Abesifazane nabo bakulungele ukuphatha
IMBOKODO isihambe ibanga elide ukuthi nayo ibambe iqhaza ekuthuthukiseni izimpilo zabantu ezingeni lo mhlaba
ESIKHATHINI esiningi abantu besifazane, bakhula bebukelwa phansi ngokwenkolelo yokuthi abesimame bafanelwe kuphela ukwenza imisebenzi yasekhaya. Le nkolelo namhlanje isiqala ukuba yinto yomlando emazweni amaningi nakuba kusathatha isikhathi ukubona uguquko kwamanye. Phela akukudala kakhulu lapho abantu abaningi babengakuphuphi nakukuphupha ukuba umengameli wezwe wesifazane, ikakhulukazi njengoba kuqala babengavumelekile ngisho ukuvota. Namhlanje abesifazane basezikhundleni zokuhola emazingeni aphezulu emhlabeni, kanti lokhu kuyinkomba yokuthi umzabalazo wabo uyaphumelela futhi usaqhubeka.
Uma beqhathaniswa nabesilisa ngobuholi emhlabeni abesifazane kusekude phambili. KuMasingana nonyaka, bangama-24 kuphela abesifazane ababehlezi ezicongweni zokuhola amazwe noma uhulumeni emazweni ahlukahlukene emhlabeni. Ezinkampanini ezingama-500 ezihamba phambili emhlabeni bangamapheseni ama-4.6 kuphela abesifazane abayizikhulu kuzo. Kubantu abangosozigidigidi emhlabeni ababalelwa ku-1826, bali-197 kuphela abesifazane. Iqiniso lokuthi lezi zinombolo ziyaqhubeka zihlale kanje imnyaka ilandelana kuyakhathaza emhlabeni osekunamazwe amaningi azama ukuqhuba imibhidlango yokuthuthukisa abesifazane.
Uma siqala sikhuluma ngabaholi besifazane emhlabeni, singavula ingxoxo lapha ekhaya, ngoSihlalo wenhlangano yamazwe ase-Afrika i-African Union uMhlonishwa uNkosazana Dlamini-Zuma. UDlamini-Zuma uyibekile induku ebandla emzabalazweni wabesifazane kuleli kanye nakwamanye amazwe angaphandle e-Afrika. Umsebenzi wakhe umtholelele isikhundla sokuba ngusihlalo we-AU wokuqala wabesifazane.
Umsebenzi wakhe uqale ukubonakala kuleli ngonyaka we-1970, lapho ayeyilungu lokuqina le-African National Congress (ANC). Ngaleso sikhathi wayeyilungu futhi leSouth African Students Organization aqokelwa ukuba umengameli kuyo ngonyaka we-1976. Ngawo lo nyaka oKaDlamini waya ekudingisweni ebalekela umbuso kahulumeni wobandlululo. Ngonyaka we-1978 waphothula izifundo zakhe zezeMpilo e-University of Bristol e-England. Ebuya kuleli lizwekazi waba ngudokotela eMbabane Government Hospital eSwaziland. Ngonyaka we-1985 wabuyela e-United Kingdom ukuyoqedela izifundo zakhe eLiverpool University’s School of Tropical Medicine. Eqeda ukuphothula iziqu zakhe wabuya kuleli ukuzosebenza ku-ANC Regional Health Committee ngaphambi kokwamukela isikhundla sokuba ngumqondisi wezeMpilo kuHealth and Refugee Trust, okwakuyinhlangano kahulumeni wase-UK.
Ngonyaka we-1994 waba nguNgqongqoshe WezeMpilo ngaphansi kukaMengameli uDkt uNelson Mandela, waba nguNgqongqoshe WezangaPhandle ngowe-1999 ngaphansi kukaMengameli uThabo Mbeki. Ngaphansi kukaMengameli uZuma waba nguNgqongqoshe WezaseKhaya, okuyisikhundla asula kuso ngowezi-2012.
