Iyihlakulile eyayo indima iRwanda, sekubhekwe i-Egypt
INGQUNGQUTHELA ephezulu ye-African Union (AU) yalo nyaka, iphothulwe ngokuthi iRwanda idlulisele isikhundla sokuba ngumengameli wale Nhlangano ku-Egypt. Lena bekuyingqungquthela yama- 32 ye-AU; njengezinye zangaphambili ibanjelwe ukubuyekeza okwenziwe nyakenye, iphinde ize nomhlanhlandlela wezinhlelo zalo nyaka. Ake sibheke igalelo leRwanda ezinhlelweni zanyakenye ze-AU, bese silunguza ekutheni i-Egypt yona iza nani.
Ngenkathi iRwanda ithatha lesi sikhundla nyakenye, uMengameli uKagame wakubeka kwacaca ukuthi kuningi okumele i-AU, ikakhulukazi iKhomishana ezinze e-Addis Ababa, ikuguqule uma ifisa ukufeza intshisekelo nesibophezelo zokuphucula impilo yama-Afrika. Yahola ucwaningo olweza nezincomo ezasekwa ngamazwe amaningi zokuthi kuhlelwe kabusha iKhomishana ye AU. Lezi zincomo zanyakanye zingezinye zezinhlelo ezisohlelweni lokuthi kuqhutshekwe nazo nonyaka.
IRwanda yaphinde yagcizelela ukubalukela kokuthi kube ngamazwe ase-Afrika afaka izimali ukuze kufezeke izinqumo nezinjongo ze-AU. Okwakukhalisa iRwanda kwabe kungukuthi, ukufezeka kwezinhlelo ezikhona kuncike kakhulu ekuxhasweni ngezimali ngamazwe angaphandle, ikakhulukazi awaseNyakatho. Lokhu yakubona kuyichilo kwehlisa isithunzi sama-Afrika, futhi kungesinye sezizathu ezidala ukuthi i-AU yehluleke ukumelana nezingqinamba zangempela, kunalokho izithole igqamisa izifiso zabaseNyakatho.
Yingakho iRwanda yeza nesincomo, naso esasekwa, sokuthi izwe nezwe e-Afrika libe nengxenye yenzuzo eliyitholayo kwezohwebo ebekelwa ukuthi ingene esikhwameni se-AU. Lesi sinyathelo, esanconywa ngabaningi, sesidale ukuthi kusabelomali salo nyaka se-AU engama-66% ivela emazweni ase-Afrika, bese kuba ngama-34% ebuya emazweni aseNyakatho. Leli yibanga elikhulu elihanjiwe, ngoba uma kuqhathanyiswa nonyaka wezi-2017, imali eyayivela kumazwe ase-Afrika kwakungama-43%, eqhamuka ngaphandle kungama-57%.
Kuphinde kwaba yiRwanda eyagqugquzela amanye amazwe nyakenye ukuthi eseke isivumelwano sokwenza kubelula ukuhwebelana emazweni ase-Afrika esibizwa ngeContinental Free Trade Area (CFTA). Kukhulunywa nje, asebalelwa ema-52 amazwe ase-Afrika asefake uphawu lwawo kulesi sivumelwano, okwenza ukuthi kungensuku zatshwala sizobe sesiyingxenye yohlu lwenqubomgomo e-Afrika. Lokhu okwenzeke ngeCFTA kuyinqayizivele emlandoweni we- AU ngoba ziyinsada izivumelwano ezazenziwa ngoMengameli kepha kudonse iminyaka ukuthi zithole ukwesekwa ngokugcwele.
Ngakho-ke, ugqozi nokuzimisela kweRwanda nyakenye kube nomthelela omkhulu ekutheni lesi sivumelwano sisheshe sisekwe. Leli lizwe liphinde lamelana nesinqumo sakudala sokuthi kusungulwe i-AU Peace Fund, okuyisikhwama esizosetshenziselwa ukweseka le Nhlangano emizamweni yokudala uxolo emazweni abhekene nezimpi zombango.
