Sekuya ngamagama enkehli kweleNgonyama Trust noHulumeni
Emuva kwemibiko yelaboHlanga ngemizamo yokusebenza iNgonyama Trust uKhongolose usephumele obala
EMUVA kokugwajaza kosopolitiki kanye nezisebenzi zikahulumeni ngesikhathi iphephandaba laboHlanga likhipha lokhu okwakuseyimfihlo, umhlangano we-African National Congress (ANC) obuseGoli ngesonto eledlule ulikhiphile ikati ehlungwini ngodaba oluthinta iNgonyama Trust kanye neBhodi layo.
Oshicilelweni lamhla zi-2 kuya zili-10 kuMfumfu 2014 ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi Imizamo Yokugudluza Ingonyama Trust, ozul’azayithole babika ngemizamo yabathize enhlanganweni ebusayo abagovuza udaba lokuba akusetshenzwe iNgonyama Trust. Ngaleso sikhathi leli phephandaba lacaphuna umthombo walo ongaphakathi ePhalamende Likazwelonke uthi: “Iqiniso lithi izinkulumo zokuthi ingaqedwa kanjani le nto yeNgonyama Trust aziqali manje. Kepha manje isivuswa yisimemezelo seSILO sokubuyiselwa umhlaba eBukhosini. Le nto iyasikhathaza ngoba asazi ukuthi izokwenzeka kanjani. Angingabazi ukuthi ukuba le nto (Ingonyama Trust) ngabe kade yaphela, manje inkinga wukuthi ukuyidudula kuzobonakala sengathi kungukulwisana neSILO uqobo.”
Ukutshengisa ukuthi Ongangenzwe Lakhe wabe esenalo ulwazi lalokho okuhlelwayo, wamangaza abaningi eMgubhweni WeLembe kwaDukuza ngonyaka owedlule (2014) lapho ethi: “Sesiyazi ngemihlangano ehlelwe lonke izwe leli edingida ngesicelo sikaZulu esisisodwa. Siyazi futhi ukuthi kumunyungwa umkhankaso wokunxenxa amaqembu ezombusazwe ePhalamende ukuthi achibiyele umthetho noma kuqedwe iBhodi leNgonyama Trust engiwuSihlalo walo,” kububula iMbube yomhlaba.
Ongangezwe Lakhe waqhubeka wathi labo abanale micabango, yokuqeda Ingonyama Trust, ngabantu abangamfiseli okuhle uZulu, nowathi kuhle ukuba uZulu ubuze imibuzo enqala. “Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi uZulu akalutho ngaphandle komhlaba, ngakho kulilungelo lakho ukuthi mhlawumbe ungakavoti nje ulibuze iqembu lakho olithandayo ukuthi liyakuthanda yini wena njengoMzulu. Libuze iqembu lakho ukuthi licabanga ukuthi kuyakufanela yini ukuba nomhlaba, lo esithi uma siphumelela isicelo sethu, esiyoba nawo njengeSizwe noma lithi umuhle uhlala emaweni kuze kube ngunaphakade.”
Emhlanganweni wayo weNational General Council (NGC) amalungu e-ANC ancome ukuba kuchibiyelwe umthetho Ingonyama Trust Act, eyengamele ukubunjwa ngokusebenza kweBhodi leNgonyama Trust. Yize le nhlangano ingenabanga kepha iBAYEDE ingakuqinisekisa ukuthi asisodwa isizathu esenza kube nabathi sekuyisikhathi sokuthi kuchitshiyelwe lo mthetho. Okokuqala kukhona uhlangothi ngaphakathi ku-ANC elibuka lesi sakhiwo njengesakhiwo esenziwa ngezikhathi zobandlululo senziwa nguHulumeni WakwaZulu.
Lo mthetho waba ngumthetho wokugcina owashaywa nguHulumeni WakwaZulu ngonyaka we-1994. Le nkulumo ibukeka iziphikisa ngoba imithetho kanye nezinhlaka ezakhiwa nguHulumeni waKwaZulu kanye nalowo wamaBhunu zisasebenza. Isibonelo iBhange leNtuthuko, iThala kaliqalangwa nguhulumeni okhona. Kanti kuzwelonke abashayimthetho bahlala ezakhiweni ezakhiwa ngumbuso wamaBhunu namaKoloni, isibonelo iPhalamende Likazwelonke eKapa kanye ne-Union Building ePitoli.
