Liyehla inani lezingane ezizalwa eChina
Kuya ngokukhula ukukhathazeka eChina ngesibalo sezingane ezizalwa kuleli lizwe esibonakala sehle njalo minyaka yonke kusukela ngowezi-2016. Leli lizwe, nokuyilona elinabantu abaningi kunawo wonke amazwe emhlabeni, libhalise izingane ezingaphezulu kwezigidi eziyishumi ezizalwe ngonyaka odlule, nokuyisibalo esiphansi kunaleso sangowezi-2019.
Ngokwezibalo ezikhishwe umnyango obhekelele inhlalakahle yabantu, isibalo sezingane ezizalwe ngonyaka odlule sehle ngama-15% kuleso sowezi-2019 esabe singaphezulu kwezigidi eziyishumi nanye. Nokho lesi sibalo akusiso esisemthethweni njengoba singahlanganisi zonke izingane ezizalwe ngowezi-2020. Yize isibalo esisemthethweni kulindeleke ukuthi sikhishwe ngoMbasa, lokhu kwehla sekudale ukukhathazeka ngesibalo sabantu kuleli zwe.
NgoMbasa, iNational Bureau of Statistics kulindeleke ukuthi iphinde ikhiphe imiphumela yohlelo lokubalwa kwabantu okwenziwe ngoLwezi odlule.
Kusukela ngowezi-2016, unyaka iChina eyaqeda ngawo umgomo wengane eyodwa nowaqala ngowe-1979, isibalo sezingane ezizalwayo ngonyaka sibonakala silokhu sehle njalo. Ngowezi-2016 isibalo saba ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezili-17.8, kwathi ngonyaka olandelayo sehla saba yizigidi ezili-17.2.
Izingane ezizalwe ngowezi-2018 zibe yizigidi ezili-15.2 kanti zaphinde zehla kakhulu ngowezi-2019 njengoba zibe yizigidi ezili-14.6.
“Ukwehla kwezinga lezingane ezizalwayo selifikile,” kubhala uJames Liang ongusolwazi wezomnotho ePeking University kublogi yakhe. Uthe kulindelekile ukuthi lehle kakhulu izinga lokuzalwa kwezingane eChina ngoba selwehlile ugqozi lokuba nezingane.
Kwamanye amadolobha nezifunda, izibalo zezingane ezizalwayo ziveza isithombe esithi asifane naleso sikazwelonke. Ezinye zezifunda zibike izibalo ezehle ngaphezulu kwama-30% uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule.
Izibalo ezikhishwe emadolobheni asempumalanga nezwe zikhomba ukuthi behle kakhulu abantwana abazalwe nyakenye ondlule. Lezi zindawo imvamisa ziheha abantu abaningi abafudukela kuzo bethungatha imisebenzi ngenxa yokuthuthuka kwazo.Idolobha iHefei libike abantwana abayizi-79,300 abazalwe ngowezi-2020, nokukhombise ukwehla ngama-23% esibalweni sowezi-2019. Edolobheni iWenzhou isibalo sezingane ezizalwe khona sehle ngama-19%, njengoba zibe yizi-73,230.
Eningizimu nezwe, idolobha iGuangzhou, neliyinhlokodolobha yesifundazwe esiyisizinda sezomnotho iGuangdong, nalo libone isibalo sabantwana abamukelwa emhlabeni sehla kakhulu kunakuqala ngonyaka odlule. Izibalo zikhomba ukuthi babe yizi-195,500 abantwana abazalwe kuleli dolobha ngonyaka wezi-2020, nokukhomba ukwehla ngama-17% esibalweni sangonyaka wezi-2019.
Ngokwabahlaziyi baseChina, lokhu kwehla kwesibalo sezingane ezizalwayo kuleli zwe akumangazi njengoba bebona ukuthi isimo samanje asibakhuthazi abantu ukuthi babe nezingane.
Iningi labantu besifazane sebekhetha ukubeka phambili ukuthuthukisa isimo sabo emsebenzini nasemphakathini kunokuthi bajahe ukuba nezingane. Kwabanye, ukukhulisa izingane kuyabiza.
Umbiko okhishwe iTsinghua University ngonyaka odlule wexwayise ngokuthi ukwehla kwesibalo sabantu nokwanda kwezaguga kungahle kukhubaze izinga lokukhula komnotho njengoba isibalo sabasebenzayo sizokwehla.
Ebhala kulo mbiko, lowo oyinhloko ye-Evergrande Research Institute, uRen Zheping, uphakamise ukuthi iBeijing ibeke umgomo wengane yesithathu ukukhuthaza abantu ukuthi babe nezingane. Ukwehla kwezingane ezizalwayo eChina akusona isithombe esihle kuleli lizwe elinomnotho wesibili omkhulukazi emhlabeni nelisahlela ukuqhubeka nokuthuthuka ngesivinini.
Ukuncipha kwabantu abasha kuleli lizwe kusho ukwehla kwabantu abangaqasheka nokwanda kwesibalo esivele siphezulu sabantu asebekhulile.
Ngokwezibalo zeNational Bureau of Statistics, abantu abaneminyaka engaphezulu kwama-60 bebeyizigidi ezingama-254 ngonyaka wezi-2019, nokusho ukuthi benze ingxenye engama-18% kubantu abayisigidigidi esi-1.4 baseChina.
Kulezi zibalo ezisanda kukhishwa zezingane ezizalwe ngowezi-2020, izingane zabafana zibeyizigidi ezi-5.3, ngesikhathi ezamantombazane zibe yizigidi ezi-4.7. Isibalo sabantu besilisa eChina siphezulu kunesabesifazane, nokuyinto engafani nakwamanye amazwe amaningi asentshonalanga.
Ngowezi-2019 isibalo sabesilisa sesisonke eChina sabe singaphesulu kwezigidi ezingama-725, sedlula esabesifazane ngezigidi ezingama-30.4, ngokusho kweNational Bureau of Statistics.