UFidel Castro: Umlingani oqotho wezwekazi i-Afrika
Yize babezama ukumthena amandla bemngcofa nokho akazange adikibale wayisiza i-Afrika
LAHLABA lephukela kwabaningi, ikakhulukazi abamazwe aseNyakatho, mhla uMengameli uNelson Mandela ehambela eCuba ngowe-1991, kungakapholi maseko emveni kokuba ekhululwe ejele. Ekhuluma ngalolu hambo uMandela wamisa ukuthi, lokhu ukwenze ngoba iCuba, eyayiholwa uFidel Castro ngaleso sikhathi, ngenye yamazwe ambalwa angazange anqikaze ekufakeni isandla ekulweni nengcindezelo ezwenikazi i-Afrika.
Siyofika isikhathi lapho umlando wezwekazi i-Afrika nobudlelwano walo namanye amazwe, wobhalwa kahle. Mhla sekwenziwa lokho akuthandabuzeki ukuthi izwe iCuba, kanye nomholi walo ohambe ngesonto eledlule, uFidel Castro, bayobekwa phambili. Indima eyaqathwa yiCuba, iholwa ngokaCastro, ekubambisaneni nabaholi bamazwe ase-Afrika ababelwela inkululeko kusamele ulotshwe kabusha ukuze izizukulwane zazi ukuthi obani ababemi naboHlanga ukuqeda ingcindezelo e-Afrika.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-Afrika neCuba babunjwa ngesikhathi amazwe amaningi ase-Afrika ecindezelwe yalabo ababuya eNyakatho. Lobu budlelwane babunjwa ngesikhathi amaqhawe ase-Afrika angasekho, nasadla anhlamvana, afana noNelson Mandela, u-Augustino Neto wase-Angola, u-Amilca Cabral waseGuinea-Bissau, uJulius Nyerere waseTanzania, uSamora Machel waseMozambique, uSam Nujoma waseNamibia, ayebonwa njengabashokobezi ngababuya kumazwe aseNyakatho. ICuba, ilandela inqubo kaCastro, yakubeka kwacaca ukuthi yona angeke isonge izandla kube kusekhona amazwe angabuswa futhi angaphethwe izakhamuzi zawo. Ngalokho, kusukela ngowe-1961, mhla i-Algeria ilwela inkululeko yayo ezweni laseFrance, kuze kuyoshaya owe-1988 e-Angola, iCuba, yabamba iqhaza okungamele likhohlwe nakancane ekuzibandakanyeni nezimpi zenkululeko yaboHlanga.
Kulula namhlanje ukuthi leli qhaza linganakwa, ngoba amazwe amaningi engasahlezi phansi kwengcindezelo. Kodwa kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi umlando wezwekazi i-Afrika nobudlelwane nezinye izizwe ukucacisa bha ukuthi amazwe amaningi ayethatha leli zwekazi njengendawo abangazenzela noma yini abayifunayo. Lokhu kuzenzela yikho okwadala ukuthi aboHlanga baphathwe ngengcidezi; bese umnotho wezwekazi ulawulwe ngababuya ngaphandle. Yilo mlando owenza ukuthi uCastro neCuba, babalwe njengalabo abangazange babe nanhloso yokuzenzela e-Afrika, kodwa babephokophelele ekutheni babone aboHlanga, bezibambele bona ngawabo izintambo zokubusa.
Amagalelo amaningi uCastro abanawo esondelene kakhulu neNingizimu Afrika yigalelo abanalo ezimpini zombango ezazikhona e-Angola ezaqala ngowe-1975 zaze zaphela ngowe-1988. Kuzona zonke lezi zimpi zombango zase-Angola, ebaluleke kakhulu emlandweni we-Afrika eseNingizimu neSahara, yile eyabanjelwa eCuto Cuinavale, eyaqala ngowe-1987 yaze yaphela ngowe-1988. Kule mpi amasotsha aseCuba, ebambisene nawase-Angola aqumba phansi amasotsha kaHulumeni wobandlululo ayecheme neNational Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) eyayiholwa nguSavimbi, ngaleyo minyaka. ICuba ayimanga lapho, yaphinde yabamba iqhaza elikhulu ezingxoxweni ezaba khona emveni kwale mpi, ezazifaka i-Angola, iNingizimu Afrika, i-USA namanye.