Olunye uhlangothi olusha amashushu ngodaba lweNgonyama Trust, ngosopolitiki baKwaZulu-Natal abaseqenjini elibusayo abanombono wokuthi uhlaka lweNgonyama Trust ‘kumele lenganyelwe yisifundazwe’. Ngokomthethosisekeleo nesinqumo senkantolo, izindaba ezithinta umhlaba akuzona ezesifundazwe kepha yizindaba ezisingathwa kuzwelonke. Yingakho nje kunguNqgogqoshe uGugile Nkwiti owengamele ukusebenza kweNgonyama Trust hhayi isifundazwe.
Imilomo iyavunana
IBAYEDE inobufakazi obuqandula ikhanda bemihlangano nezinkulumo zalaba baholi emihlanganweni eyehlukene kubalwa naleyo ebihanjelwa ngaMakhosi ezizwe athize lapho imilomo ibivunana ekutheni ‘iNgonyama Trust iyisithiyo ekuletheni intuthuko’. Kule mihlangano osopolitiki, izikhulu zikahulumeni naMakhosi athize anombono wokuthi lolu hlaka ‘lunamandla amakhulu’ acishe alingane noma aze abe makhulu kunakaHulumeni Wesifundazwe. IBAYEDE inaso isethulo (powerpoint presentation) esenziwa ‘ngabamele’ iKwaZulu-Natal emhlanganweni kazwelonke we-ANC nakuhulumeni lapho kwakwethulwa izizathu kanye nezincomo zokuthi isetshenzwe kanjani iNgonyama Trust.
Kanti aMakhosi athintekayo wona ahlukene izigaba ezimbili: Kukhona lawo asola iNgonyama Trust ngokuthi inemidanti nxa kumele akhokheleke imali esuke ingumhlomulo enteleni ekhokhwa ngamabhizinisi athize endaweni. Kuthiwa ngaphambi kokuba ikhiphe imali iBhodi lifuna uhlelo oluzolandelwa ukusebenzisa le mali nento elithi lenzela ukuba imali le okusuke kungeyo mphakathi ingagcini isiya kumuntu oyedwa. Ngokuthola kweBAYEDE le ngxenye yaMakhosi athintekayo kayeneme ngalokho. Okunye okuvelayo wukuthi ngokwelulekwa ngosopolitiki kanye neziphathimandla ezithize le ngxenye yaMakhosi ithi nayo ifuna ukumeleleka eBhodini. Lokhu kwande kakhulu ngesikhathi kwedlula emhlabeni iNkosi yesizwe saseMacambini, uKhayalethu Mathaba obeyilungu leBhodi. Ngokuthola komthombo oyingxenye yala Makhosi, aphoxeka kakhulu ukuzwa ukuthi kanti ukuqokwa kuleli bhodi yinto eyenziwa nguNgqongqoshe hhayi esigabeni seBhodi. “Thina kasinankinga ngeSILO ngoba phela ngokomthetho nangokwesiko yiso inhloko yakho konke. Kepha sasinombono wokuthi kuhle ukuba aMakhosi angene ebhodini, nasemhlanganweni esasinawo salulekwa ukuthi njengeNdlu Yabaholi BoMdabu KwaZulu-Natal singaphakamisa igama, nembala sawaphakamisa amagama. Kepha sathola kamuva ukuthi kanti asikwazi ukukwenza lokho nokuthi uNqgqogqoshe uNkwiti wabe eselule isikhathi samalungu akhona ngokulandela umthetho,” kuphetha umthombo.
Kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi IBAYEDE isingakuqinisekisa ukuthi enye ingcindezi ekuthini iNgonyama Trust Act ibuyekezwe ivela ngaMakhosi ezinye izizwe ngaphandle kwemigcele yelikaMthaniya, nathi ubukhona beNgonyama Trust kufakazela ukuthi iSILO siphethwe kangcono. Okungacaci kule nkulumo wukuthi kungani la Makhosi engenzi okufanayo ezifundeni zawo okuyinto engaphambene nomthetho wezwe.
