OSomlando abasitholi isitsha okungesamaHebheru eGibhithe
SITHANDA ukungabaza iNcwadi eNgcwele nobuqiniso ezintweni ezishoyo ngofuduko lwamaJuda. Ngenxa yokuthi sesihlala nezinsizwa zase- Egypt kulelizwe, sesibe nengxoxo nazo, sazibuza ukuthi kuyiqiniso yini ukuthi emlandweni wabo bake bagqilaza amaJuda.
Baphike balala ngentaba, bathi kayikho leyonto emlandweni wabo. Sabatshela ukuthi thina eNingizimu Afrika sikholwa ukuthi ukungezwani kwabo namaJuda kuqhamuka emlandweni wokugqilazana kwabo njengoba kusho iNcwadi eNgcwele. Bathi cha, ukungezwani kuqhamuka ngowe-1967 lapho amazwe amaSulumane ayehlele ukuqeda nge-Israel ukuze amaJuda ayeke ukuhlupha amaSulumane, bengakahlaseli ayasuka amaJuda ahlasela kuqala abhomba amabhanoyi ezempi ase-Egypt namanye amazwe amaSulumane kodwa i-United Nations yabavimba ukuthi baziphindiselele. Uma sesilandela ezomlando kuvela ukuthi amaJuda awakaze aphile eGibhithe selokhu kwathi nhlo. Osomlando bathanda ukuvumelana ukuthi akukho nobuncane ubufakazi bokuthi amaJuda ake abeka umcondo wawo kwelikaFaro njengoba kusho iNcwadi eNgcwele.
Baze balibeke ngembaba elokuthi kabukho ubufakazi bokuthi amaJuda ayisizwe esakheke njengoba kusho iNcwadi eNgcwele. USomlando uMnu uBarry Turner yena uthi amaJuda avela kumaKhenani, awaveli eGibhithe.
Izitsha zamaHebheru zihlukile, oSomlando kabatholi nesisodwa isitsha okungesamaHebheru eGibhithe. Igama elithi Mose liyisiGibhithe, ngalesi sikhathi lalingasetshenziswa, kwakusebenza elithi Mase ngesikhathi iNcwadi eNgcwele esho ngaso. Akekho unina wengane owayengabeka ingane yakhe emhlangeni ngoba yayingadliwa zingwenya ngokushesha. Kayikho indawo ababengawela kuyo olwandle iRed Sea, futhi kakubonakali mhudulo nezimpawu ezingaba wubufakazi bokuthi kukhona abantu abaningi kangaka abake bawela.
Lapha sikhuluma ngamadoda alungele ukulwa ayizi-600,000 (Exodus 22:37) abasuka eRameses, okusho izigidi ezimbili nangaphezulu sekuhlangene nabafazi nezingane kanye nabanye abangewona amaHebheru beqhuba imfuyo (Exodus 12:38).
Uma laba bantu babehamba bewumugqa wabantu abayishumi phambili belandelane njalo beyishumi imigqa elandelanayo, sekuhlangene nemfuyo yabo, babengaba ufuduko lwama- 240km emgwaqeni ababengabe bahamba kuwo. Lokhu kungaba ibanga elingangokuthi abayishumi bokuqala sebeseMpangeni kuthi abayishumi bokugcina bas’Ophongolo.
Endaweni yaseSinai kakukho zimpawu zokuthi kwake kwahlala abantu abaningi kangaka iminyaka engama-38, “kakukho mathambo ezingulube”. Kakukho smangaliso sokuhamba kwabantu abangaba yizigidi ezimbili abafika noma abashiya kwayona indawo yaseSinai noma abashiya indawo yaseGibhithe. Kakukho zitsha noma mpahla eyasala kulezi zindawo ukukhomba ukuthi kade kukhona amaHebheru. Asikhumbule ukuthi ezokugcina amabhuku nokubalwa kwabantu kwakusezingeni elihle ezweni laseGibhithe ngalezo zinsuku zawoRamses. Okunye, iGibhithe yayinabantu abayigidi ezi-3.5 okusho ukuthi kwakungathi uma kuhamba amaJuda ayizigidi ezimbili kwakuyosala abantu abancane kwakungaba nokwehla komnotho wezwe okukhulu nezindawo ezinkulu nezindlu eziningi zisale dengwane. Akukho emlandweni ukuwa komnotho okwake kwabikwa eGibhithe.
Bonke oSomlando bavumelana ngokuthi lo mbhalo oseNcwadini eNgcwele uyinganekwane noma yinto yokwakhiwa engenabufakazi futhi oSomlando abangeke bayiqinisekise, abaningi oSomlando kabasafuni ngisho ukuyicwaninga nokuqhubeka nokuyiphenya.