Lezi zingxoxo, ezabanjwa emveni kwempi yaseCuto Cuinavale, zavula indlela eyenza ukuthi amasotsha aseNingizimu Afrika aphume e-Angola; zaphinde zadala ukuthi iNamibia ithole inkululeko; futhi zaba nomthelela omkhulu ekwandiseni amathuba okuthi kuphele ubandlululo eNingizimu Afrika. Umlando uyakhombisa ukuthi akumele kuthandabuzwe nakancane ukuthi ukube uCastro kanye neCuba abazinikelanga ekutheni bame nalabo ababelwela inkululeko e-Afrika eseNingizimu, ngabe kwathatha isikhathi eside ukuthi amazwe afana noNamibia, kanye nayo iNingizimu Afrika imbala athole inkululeko.
Uboholi bukaCastro ebudlelwaneni nezwekazi i-Afrika kumele bugqanyiswe kakhulu ngoba, endimeni abayilima eyevile eminyakeni engama-30, iCuba ayizange iqhwge lutho e-Afrika. Ngisho e-Angola imbala, okuyizwe elinothile, lapho amanye amazwe uma angenelela asuke ehlose ukuzuza okuthile ngakwezomnotho. Kepha iCuba, emveni kokuba yangena e-Angola ngowe-1975 ixhasa ezimpini zenkululelo akukho nobuncane ubufakazi obukhombisa ukuthi kukhona okwathathwa yiCuba e-Angola.
Kwenye yezinkulumo azenza ngowe-1991 emveni kokuba amasotsha aseCuba esephuma e-Angola, uCastro wafunga wagomela wathi iCuba yothatha izinto ezimbili kuphela okwaba ngamaqhawe aseCuba ayesele enkundleni, kanye nodumo lokuthi abokudabuka eCuba baba yingxenye yokulwela inkululeko ezwenikazi i-Afrika. Lesi senzo sabaseCuba, beholwa nguCastro, yinto eyayingajwayelekile ebudlelwaneni bezwekazi i-Afrika namanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi awaseNyakatho. Ngamanye amazwi indlela uCastro neCuba ababe bambisene ngayo nezwekazi i-Afrika, yenza ukuthi aboHlanga nabo bazibone bengabantu! Izenzo ezifana nalezi ezinika ubuntu futhi zibuyise isithunzi saboHlanga!
ICuba, iholwa uCastro, ayigcinanga ekufakeni isandla ezimpini zenkululeko, kepha yaqhubeka emveni kokuba amazwe amaningi ase-Afrika esekhululekile, ukusiza ezintweni eziningi. Esingakubalula yindima iCuba esayilima ekuthuthukiseni ezempilo ezwenikazi i-Afrika. Kulo mkhakha iCuba kwaba yizwe lokuqala ukuthumela odokotela nongcweti kwezempilo mhla amazwe ase-Afrika afana neLiberia, iGuinea kanye neSierra Leone ebhekeni negciwane le-ebola. Lokhu ikwenza nje, ibe icacisa ukuthi ayifune lutho kula mazwe, kuphela nje ifuna ukubamba iqhaza ekutheni kuphele ukunganakekelwa kwezidingo zabantu ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa kwezempilo. Yinye kuphela into abaholi base-Afrika abangayenza ekubungazeni iqhaza likaCastro, ukuthi baqhubeke nokulwela inkululeko yezwekazi i-Afrika. Leli qhawe layilima layiqeda insimu yalo, selishiya inselelo kulabo abasaphethe, ikakhulukazi e-Afrika, yokuthi akuqhutshekwe kuliwe nempi yobuhlwempu, nobubha, ikakhulukazi obudalwa yindlela amazwe aseNyakatho adlelana ngayo namanye amazwe.