Ebuzwa ngesiphakamiso samalungu kaKhongolose loyo olisekela likaSihlalo weBhodi, uMahluleli uJerome Ngwenya uthe: “Cha phela kulilungelo nomsebenzi kahulumeni ukuba abuyekeze imithetho. Uma abashayimthetho benombono wokuthi sekuyisikhathi sokubuyekeza njengoba benza nakweminye akone lutho. Nokho kuhle ukuba abantu bangaphambanisi ukulungisa udaba lwelungelo lobunini kanye nomhlaba woBukhosi. Thina kasingabazi ukuthi umthetho olawula iNgonyama Trust kawuxabene nomthethosisekelo wezwe,” kusho uMahluleli.
Ngonyaka wezi-2006 uhulumeni wakha umthetho owawubizwa ngokuthi yiCommunal Land Rights Act (CLaRA) nokho emuva iNkantolo Yomthethosisekelo yawuchitha uCLaRA yathi kawuhambisani nomthethosisekelo. Kukhona inkolelo ethi lokhu okuphakanyiswa ngamalungu e-ANC yimizamo yokulungisa amaphutha ayebonakala kuCLaRA, nokho umbuzo kwabanye nxa kunjalo, pho yenzeni Ingonyama Trust?
Emveni kokuba uMahluleli Omkhulu uSandile Ngcobo esecubungule izimiso zika zeCLaRA wathola ukuthi kungebalekelwe ukuthi izimiso eziningi zeCLaRA zithinta, ikakhulukazi, umthetho wesintu kanye nobuholi bendabuko – okuthinta ukusebenza kukazwelonke kanye nokwesifundazwe. Uthole nokuthi iCLaRA iqhubusha umthetho wesintu ophilayo okuyiwona olawula ukuhlala, ukusebenza kanye nokuphathwa kwendawo yomuntu wonke. Ibuye iqhubushe izikhungo okuyizona eziphethe izindaba kanye nemithetho ehambisana nazo. Ubuye wathola ngokufanelekile ukuthi iPhalamende lilandele umgudu okungeyiwo ekusunguleni iCLaRA. Ukucabangela ukulungisa okufanelekile uMahluleli Omkhulu uNgcobo ukugcizelele ukuthi uMthethosisekelo uhlinzeka umgudu osemthethweni, lowo mgudu kufanele ulandelwe ngokukhululekile. Ukusungula umthetho othinta izifundazwe ngokulandela umgudu ohlinzekwa iSigaba sama-76 okuyingxenye eyinqubo yokwakhiwa komthetho okuhlobene nomthetho okuthinta kabanzi izifundazwe. Uthi ukwehluleka ukuhambisana nezidingo zeSigaba sama-76 kwenza umthetho osungulwayo ungasho lutho. Ngokufanelekile uthole iCLaRA ingasungulwanga ngokomthethosisekelo futhi ongasho lutho ngenxa yokungahambisani nezinqubo ezibekwe eSigabeni sama-76 soMthethosisekelo.
Uselinoni njengakumadlagusha
UMONGO womzabalazo waboHlanga ngumhlaba. Ekufikeni kwamadlagusha kuleli lizwekazi inhloso kwakuwukwenza umnotho. Indlela eya ekuphumeleleni kulokho yayedlula ekuthathweni komhlaba waboHlanga. Nembala kwabanjalo njengoba nanamuhla aboHlanga besazithola bengontembuzana emazweni abawabiza ngokuthi ngawoyisemkhulu nabokhokho. Yize kunemfundisoze ethi amazwe ase-Afrika aba nengcebo emuveni kokufika kwamadlagusha e-Afrika. Ucwaningo luyakuphika ukuthi empeleni ama-Afrika asendulo ayehweba ngalokho okutholakala emhlabeni, okungaba yizimbiwa ezifana negolide, idayimane noma okungaba yizitshalo. Lokhu kugqama kakhulu nxa kubukwa ngelibanzi umgudu wokuhweba owawutholakala ezindaweni zaseSahara ngeminyaka yama-800 kuya kweyi-1100 AD. Kulo mlando nakweminye efana neyemibuso yaseMali, yaseGhana, yaseMossi, yaseKanem-Bornu, yaseZimbabwe, yaseMapungubwe, nasemadolobheni aseHausa nakwenzinye izindawo kuyavela ukuthi impela aboHlanga babengazibekile phansi nxa kufika kupolitiki yezomnotho. Kukho konke lokhu umhlaba wawungumgogodla wentuthuko kanye nengcebo yaboHlanga.
