Intsha yanamuhla inezinselelo ezehlukene neyangowe-1976
NGESONTO zili-16 kuNhlangulana iNingizimu Afrika izobe igubha usuku lweNtsha, lapho kuzobe kukhunjulwa abafundi bezikole zaseSoweto nakulo lonke leli abadela impilo yabo eminyakeni angama-43 edlule belwa nokufundiswa ngolimi lwesiBhunu zonke izifundo okwabe kuwumqondo kaHulumeni wobandlululo.
ESoweto abafundi ababengaphezu kwama-500 abanye abalimala, kwakhona abasala beyizinkubela emuva kokuba bedutshulwe amaphoyisa ayelandela umyalelo wowayephathiswe ezemfundo ngaleso sikhathi. Lo mbhikisho owawuqalwe ngokuthula wagcina usuphela ngesihluku. waqala emalokishini aseSoweto wagcina usubhebhetheka izwe lonke.
Namhlanje uma kukhulunywa ngentsha yezidubedube zangonyaka wezi-1976, kusuke kukhulunywa ngentsha enesibindi eyalwela inkulululeko, imfundo engcono yaphinde yanqoba nempi yengcindezelo.
Uma sikhuluma ngentsha yanamhlanje ekhule ngaphansi koHulumeni wentando yeningi, sicabanga intsha ekhule sekukhona wonke amathuba , lapho lentsha yowe-1976 nezishoshovu zomzabalazo ezazikulwela ngoHulumeni wobandlululo sekunqontshiwe, kodwa uma sibuka izibalo zombiko iQuarterly Labour Survey, kukhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi intsha yanamuhla ibhekene nomzabalazo omusha njengoba ngokophenyo kukhombisa ukuthi ayagqoza amathuba omsebenzi entsheni. Lo mbiko okhishwe ezinyangeni ezinhlanu ezedlule kuhloswe ngawo ukubheka ukuthi iziphi izinto ezinomthelela omubi ekuntengeni komnotho wakuleli, uphinde waveza ukuthi kusukela ngonyaka wezi- 2017 kube ngokokuqala ngqa emlandweni wezwe lapho izinga labantu abangasebenzi linyuke ngendlela ebabazekayo.
Ngokwalo mbiko uma kuqhathaniswa ukuphela konyaka odlule nesigamu sokuqala salo nyaka, izibalo zabantu abangasebenzi zikhuphuke ngo-0.5% okubeka iNingizimu Afrika njengezwe elihamba phambili emhlabeni ngesibalo sabantu abangasebenzi ngamaphesenti angama-37.
Kuzona lezi zibalo, isibalo sentsha engasebenzi sihamba phambili njengoba uma kubhekwa intsha esukela eminyakeni engama-25 kuya kwengama-34 isibalo sentsha engasebenzi silinganiselwa kumaphesenti angama- 34.2, bese kuthi uma kubhekwa izibalo zentsha esukela eminyakeni eli-15 kuya kwengama-24 isibalo sentsha engasebenzi silinganiselwa kumaphesenti angama-55. Lo mbiko awugcini lapho nje kuphela njengoba uveza ukuthi entsheni eswele imisebenzi, izibalo zabesifazane boHlanga abangasebenzi ziphezulu kakhulu uma ziqhathanisw nabesilisa njengoba abesifazane boHlanga bengamaphesenti angama-32.2balandelwe amaKhaladi ngama- 23.5% bese kugcina abaMhlophe ngo-6.7%
Ngokwenqubomgomo iNational Youth Policy 2015-2020, okuhloswe ngayo ukuqhamuka nezisombululo ezinkingeni ezihaqe intsha okubalwa kuzona, ububha, izinga eliphezulu lentsha engasebenzi, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, ezempilo, izinga labatheleleke ngegciwane lengculazi nezinye izinkinga ezibhekene nentsha. Ngonyaka wezi-2020 kwakubekwe ukuthi isibalo sentsha esebenzayo sibe sesikhuphuke sifike ku 14% okuyimanje lelizwe lisalele ngemuva ngo 12.7%.
Phezu kwalezi zibalo kuphinde kuvele ukuthi ngaphandle kokushoda kwemisebenzi, kunentsha engama-50% ephakathi kweminyaka eli-18 kuya kwengama-24 engenazo izindlela zokuqhubeka nemfundo yamazinga aphakeme ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezimali.
Entsheni ebe nenhlanhla yokufunda igogode emazingeni emfundo ephakame, ngokwemibiko yenhlangano ezimele iSouth African Graduates Development Association (Sagda) eyasungulelwa ukusiza labo asebegogodile ukuze bathole imisebenzi kulabo ababenenhlanhla yokugogoda, abangama-433 000 kubona bahleli emakhaya neziqu zabo zemfundo ephakeme.
Nakuba zikhona izinhlangano ezasungulwa uhulumeni ngenhloso yokubheka igebe lokungalingani ngokwamathuba entsheni ikakhulu ngokobulili, ziphinde futhi zilekelele intsha ukuba iziqalele amabhizinisi nemifelandawonye okubalwa kuzo izinhlaka ezifana neNational Development Agency eyasungulwa eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, intsha ithi amathemba ayo awasekho kulezizinhlaka njengoba kumanje ilinganiselwa ku-40% intsha ehlezi emakhaya engenayo imisebenzi.
Kodwa nakuba intsha isilahlekelwe yithemba, uhlelo olwaziwa ngeYouth Employment Service (YES) olwathulwa uMengameli uCyril Ramaphosa Ramaphosa ngoMbasa wonyaka odlule lubukeka luzobuyisa ithemba.
Lolu hlelo olwenziwe ngokubambisana phakathi kukaHulumeni, izinkampani ezizimele, amabhizinisi amancane nezinyunyana kuhloswe ngalo ukugqugquzela intsha ukuba isungule amabhizinisi nokuthuthukisa amabhizinisi amancane entsha yaboHlanga . Ngaphansi kwaloluhlelo intsha ithola uxhaso lwezezimali , okulindeleke ukuthi uma amabhizinisi ayo esesimeme , ivulele nenye intsha amathuba emisebenzi.
Kuphinde futhi kunikwe intsha efuna imisebenzi , isipiliyoni. Kusukela loluhlelo luqalile ngonyaka odlule, zingama 230 izinkampani esezizibophezele ukuba yingxenye yaloluhlelo, ezingama 16 300 sezizibophezele ukunika intsha engaphansi kwaloluhlelo isipiliyoni somsebenzi.
NgoNhlolanja walonyaka ibhange laseNedbank liqalise uhlelo lokucija intsha eyizi-3 315 ngesipiliyoni somsebenzi okuzoqhubeka izinyanga ezili-12.