuhlinzeka izisebenzi zezempilo ngomgomo iJohnson and Johnson.
Lo mgomo ukhombise ukukwazi ukusebenza okungamaphesenti angama-85 ukugwema ukungeniswa esibhedlela nobubanzi bokuzwela kokhuvethe eNingizimu Afrika kanti ali-100 amaphesenti okugwema ukufa.
Lokhu kunika isiqiniseko njengoba ukufa nokugula okunzima ngenxa yokhuvethe kuyizinto esithanda ukuzigwema. Akubanga khona ukukhathazeka ngakwezokuphepha okwahlonzwa ngesikhathi kusenziswa ucwaningo lwalo mgomo.
Okunye okuhle ngawo ukuthi kujovwa kanye ngawo futhi ungagcinwa endaweni enamzinga okushisa asuka kwamabili kuya kwayisi-8 isikhathi okungenani esiyizinyanga ezintathu okwenza kube lula ukusatshalaliswa kwawo kwezinye izindawo.
Umgomo iJohnson and Johnson wagunyazwa ukusetshenziswa esimweni esibucayi yiSAHPRA (South African Health Products Regulatory Authority). Ulwazi oluningi ngokusebenza kahle nokuphepha kwawo luzoqoqwa kubantu abagonywe ngawo kulesi sikhathi ukuze sibe nolwazi lwesikhathi eside ngawo. Ulwazi oluqoqiwe luzophinde lusinike isithombe sokuthi ukuvikeleka ngaphansi kwalo mgomo kungathatha isikhathi esingakanani.
Njengoba kubonakala, muningi umsebenzi osuwenziwe ukunqanda ukubhebhetheka, ukugula nokufa okudalwa yileli gciwane. Siyazizwa izinkulumo ngamathuba esivuvu sesithathu.
Njengoba kufe abantu abaningi kwesesibili, asikwazi ukuba nesinye isivuvu. Kufanele sihlale siqhapile ngezindlela zokuzivikela esaziyo ukuthi ziyasebenza.
Kuze kube sifinyelela ekungathelelekeni koquqaba ngeke sadembesela. Siyethemba ukuthi amakhambi asebenzayo azotholakala ngokushesha nokhuvethe lube yinto esidlule.