Nalapha eNingizimu Afrika, kwaZulu (namuhla esekuthiwa yiKwaZulu-Natal) umhlaba wawuyikho konke kwaboHlanga. Ngaphandle nje kwengcebo engaphansi kwawo kubeNguni bakwaZulu umhlaba wawuyindawo lapho imfuyo yabo idla khona, lapho bakha khona imizi yawoyise nalapho bephumula khona umphumulela wafuthi. Kubo umhlaba wawuyinto yokufelwa, neyafelwayo. Umlando kaZulu wokuvikela umhlaba uqoshwe ngezingazi zamadoda namakhosikazi alesi sizwe, kunjalo nakwaXhosa, kaNgwane, kwaNdebele, kubeSotho nakwezinye izizwe ezakhele leli. Isigaba sokuqala somzabalazo esasiholwa yiziNgonyama naMakhosi ezizwe kanye namadelamzimba. Umkhumbi wempi kaZulu wadalwa yilo udaba lomhlaba. Kanjalo nesigaba sesibili esaqala ngonyaka we-1912 esasiholwa yi-African National Congress (ANC) umongo waso kwakungumhlaba, lokhu ukuzwa ngisho esiqubulweni sayo esithi: ‘I-Afrika bayibuye!’
Njengengxenye yokubukwa ngaboHlanga umhlaba waqolwa ngamadlagusha, labo abangumsinsi bagcina sebeyizinxibi emapulazini, abanye baphoswa emigubaneni. Kumadlagusha umhlaba wawulinoni ngoba yiwo owenza umnotho wawo, lo nanamuhla asazibuka nabazitusa ngawo. Emuva kokuthatha umhlaba kwaboHlanga, abahlaseli baba ngabalimi abakhiqiza ukudla nabathola inzuzo. Kwaba nokushaywa kwemithetho eyahlukahlukene eyayidudula aboHlanga. Odumile kule mithetho yilowo wonyaka we-1913 ongagcinanga nje ngokududula aboHlanga ubayisa emigubaneni kepha owabemuka namandla ezomnotho.
Enkulumeni yeSILO esayethula kuvulwa iSishayamthetho saKwaZulu-Natal ngonyaka wezi-2013 sakhuluma okujulile lapho sithi: “Uma kuqedwa ubandlululo uBukhosi balapha kwaZulu okuhlanganisa aMakhosi ezizwe kanye nemiphakathi bathenjiswa ukuthi isenzo esinyanyisayo esenziwa wubandlululo – yileso sokwehlukanisa uBukhosi nomhlaba kuzoqedwa. Ukuba khona kweNgonyama Trust, engiyinhloko yayo njengohleli eSihlalweni, kuwubufakazi balokho. Ngiselapho, ngiyafisa ukukucacisa ukuthi lo mhlaba ongaphansi kweNgonyama Trust asiwuphiwanga nokuthi akuwona umhlaba omusha. Wonke umhlaba ongaphansi kweNgonyama Trust yingcosana nje yomhlaba okwakuvele kungowethu. Lokhu ngithi angikubalule ngoba sekukhona eminyakeni engamashumi amabili asebekhuluma sengathi lo mhlaba kwakuyisihe nje esasinikwa uZulu. Abanye baze baliphimise elokuthi awusifanele lo mhlaba.”
Le nkulmo yoNgangezwe Lakhe iwubufakazi bokuthi umhlaba ulinoni kwaboHlanga njengoba kwakunjalo kumadlagusha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma ngabe ngubani okhuluma ngalolu daba kumele ahambe ngokucophelela ngoba kwaboHlanga ukuthathelwa umhlaba noma ngabe yinini kubhibhisa izibazi zendulo.
- Loludaba lwashicilelwa: 15 – 22 kuMfumfu 2015