USomlando uGeoffrey Bibbey uthi ezweni laseKhenani elalingaphansi kweGibhithe kwakuhlala abantu ababengaphansi kombuso wamaGibhithe. Lo mphakathi wawuhlala endaweni eyayiseduze neBitter Lakes isondelene neGulf of Suez. Babefuyile futhi becebile ngoba babehwebelana nabantu abaphumayo nabangenayo eGibhithe. Ngesikhathi somunye woFaro kwashintshwa inqubo yenkolo ye-Akhenaten ngenkolo yonkulunkulu belanga okwakufanele ilandelwe nayilabo baseKhenani. Kodwa laba bantu baseKhenani bangashintsha, baqhubeka nenkolo leyo ye- Akhenaten.
Wacasuka uFaro wayesebagweba ngokuthi kube khona intela abazoyikhokha, ngokuthi basebenze emasimini akhe. Laba bantu bangafuna ngoba awabo amasimu awazosetshenzwa muntu ngesikhathi besebenza akaFaro, base besuka befudukela kwenye ingxenye neKhenani. Bahamba baya eMpumalanga neNyakatho yeSinai, banqamula eNingizimu yeBitter Lakes nangeNyakatho yeGulf of Suez. Kodwa lo mphakathi wawumncane kakhulu, yingakho kungazange kube nedumela ukuzihlanganisa kwawo nabantu baseSinai.
UFaro wathumela amasotsha ukuba ayolanda intela, abafica bengasekho, ayesehluleka ukubalandela ngenxa yezinqola ezazingenayo imigwaqo ezingahamba kuyo futhi nendawo kawayazi, ajika abuyela emuva, noFaro wangazihlupha ngabo ngoba ezwa ukuthi bathuthile bahamba ezweni lakhe. Yibo laba bantu abafika bakha endaweni yaseSinai, base bebizwa ngama-Israel, amaJuda. Abanye oSomlando bathanda ukuhambisana nale ncazelo ngezizathu ezizwakalayo, ngoba bayaneliseka ukuthi amaJuda awakaze aphile eGibhithe ngaphambi ko-1680AD. Le ncazelo yokwakheka kwesizwe sama-Israel iyahambisana nekaSomlando uBarry Turner ongomunye woSomlando abahlonishwayo ngomsebenzi asewenzile wokucwaninga ngomlando wezizwe ngezizwe.
UMnu uStaks Rosch wathi angafunda udaba olubhalwe nguBrian Dunning oluthi “Did the Exodus Really Happen?” waneliseka ukuthi amaJuda awakaze abe izigqila zamaGibhithe. Waphinde wafunda ebhalwe nguMnu uRabbi David Wolpe ethi “Did Jewish Slaves Build the Pyramids?”, wezwa nokuthi lo mfundisi wayencengwa ukuba lombhalo wakhe unganikezwa amaJuda, ufihlwe. URosch walahlekelwa wukukholwa zonke izindaba ngamaJuda ezibhalwe eNcwadini eNgcwele. Into ebimhlupha ngukuthi isikhathi eside kakhulu bengamaJuda bebehlale besola amaGibhithe ngokuwagqilaza kanti yinto engazange yenzeke. Uze athi kungangcono iPhasika lamaJuda liyeke ukugxila kule nzondo yamaGibhithe, ligxile ekunakeleleni amaJuda aphumelela ukubalekela amaJalimane ngeMpi Yesibili yoMhlaba.
UMnu uJan Assimann, ongomunye woSomlando, uze athi kuyaxaka ukuthi sekungaze kwakhiwe indaba enkulu kangaka engamanga ngoba kufanele kwaneliswe ukholo kodwa kube kuhlanjalazwa isizwe samaGibhithe?
UMnu u-Israel Finkelstein waveza umbono wokuthi ubufakazi boSomlando bukhonela ukuthi baziwe, noma ngabe uyakholelwa noma kawukholelwa eNcwadini eNgcwele. Uqhubeka athi: abokholo kabadingi bufakazi boSomlando, balandela ukholo lomoya ngaphandle kokuzihlupha ngobuqiniso bezindaba ezibhalwe eNcwadini eNgcwele. Lokhu kufakazelwa ngomunye uMbhishobhi odumile kuleli owezwakala ethi yena ngesikhathi esafundela ubufundisi watshelwa nguMbhishobhi amhloniphayo ukuthi “ubobakhohlisa abazalwane, bayakujabulela ukukhohliswa, uma ungasabakhohlisi bayokushiya baye komunye ozobakhohlisa”.
Kafishane, ngokomoya iNcwadi eNgcwele iqinisile ukuthi amaJuda ake aphila aba zigqila eGibhithe. Ngokunjalo futhi, ngokomlando amaJuda awakaze abe zigqila eGibhithe, futhi amaGibhithe namaJuda amaningi ayavumelana ngalokho. Sekukuwena-ke muntu waseNingizimu Afrika owaziwayo ukuthi uyazenqenela ukufuna ulwazi, nokufunda izincwadi, ukhuthele ngasekulandeleni ezomoya.
Elokugcina lethu, masilucinge ulwazi, sizwe sakithi, lungamathantala, lungangamanzi okuphala izikhumba.
