Inyanga yaboHlanga: Izizukulwane zezigqila seziyizinkanyezi
Minyaka yonke kusuka lu-1 kuNhlolanja kuya lu-1 kuNdasa kunomgubho owaziwa ngeleBlack Month
Umlando wabo ugcwele iziwombe zosizi. Lapho bethathwa emazweni abo okuzalwa kuwo beweliswa izilwandle belenga amaketango. Iningi laphelela olwandle njengoba kwakuthi uma begula abathumbi babo babe baphosa olwandle babe wukudla kwezilwane zolwandle.
Kuze kube nenkolelo kwabathile ukuthi ngoba akwenziwanga okuyikho nokuphelele ukubalanda labo abasala olwandle uma ulwandle seludiniwe kusuke kuwulaka lwaboHlanga omangcwaba abo asekujuleni kolwandle. Laba ngaboHlanga base-USA.
Ukutheleka kwabo emadolobheni anjengeJamestown e-USA kwasho isiqalo esisha nenhlupheko lapho babesebenza khona emasimini kagwayi. Lapha babe ngaphathiswa okwezidalwa ezingabantu kepha izilwane uqobo. Iningi labo lafa emasimini ngenxa yendlala nokusebenza kanzima, abanye bafa bezama ukweqa.
Echaza lesi simo omunye wezigqila uJohn Rolfe wathi ngowe-1619: “Ngasekupheleni kukaNcwaba kwafika umDashi owasithengisela aboHlanga abangamashumi amabili.” Okunye okuvelayo ezincwadini zomlando wukuthi ebantwini abayizinkulungwane ezilishumi nanhlanu ababeyiswa eVirginia (enye yezindawo e-USA) ngeminyaka yokuqala emveni kowe-1607, kwasinda abayizinkulungwane ezimbili.
Nokho lo mlando kawupheli ngosizi ngoba izizukulwane zezigqila namuhla sekuyizo eziyizinkanyezi ezikhanyisela ziphinde zijabulise umhlaba. Akugcini lapho ngoba nasebuholini bamazwe, ohulumeni namabhizinisi bakhona. Kwezemidlalo yibo abahamba phambili kanjalo nasezintweni zobuciko kabathintwa aboHlanga base-USA. Kulo nyaka kwenzeke into emqoka emlandweni waboHlanga e-USA ngesikhathi kumbuleka ikhasi elisha, kusongwa elidala. Lokhu kuqale ukuqapheleka ngesikhathi intokazi eneminyaka engama-22 uNks u-Amanda Gorman yenza ezibukwayo ngesikhathi inikwe ithuba lokwenza inkondlo emcimbini wokubekwa kukaMengameli omusha wase-United States of America (USA) mhla zingama-20 kuMasingana. Kwabaningi le ntokazi ivuse usonkondlo waboHlanga ongasekho uMaya Angelou. Kuthe kusabatshazwa kunanjithwa lobu buhle kuyo inyanga uMasingana ulwandle olubizela konke kulo lwabiza omunye wamaciko ahlonishwayo aboHlanga e-USA.
UNks uCicely Tyson ugoduke eneminyaka engama-96. Leli ciko belaziwa futhi lihlonishwa ngesinqumo salo sokuthi ngeke lilingise emidlalweni lapho abesifazane boHlanga bezovezwa njengabantu ababi, onondidwa noma izidakwa. Phakathi kwemidlalo ake abonakala kuyo nafike wasampula kuyona iThe Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman (1974), iThe Sounder (1972), iThe Trip to Bountiful (2013), iDiary of Black Woman (2005), iMadea Family Union (2006), iMama Flora’s Family (1998), iThe River Niger (1976), iMs Scrooge (1989) neWoman Called Moses (1978) namanye amaningi. Ubumqoka bokuvaleka nokuvuleka kwekhasi elisha kwezobuciko e-USA wukuthi umlando waboHlanga njengezinkanyezi uyaqhubeka. UNks uGorman uthatha kogogo bakhe ababeyibambile bekhanyisela aboHlanga nomhlaba ngobuciko babo. Cishe uNks uTyson ugoduke nemiyalezo emihle nayilapho eyobika khona kwabeza phambi kwakhe abafika e-USA ngemikhumbi beboshwe ngamaketango, uyobika eqholosha ukuthi izizukulwane zezigqila seziyizikanyezi ezikhanyisela umhlaba wonke ngobuhle bobugagu bazo.
Nembala ngonyaka wezi-2021 aboHlanga e-USA nasemhlabeni jikelele ngale nyanga kuhle bazikhumbuze ukuthi bavelaphi kepha okumqoka kakhulu bahlele ukuthi bayaphi. Umlando nemisebenzi yabantu abafana noNks uTyson yenza kube lula ukuxoxa ngalo mlando kubuye kube lihlazo ukungawazi.
Amagama omqondisi wefilimu i-Africans in America, u-Orlando Bagwell, awasho ehambele kwenye yezindawo lapho kwabe kugcinwa khona izigqila i-El Mina Catle, cishe akugoqa konke ngaboHlanga e-USA lapho ethi: “Umzabalazo wethu weminyaka ukwenza i-America ibe yi-America kuwo wonke umuntu ubunika ugqozi futhi wakha insuselwakuyo kuzo zonke izizwe nabacindezelwe. Inhlangano yabesifazane, inhlangano yezisebenzi, inhlangano yamalungelo abantu zonke izimpande zazo zisenhlanganweni yokulingana nobulungiswa kugqugquzelwa ngabasusi bobubi.”
