Ibhekwe ngabomvu iNgqungquthela ye-AU
Ngelizayo inhlangano yezwekazi i-Afrika inenselelo yokuzama ukulungisa kanye nokukhetha umholi
Njengokohlelo inyanga kaMasingana kuba yiyo emiselwe ukubanjwa kweNgqungquthela yokuqala onyakeni yeNhlangano Yamazwe Ase-Afrika, i-African Union (AU). Abaphathi bamazwe ase-Afrika bahlangana ngomhla zingama-30/31 kule nyanga, e-Addis Ababa, e-Ethiopia, engqungutheleni ezobe ibhekwe ngabomvu ngabaningi. Sizofingqa kancane ezinye zezizathu ezenza ukuthi le Ngqungquthela ibhekwe abaningi.
Esokuqala, nokuyiso esibaluleke kakhulu yingqikithi yale Ngqungquthela. Abaholi bavumelana nyakenye ukuthi owezi-2017 kuzoba unyaka wentsha, ikakhulukazi ozobhekela ekutheni yini okumele iqhutshwe yenziwe ukuze intsha yezwekazi idlondlobale. Le ngqikithi ibaluleke ngoba kumele ukuthi amazwe ase-Afrika ahlanganyele ukulwa nokuqeda ububha, ukuncipha kwamathuba emsebenzi, ukuvula amasango ezemfundo, ukwenzela nokubhekelela labo ababalwa njengengxenye yentsha. Uma kuthathwa kubhekwa, izakhamuzi zase-Afrika zibalelwa ezigidigidini ezi-1.2 bese kuthiwa bangamaphesenti angama-70 abayingxenye yentsha. Le nkulumo ibalulekile ngoba intsha yase-Afrika ayidingi kuphela ukuthi kulokhu kwakhulunywa ngayo, kepha idinga abaholi bathathe izinqumo ezizoba nomthelela ezinhlelweni ezithile emazweni ase-Afrika ukuthuthukisa, nokwenza ngcono isimo sentsha.
Izingxoxo ngezindaba zabantu abasha ziphinde zibaluleke ngoba sekwaba yinjwayelo ukuthi uma kukhulunywa ngentsha yoHlanga, kugxilwe kakhulu ezintweni ezingezinhle okuthiwa bayazenza. Kodwa uma uthatha ukubheka ezwenikazi i-Afrika, usuka eCape Town, uya e-Abuja, e-Nairobi, naseCairo, likhulu iqhaza elibanjwa yintsha yase-Afrika ukuthuthukisa impilo yayo neyemiphakathi, futhi ilibamba ngaphansi kwezimo ezingelula. Ngakho-ke leNgqungquthela akumele ukuthi iphume nezinqumo ezikhuluma kuphela ngalokho okudinga ukulungiswa, kodwa kumele futhi ikwazi ukuncoma nokuqhakambisa imizamo abasha base-Afrika abayenzayo ukuze kubekhona intuthuko ezwenikazi.
Isizathu sesibili ngukuthi, kulindelwe ukuthi abaholi bavumelane, bese beqoka lowo ozoba nguSihlalo omusha we-AU emveni kokuba uNkosazana Dlamini-Zuma asishiya phansi lesi sikhundla nyakenye. Kuzokhumbuleka ukuthi eNgqungqutheleni eyaba seKigali, eRwanda, i-AU yehluleka ukuvumelana ngalowo okumele athathe izintambo, isinqumo sase sihlehliselwa uMasingana. Kukhulunywa nje, bayisihlanu abaphokophelele ukwengamela lesi sikhundla, okubalwa kubona:
- uPelonomi Venson-Moitoi: onguNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle eBotswana,
- uMoussa Faki Mahamat: onguNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle ezweni iChad
- u-Agapito Mba Mokuy: OnguNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle e-Equatorial Guinea
- u-Amina Mohamed: OnguNgqongqoshe wezangaphandle eKenya
- u-Abdoulaye Bathily: OyiNxusa Elikhethekileyo leNhlangano Yezizwe, i-United Nations (UN) esifundazweni saseCentral Africa, waseSenegal.
Kubonakala sengathi bonke laba abangenele lolu khetho bamnkantsha ubomvu. Ngaleyo ndlela noma imuphi kubona angakwazi ukubamba lesi sikhundla, kodwa okucacile ukuthi isinqumo soMengameli, sizogxila kakhulu kupolitiki yamazwe ase-Afrika, kanye nobudlelwano obukhona phakathi kwezifundazwe zezwekazi. Isibonelo kungaba esika Venson-Moitoi, obuya esifundazweni iNingizimu ye-Afrika, okunika iBotswana ithemba lokuthi lizowathola wonke amavoti amazwe alesifundazwe. Kodwa, kuyaziwa ukuthi elaseBotswana, ikakhulukazi uma kubhekwa ezinye zezinqumo zalo zezangaphandle, akhona amazwe abuya esifundazweni angase angameseki. Kuphinde kubekhona uMohamed obuya eKenya, izwe lakhe selenze konke okusemandleni ukuheha ivoti emazweni amaningi, ngisho nalawo angaphandle kwesifundazwe sasempumalanga.
