Ivuselele iqhaza nobudlelwano ne-Afrika i-ANC
UKhongolose ungelinye lamaqembu ezepolitiki ambalwa ezwenikazi nasemhlabeni jikelele angesabi ukuyivuma induku nokuzembula uma ibona sengathi isihamba inhlanhlatha. Lokhu kwenza kukaKhongolose kuvame ukubonakala kakhulu uma leli qembu lizihlelela ukubamba izingqungquthela zayo ezisosikweni ngokuthi lishicilele imibhalo eyahlukene egxila kokumele kudingidwe amalungu. Ngowedlule, uKhongolose ukuphindile lokhu ngokushicilela okuthize okumele kudingidwe amalungu awo engqungqutheleni ezobanjwa nonyaka ebizwa ngeNational General Council (NGC).
Kulolu luhlu lwemibhalo kukhona ebhekene ngqo nezobudlelwano nezwekazi kanye namanye amazwe omhlaba. Okusenza ‘siyincome’ i-ANC ngokungesabi ukuyivuma induku, ngokushiwo yiyo mayelana nezihibe ezibonayo ebudlelwaneni namaqembu abusayo ezwenikazi, amaqembu eyabe iwumfelandawonye nawo phambilini, kanye namazwe ase-Afrika. UKhongolose ukhale ngokuthi “kunezigameko ezwenikazi i-Afrika ezikhombisa ukwehla kwegalelo leNingizimu Afrika kanye noKhongolese ezindabeni zezwekazi”.
UKhongolose uqhubeke wathi: “Ezinye zalezi zigameko zize ziholele ekutheni buthandabuzwe ubunjalo bukaKhongolese njengeqembu elalwela inkululeko nelizibophezele ekwakheni i-Afrika enenqubekela phambili”. Sisika kwelijikayo ngokushiwo uKhongolose ngokuthi sigcizelele lezi zikhalo, siphinde siveze nokunye okwenzekayo e-Afrika okumele kuphoqe leli qembu ukuba liyicubungulisise eyobudlelwano nezwekazi.
Sekuphele iminyaka emine i-African Union (AU) yanquma ukuba iMorocco iphinde ibe yilungu lale nhlangano yamazwe ase-Afrika. Mhlazane lesi sinqumo sithathwa, yayiminingi imibono ethi, sizokwenza kube lula ukuthi lena exabanisa leli lizwe namanye amazwe ase-Afrika – ikakhulukazi lawo aholwa amaqembu ayelelwa inkululeko anjengawo uKhongolose – okungeyokukhululeka kweWestern Sahara sekuzobhekwana nayo ngqo. Kepha, emveni kwale minyaka iMorocco yaba yilungu le-AU. La maqembu namazwe aseka iWestern Sahara, kubonakala esahluleka ukunxenxa iMorocco ukuba iyivume eyokukhululwa kweWestern Sahara. Kunalokho, iMorocco iyazicanasela ezwenikazi, iphinde ishaye phansi ngonyawo ukuthi i-AU angeke ibe neqhaza odabeni lwaseWestern Sahara. Kuyo le minyaka kunokuba la maqembu afana noKhongolese akwazi ukuyidudulela esivumelwaneni esizokwakha ukuthula iMorocco, kubonakala kuyiyo edla ubhedu ngoba isikwazile ukwandisa inani lamazwe ezwenikazi ayesekayo ekutheni iWestern Sahara angeke iyithole inkululeko.
Amazwe amaningi kanye namaqembu afana noKhongolose asegcina ngokushicilela izitatimende zokugxeka kodwa ezingenamthelela ekutholakaleni kwesisombululo esigculisayo ngeyaseWestern Sahara.
Kule minyaka embalwa edlule siyanda isibalo samazwe abuya ngaphandle kwezwekazi anezinkambu zamasosha emazweni ahlukene e-Afrika. Phambilini, uKhongolose wabe ayingxenye yamaqembu ayehola imikhankaso eyayithi akumele i-Afrika ivumele amanye amazwe ukuthi atshale amasosha awo kuleli ngoba lokhu kuba nomthelela ezimpini ezingapheli ezwenikazi. Ngaleyo minyaka okwabe kuliwa nayo kakhulu kwakuwuhlelo lwezempi lwe-United States of America (USA) olwalubizwa nge-AFRICOM.
