Awasekwe ‘amaKoloni’ aselwela inkululeko yomnotho
Ekuqaleni konyaka iSekela likaNdunankulu lase-Italy uLuigi Di Maio waba sematheni ngenkulumo yakhe eyagxeka iFrance ngobudlelwano obungenabulungiswa phakathi kwayo namazwe athize ase-Afrika. Inkulumo kaMnu uDi Maio eyacashunwa ngabamaphephandaba yasola iFrance ngokuthi ingenye yamazwe ase-Europe asimeme ngenxa yobudlelwano namazwe ase-Afrika obungenabulungiswa.
Esho lokhu, uDi Maio waphakamisa ukuthi i-Europan Union (EU) “kumele iyithathele izinyathelo iFrance ngoba ubudlelwano eyabakha ne-Afrika yibo obubhebhethekisa inhlupheko ephoqa abangokudabuka e-Afrika bazithole beminza olwandle ngoba befisa impilo engcono kwamanye amazwe”.
Waphinde wachaza iFrance “njengezwe elisacindezele i-Afrika ngoba kusalokhu kuyilo elinamandla okugaya imali yamazwe ali-14 ase- Afrika, okunomthelela kwezentuthuko ezwenikazi” Mhla ephawula ngalokhu uDi Maio wagxekwa ngabathize ngoba kuthiwa vele ubuya eqenjini lontamolukhuni e-Italy nelaziwayo ukuthi elezifiki, ikakhulukazi ezibuya e-Afrika, aliyingeni.
Noma ngabe kunjalo, engeke iphikwe eyokuthi vele ubudlelwano phakathi kweFrance namazwe eyayiwalawula phambilini busakhombisa ukuthi kokuningi kusakhala isicathulo sayo. Le mpicabadala ayivezayo uDi Maio, yokuthi kungani iFrance isaqhubekile nokuba ‘yibhangengodla’ lamazwe ase- Afrika ingezinye zamathumba okusamele akhanywe ubomvu kulobu budlelwano okuthiwa bukhona.
Owayecabanga ukuthi izophelela ezithebeni zase-Europe wazikhohlisa ngoba ngeledlule, iphinde yaqubuka eyaleli hlazo. UMengameli waseBenin uMnu uPatrice Talon ube nedumela emveni kokudalula ukuthi amazwe aseNtshonalanga kanye neMaphakathi ne-Afrika asethathe isinqumo sokuthi azikhulule kuleli joka lokuthi kube nezimali zawo ezigcinwe ebhangengodla laseFrance.
Uphinde wadalula ukuthi la mazwe asehlela ukuba azigayele imali yawo, bese evula ibhangengodla lawo lapho imali yawo izogcinwa khona. Lesi sinqumo sifaka amazwe ali-14 okubalwa, iBenin, iTogo, iBurkina Faso, iMali, iSenegal, i-Ivory Coast, iNiger neGuinea Bissau kanye namanye, okuthiwa asevumelene nangokuthi azosungula imali yawo engekho ekhwapheni lemali yaseFrance.
Eveza lesi sinqumo, uTalon ukuqinisekisile ukuthi lesi sinqumo singezinye sezinhlelo ezihlose ukuqala noma ukuqinisa indlela yokuthi la mazwe azimele ikakhulukazi kwezomnotho.
Isinqumo sala mazwe kanye namazwi eSekela likaNdunankulu lase-Italy, kuyizikhumbuzo ‘zezijeziso’ kwawase-Afrika ezenziwa ngamazwe afana neFrance.
Mhla sekucaca ukuthi liyayishonela ilanga kweyokuba namaKoloni e-Afrika, iFrance yeza namaqhinga agcina eseba yisivumelwano nababelwela inkululeko kula mazwe, okuthi ngaphambi kokuba athole inkululeko, kumele anxephezele iFrance.