Okokugcina okuncomekanyo ngendima yeRwanda, kwaba ukusungulwa kwe-AU Development Agency (AUDA), ezothatha lapho iNew Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) igcine khona. Ngamanye amazwi, iRwanda ivunywa nayizitha ngegalelo layo lanyakenye, okwenza kuthiwe i-Egypt ingena ezicathulweni ezinkulu.
Asikuphawule ukuthi noma i-Egypt iyizwe elibalulekile, kule minyaka embalwa edlule ibisivame ukuzithela ngabandayo ezinhlelweni ezikhona ezwenikazi. Yikho nje kungokokuqala ukuthi leli lizwe lengamele i-AU kusukela mhla yasungulwa ngonyaka wezi- 2002; kodwa amanye amazwe abaluleke njengayo ake asibamba lesi sikhundla amahlandla aphindiwe.
Ubudlelwano ne-AU, okusho ukuthi namanye amazwe ase-Afrika, bathikamezeka ngonyaka wezi-2013 mhla le Nhlangano inquma ukuhoxisa okwesikhashana ubulungu be-Egypt ngenxa yokuketulwa ngamasotsha kombuso kaMohammed Morsi. Lesi sinqumo salo nyaka singathathwa njengesikhombisa ukuthi ifuna ukukhuphula izinga kwezezwekazi, noma ifisa ukuzifezela ezinye izinjongo.
Ngakolwayo uhlangothi i-Egypt ithembise ukuthi angeke iguquke ezinyathelweni zeRwanda. Iphinde yadalula uhla lwezinhlelo eziyisi-6 ezizohamba phambili nonyaka, okuthi uma zibhekisiwa zibonakale ziyingxenye yalokho okubalulekile e-Afrika. I-Egypt yanamuhla akuseyona lena yasemandulo.
Igalelo lalowo owaye nguMengameli uGamel Nasser, owayengabanye babasunguli be-Organisation of African Unity (OAU) eyandulela i-AU, ekwakheni ubudlelwano phakathi kwamazwe ase-Afrika wonkana lazwakala.
UGamer Nasser usabekwa esicongweni nabaholi bangaphambili abafana noNkwame Nkrumah, uJulius Nyeyere, uJomo Kenyatta, uHaile Selassie, kanye noSekou Toure abangabaqambi bendlela ye-Afrika ebumbene, futhi engacwasani ngokobuhlanga.
UHulumeni kaMengameli u-Abdel Fattah el-Asisi awufani nalona okaNasser; ubonakala ugxile kakhulu ebudlelwanweni namazwe angomakhelwana bayo eNyakatho nezwekazi. Kuphinde kubonakale sengathi uHulumeni ka-el-Asisi unezinhloso zokusebenzisa leli thuba ukuze ugqamise izintshisekelo zezwe lawo.
Isibonelo umbiko okhishwe uMnyango Wezangaphandle wase-Egypt othe ezinye zezifiso zalo nonyaka kuzoba ukuvulwa kwe-AU Centre for Post- Conflict Reconstruction and Development (PCRD) e-Egypt, nokuqala iNgqungquthela ezobizwa nge-Aswan Forum for Peace and Development. Umbuzo uthi, lokhu kokubili kuhlangana kanjani nezinhlelo, eminye iminhlangano, nezingqungquthela ze-AU ezivele zimisiwe.
I-Afrika ayidingi izinhlaka kanye nemihlangano emisha, ekudingayo ukufeza izivumelwano zangaphambili, nokuqinisa izinhlaka ezikhona. Ithemba lokuthi angeke inhlanhlathe i-Egypt lilele ekutheni emsebenzini wayo nonyaka izobambisana nekomidi elineNingizimu Afrika, ezongena esihlalweni ngonyaka wezi-2020, kanye neDemocratic Republic of Congo (DRC) ezongena esihlalweni ngonyaka wezi-2021 ngokulamana.
UMnu uSenzo Ngubane, uNgoti ozimele kwezocwaningo lokudala ukubuyisana nokuthula ezwenikazi i-Afrika