Namuhla, le mikhankaso yamaqembu afana noKhongolose kubonakala ingafezekanga, kunalokho isimo zimazonzo ngenxa yokusabalala kwezinkambu zamazwe ahlukene ezwenikazini. Sikhuluma nje, iDjibouti inezinkambu zamasosha aqhumuka e-USA, eFrance, eChina naseJapan, bese kuthi inkambu yeTurkey enkulu kunazo zonke engaphandle kwaleli lizwe iseSomalia. Ukwanda kwezinkambu ezifana nalezi kubeka engcupheni izinhlelo zokwakha i-Afrika enokuthula, kwandisa amathuba okuthi amazwe angaphandle agxambukele kalula kwezase-Afrika, kuphinde kuqhubeze le mibono ethi leli yizwekazi lezimpi ezingapheli.
Phambilini, zazimbalwa izimo zempi yemibango ezwenikazi lapho iNingizimu Afrika iholwa i-ANC yayingenalo igalelo elizwakalayo. Ngaleyo minyaka iNhlokodolobha iTshwane yabe inezihambeli eziningi nezahlukene eziqhamuka emazweni ase-Afrika – okungabalwa iBurundi, iCentral African Republic (CAR), iComoros, iDemocratic Republic of Congo (DRC), iMadagascar, i-Ivory Coast, iSouth Sudan kanye namanye – zizofaka izicelo zosizo noxhaso kuleli qembu neNingizimu Afrika kwababebhekene nakho. Namuhla zimbalwa izigameko ezikhona ezwenikazi – ikakhulukazi lezo eziphathelene nokwakha ukuthula – okutholakaka iNingizimu Afrika ineqhaza elizwakalayo elibambile.
Nalapho ike yazama khona kule minyaka akutholakali ukuthi ibe nohlonze luni. Isibonelo nje, uKhongolose washaywa engeqiwa ntwala mhlazana ithimba lawo elalithunyelwe eZimbabwe ukuyofakana imilomo namaqembu ahlukene ngesimo esasibucayi ezweni labuya lilambatha. I-ZANU-PF, iqembu elibusayo eZimbabwe, yalibeka kwacaca elithi ayidinge sizo oluqhamuka kwamanye amazwe, kunalokho ukuhambela kwamaqembu afana ne-ANC kukhombisa ukugxambukela odabeni ‘lwasekhaya’. Lesi sinyathelo seZANU-PF sashiya abaningi bebambe ongezansi ngendlela esehlambalaza ngayo uKhongolose ngoba kwakwaziwa ukuthi la maqembu omabili ayizithupha ziya ogwayini. Yileso sehlakalo sangonyaka owedlule esenza kumangaze ukuthi njegoba kwaziwa ukuthi ubudlelwano phakathi kweZANU-PF noKhongolese ngobunohlonze nokuthi isimo eZimbabwe sike saba ezithebeni zika Khongolose nyayenke ingaphathwa eyaleli zwe kushicelelo esesikhulume ngalo oselukhishwe uKhongolose ngaphambi kweNGC.
Engakapholi amanxeba ngeyaseZimbabwe, ubuholi beNingizumu Afrika ezwenikazi baphinde bahlangabenza nembibizane kweyase-Ethiopia nyakenye, emveni kokuba uMengameli uRamaphosa nowayenguSihlalo we-AU, ethumele ithimba lezithunywa ukuba liyosiza ekutholeni ikhambi empini eyabe iqubuke esifundazweni iTigray. Leli kwabe kuyithimba eliqavile ngoba lalifaka abaholi abathathu ababengoMengameli bamazwe okunguKgalema Motlanthe (Ningizimu Afrika), uJoaqium Chissamo (Mozambique), kanye no-Ellen Johnsoon Sirleaf (Liberia). UNdunankulu wase-Ethiopia u-Abiy, akayishayanga mkhuba eyokuthi leli thimba lithunyelwe nguSihlao we-AU, nomholi wezwe neqembu elaziwa njengelibalulekile ezwenikazi, wala waphetha ukuthi kukhona abangasiza ngakho e-Ethiopia.
Lezi ngezinye zezigameko ezimbalwa nezifingqiwe ezenza nezigcizelela ukuthi kumele impela uKhongolose ukhathazeke ngokuntenga kwegalelo lawo ezwenikazi, ikakhulukazi ekwakheni i-Afrika ebumbene nenokuthula. Asethembe ukuthi mhla amalungu aleli qembu ehlangana kuNGC nonyaka, azokwenza njengoba iqembu selishilo ukuthi kumele ‘lizixilonge lona ngaphakathi, lihlolisise isimo elikuso, liphinde libuyekeze ukuma kwalo kwezobudlelwane namazwe omhlaba, uma lisazimisele ukuhlala liyisisekelo esibalulekile kumfelandawonye wokudala inqubekela phambili emhlabeni jikelele’.