Uyabaphika umlando abalwa empini yokwehlukaniswa kweYugoslavia
NgoLwesithathu inkantolo ye-United Nations (UN) igwebe ababili ababengabahlobo bakaMengameli waseSerbia ongasekho uSlobodan Milosevic. Laba ibagweba ngamacala empi ngeqhaza labo lokuxhasa nokuhlomisa amasosha aseSerb ngesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa kwezwe elaliyiYugoslavia.
Abehluleli bale nkantolo banikeze lowo owayeyinhloko yophiko lwezokuphepha kuHulumeni waseSerbia uJovica Stanisic kanye nalowo owayengaphansi kwakhe uFranko “Frenki” Simatovic izigwebo zeminyaka eli-12 ngenhloso yokuvala isahluko samacala obugebengu obenziwa edolobheni ilaseBosnia ngowe-1992.
Isifinyezo sesahlulelo esikhishwe yinkantolo sithi; “Igumbi lokuqulwa kwecala ligculisekile ngokuthi ummangalelwa unikeze usizo olungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekwenziweni kwamacala okubulala, ukuhambisa abantu ngenkani nokushushiswa okwenziwe eBosanski Samac”. Nakuba laba inkantolo ibaphikile kuleli cala kodwa iphinde yathi abukho ubufakazi obenele bokubagweba ngamanye amacala akwamanye amadolobhana aseBosnia naseCroatia njengoba izwe elaliyiYugoslavia lahlakazeka ngodlame ekuqaleni kowe-1990.
UStanisic oneminyaka engama-70 noSimatovic yena oneminyaka engama-71 babewaphikile amacala ababekwe wona kanti kumanje basabisa ukusidlulisela phambali lesisinqumo salenkantolo.
Izingxabano ezihlukene kodwa ezihlobene ezaholela ekuhlakazekeni kweYugoslavia ngowe-1992 ngemuva kokuwa kombuso wamaKomanisi zashiya kufe abantu abangaphezu kwangama-130 000 nezigidi ezashiya amakhaya.
Abashushisi bathe uStanisic noSimatovic babexhumene ngqo noMilosevic nohulumeni wakhe eBelgrade, eSerbia, kanti bathinteka ngokufana emacaleni enziwa eBosnia naseCroatia njengengxenye yomkhankaso wokuqeda ngohlanga olwababengawona amaSerbia. Le nkantolo iphinde yaveza ukuthi lesisenzo sashiya izinkulungwane zifile kwaxoshwa nabangama-340 000 emakhaya abo.
Laba bobabili basolwa ngokuba yingxenye yebhizinisi elihlanganyelwe elihlanganisa uMilosevic, owafa ngowezi-2006, nomholi waseBosnia Serb uRadovan Karadzic naye odonsa isigwebo sikadilikajele.
Abashushisi baphikisana noStanisic noSimatovic ukuthi babesekela amaqembu ezempi, kufaka phakathi uphiko oluphezulu olubizwa nge “Red Berets” kanye neqembu lamasosha elisatshwayo eliholwa nguZeljko “Arkan” Raznatovic elibizwa nge “Arkan’s Tigers”. Inkantolo iphinde yathi nakuba laba babazi ngomkhankaso wokubulala, ukushushisa, kanye nokususa abantu ngenkani abangewona amaSerbia eCroatia naseBosnia kodwa akucaci ukuthi ngabe babeyingxenye yini yaloluhlelo.
Ukuqulwa kwecala kabusha ngowezi-2013, uStanisic noSimatovic batholwa bengenacala emacaleni okususwa kwabantu kanye namacala ezempi. Lesi kwaba yisinqumo esethusayo kwabaningi esathathwa yi-International Criminal Tribunal yendawo eyayiyiYugoslavia (ICTY) eThe Hague.
Kepha ngowezi-2015, ekuguqukeni okungajwayelekile ngemuva kwemibhikisho kanye nokudluliswa kwesinqumo ngabashushisi, amajaji ayalela ukuthi liqulwe kabusha icala ngoba icala lokuqala lalibona emaningi amaphutha enziwa ekufundweni komthetho.
Ukuqulwa kwecala kwenzeke e-UN International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals. Ngasekuqaleni kukaNhlangulana, abahluleli bokudlulisa amacala kulenkantolo bakuqinisekisa ukulahlwa yicala lowayengumphathi wamasosha amaSerb aseBosnia uRatko Mladic ngeqhaza lakhe ebudloveni kuyo yonke impi yaseBosnia.
Le nkantolo umunike udilika jele uMladic. UMunira Subasic, umengameli wenye yezinhlangano zomama baseSrebrenica ezikhankasela ubulungiswa kulabo abahlukunyezwa ngesibhicongo sangowe-1995 samadoda nabafana abangama-8 000 abangamaSulumane, utshele abezindaba bezindaba ukuthi isinqumo sangoLwesithathu sizokwenza ubulungiswa kulabo abahlukunyezwe yiBosnia.
Uqhube wathi; “Izisulu azigculiseki neze kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi laba batholakale bnecala noma ngabe kungenxa yobugebengu obenziwe eBosanski Samac”. Kuyanakeka ukuthi siya ngokuvaleka isahluko sezimpi zokwehlukaniswa amancozi kweYogoslavia kanti nakuba laba sebegwetshiwe kodwa emazweni abo basaqhubeka nokubonwa nengamaqhawe.