‘Isinxephezelo’ eyayikhuluma ngaso kwaku‘ngesokulahlekelwa’ ngamakoloni ayo. kwase kwakhiwa isivumelwano esabizwa ngeContinuation of Colonisation Pact. Lesi sivumelwano, amazwe amaningi azithola ephoqwa ukuthi asisayinde, saba yisisekelo sokuqhubeka kweFrance ukuthi ilawule ezomnotho wamazwe ase-Afrika okwakuthiwa asethole inkululekelo.
Kulula namuhla ukugxeka abaholi bangaphambilini ngokuvuma ukuba yingxenye yesivumelwano esifana nalesi. Kepha, ngaleyo minyaka izishoshovu ezifana noSékou Touré waseGuinea zaziviva ngeziqubulo ezithi “kungcono ukhululeke noma ngabe umpofu, kunokuba yisigqila esinemali”. Lesi siqubulo sasingaphinde sihlanganiswe nesikaNkwame Nkrumah esasithi, “Asithole inkululeko kwezepolitiki, okunye koza ngamuva”.
Mhlawumbe leli lisu laba yiphutha, noma kwakungukufihla induku emqubeni ngethemba lokuthi izizukulwane ezizayo koba yizo ezifeza eyenkululeko yomnotho. Noma ngabe abaholi baseFrance bengaphika ukuthi izwe labo limi nje kungenxa yokuthi basagodle nezimali zase-Afrika, umlando unezigameko ezikhombisa ukuthi leli lizwe belingacabangi kabili uma libona sengathi lesi sivumelwano nelikuzuzayo ngaso kusengcupheni.
Isibonelo nje, ukuqunjwa phansi kombuso kaMengameli waseTogo u-Olympio mhla zili-13 kuMasingana ngowe-1963, emveni kokuba ethathe isinqumo sokuthi izwe lakhe libe namandla okuzigayela imali yalo. Kungaphinde kube ukuqunjwa phansi kombuso kaKeita waseMali ngowe-1968 emveni kokuba naye ezame ukuthatha izinyathelo ezazifana nezika-Olympio ekuphathweni kwemali yezwe.
Kulezi zigameko zombili, noma kwakuthiwa laba baholi baqunjwa phansi yizimbangi zabo, kudala avela amaqiniso okuthi iFrance yaba nesandla kuzona. Lo mlando weFrance wokujezisa abaholi abathize wenza kube khona abathi la mazwe, ikakhulukazi uTolan utheze olunenkume ngoba leli lizwe ligadla noma kanjani uma lesatshiswa.
Okumele kungakhohlwa wukuthi izwekazi alisafani nasemandulo. Yebo akhona amazwe asancengile kwawaseNyakatho, futhi akhona awaseNyakatho asazicanasela kepha aqinile amazwi ezakhamuzi zase-Afrika, izinhlangano ezizimele, ayikhalelayo eyalesi sivumelwano neFrance okwenza ilokhu iqhubekile imikhankaso yokuthi iphele.
Okumele kuvuse umhlwenga kuwo wonke ama-Afrika yimibono esivelile eqhamuka kulabo abathi kungabe wona la mazwe okwazi yini ukuzilawulela, ukuzigayela nokuzigcinela izimali yawo emabhangengodla awo. Umbuzo onjena ayidingi mpemdulo, okungenani, iphendulwa ngeminye: wona lo mbuzo udalwa yini? Kungabe bathi ama-Afrika kusamele alawulwe ezinye izizwe? Okumele kwenziwe ukuthi lesi sinqumo silandelisiswe ukuze kubhekwe ukuthi wonke amazwe ayingxenye yalezi zifunda asimele ngokweqiniso.
La mazwe awaphinde asekwe yilawo abuya kwezinye izifunda ngoba yizivumelwano zangaphambili ezifana nalesi saseFrance ezifiphaza amathuba okuthi izwekazi libumbane kwezomnotho nokuthi kwandiswa amathuba okudlondlobalisa ezohwebo ngaphakathi ezwenikazi, ukuze kudaleke ukuthula.
UMnu uSenzo Ngubane, uNgoti kwezocwaningo lokudala ukubuyisana nokuthula ezwenikazi i-Afrika