Phezu kwalokho, kulindeleke ukuthi kule Ngqungquthela kuphinde kuqokwe lowo ozoba yiPhini likaSihlalo, bese futhi iphinde iqoke abayisishiyagalombili okumele bangene ezikhundleni zokuba oKhomishana bale Nhlangano ababhekene neminyango efana nokudala uxolo, ukwandisa amathuba ezomnotho, ezentuthuko, kanye nezamagugu ase-Afrika.
NguSihlalo, ebambene nephini lakhe, kanye noKhomishana okuyibo okumele babhekelele ukuthi izinqumo ezithathiwe ziqhutshezwa phambili. Ngamanye amazwi, leNgqungquthela izoba ukhukhulelangonqo, ngoba uma ukhetho luba khona, kuyacaca ukuthi iNhlangano Yamazwe Ase-Afrika, izoba sezandleni ezintsha.
Le Ngqungquthela iphinde ibhekwe ngamehlo abomvu ngenxa yokuthi abaholi kuzomele banqume ukuthi izwe iMorocco bayalivumela na ukuthi libe yilungu le-AU. Kuzokhunjulwa ukuthi iMorocco yiyo kuphela izwe elisezwenikazi i-Afrika ebelingazibandakanyi nezinhlelo ze-AU, emveni kokuba yahoxa ngowe-1984 ku-OUA. IMorocco yahoxa ngoba i-OUA yaqoka ukweseka abangokudabuka eWestern Sahara, okuyizwe eliyingxenye yeMorocco, esiphakamisweni sabo sokuba bazimele. Lesi sinqumo sibhekwe ngabomvu ngoba phela izwekazi linqamuke phakathi, kukhona abahambisana nesicelo seMorocco, kanye nabasaseka iWestern Sahara. Amazwe afana neNingizimu Afrika, iZimbabwe, iNamibia, i-Algeria, abalwa ohlwini lalawo ahamba neWestern Sahara, bese kuthi amazwe afana neSenegal, iBotswana, ayasiseka isicelo seMorocco.
Okunye okubhekiwe ngumbiko oqukethe izincomo mayelana nendlela okungahlelwa ngayo kabusha ukusebenza nokuphathwa kwe-AU ukuze ikwazi ukubhekana nezinselelo ezise-Afrika. Lo mbiko kulindeleke ukuthi wethulwe nguMengameli waseRwanda, owayeqokwe nyakenye ukuthi ahole ithimba longcweti elizoza neziphakamiso kanye nezincomo zezinguquko okumele zenzeke. Amathemba akhona ukuthi lo mbiko impela uzodingidwa ukuze kubekhona izivumelwano ezibambekayo, ngoba yona i-AU iyadinga kakhulu ukuthi ishintshe ukwenza.
Njengejwayelo ingqunguthela izophinde idingide ngezinhlelo okumele zibekwe ukuze kudaleke uxolo ezwenikazi i-Afrika, ikakhulukazi emazweni afana neSouth Sudan, iSomalia kanye neDemocratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Kulindelekile futhi ukuthi abaholi bake bayifakele izibuko le nsambatheka eke yadaleka eGambia emveni kokuba obenguMengameli wakhona ezame ukungehli esikhundleni noma ebekade enganqobanga okhethweni obelukhona onyakeni owedlule. Isifundazwe sase-Afrika eseNtshonalanga, sibambisene ne-AU, sikwazile ukungenelela ukuze kugwenywe isimo ebesingadala ukuthi ziqhubeke izinkulumo ezingezinhle ezithi izwekazi lisehluleka namanje ukuhambisa ngokwentando yeningi. Akhona amathemba okuthi isimo sizolunga eGambia kodwa isiqiniseko sokuthi angeke kusuke udweshu sizovela uma i-AU izoyibheka kahle iGambia, bese ithatha izinqumo ezizokweseka izinguquko kwezepolitiki ezweni.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubumbana kwamazwe ase-Afrika; ziningi izimo ezidinga ukusonjululwa asethembe ke ukuthi le Ngqungquthela, ikakhulukazi ukhetho okumele lube khona, angeke lubhebethekise ukungahoshelani emazweni athize ase-Afrika.