Uvuthondaba ngomlando wakhe uqhamuke eqokwa njengosihlalo wokuqala wesifazane we-African Union Commission. Lokhu kwaholela ekutheni abahlaziyi bamubone njengowesifazane okungenzeka abengowokuqala ukuhola iqembu elibusayo. Kumanje amalungu e-ANC esifazane, okubalwa kuwo umholi we-ANC Women’s League uMhlonishwa u-Angie Motshekgwa, sebephumele obala kaningi ukuthi bafuna ukubona umholi wesifazane maduze kuleli qembu. Lesi yisifiso esisike sasekwa ngisho nanguMengameli uZuma oseke washo ngaphambilini ukuthi kungabonakala eminyakeni ezayo.
INingizimu Afrika isike yaba naye nokho umengameli wesifazane, uNkk Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka, kodwa wayengene njengebamba ngoba wayeyiphini likamengameli ngonyaka wezi-2005 kuya kowezi-2008. Akahlalanga isikhathi eside kulesi sikhundla kodwa amagalelo akhe njengomholi wesifazane asabonakala njengoba aqokelwa isikhundla esiqavile eNhlanganweni yamaZwe, i-United Nations. UMlambo-Ngcuka uyi-Under-Secretary-General and the Executive Director of UN Women.
UMlambo-Ngcuka waphothula izifundo zakhe zesocial science eNational University of Lesotho ngonyaka we-1980. Ngowezi-2003 wathola iziqu zemasters ezifundweni zephilosophy eUniversit of Cape Town. Ngenxa yomsebenzi wakhe oncomekayo ekuthuthukiseni ezemfundo emazweni ase-Afrika i-University of Warwick yamchoma uphaphe legwalagwala bemunikeza iziqu zobudokotela.
Umlando wakhe uke wanindwa ezombusazwe nokho njengoba angena esikhundleni sokuba yiPhini likaMengameli uThabo Mbeki ngowezi-2005 isimo sezombusazwe simapeketwane kuqeda ukukhululwa kukaZuma kulesi sikhundla. Umyeni wakhe ngaleso sikhathi, uMnu uBulelani Ngcuka wayeyiNhloko yeSouth Africa’s National Directorate of Public Prosecutions ebhekene nobugebengu obuhleliwe. KwakuyiNDPP eyanquma ukuthi uZuma kumele aphenywe ngamacala enkohlakalo ayesolwa ngawo, uMsholozi awachitha ngokuthi wakhelwa uzungu ngokwezombusazwe. Ngonyaka wezi-2007 uMlambo Ngcuka walahlekelwa yisikhundla sakhe kuNational Executive Authority. Nakuba izinto zimjikele, uMlambo-Ngcuka ukwazile ukuzitakula wagcina esesikhundleni esihlonishwa umhlaba wonke ku-UN.
Uma sidlulela kubaholi emhlabeni, omunye wabesifazane abazihola phambili emhlabeni kubalwa uNks uChristine Madeleine Odette Lagarde. Le mbokodo izakhele udomo eba ngusihlalo wokuqala wesifazane enkampanini yabammeli iBaker & McKenzie edume umhlaba wonke. ULagarde njengamanje ubambe isikhundla sokuba nguMqondisi ophezulu ku-International Monetary Fund, okuyisikhwama esilawula imali emhlabeni. Usebambe lesi sikhundla kusukela ngonyaka wezi-2009 kanti usibambe emva kokuba ungqongqoshe emnyangweni ehlukahlukene ezweni iFrance. Ube ngowesifazane wokuqala ukuba ngungqongqoshe womnotho wamazwe angaphansi kwenhlangano iG8, waphinda wabo ngowesifazane wokuqala ukuhola i-IMF. ULangard ulele isithuppha ohlwini lwabesifazane abahamba phambili emhlabeni.
Ohola loluhlu lakwaForbes, ngu-Angele Merkel onguChancellor waseGermany. UMerkel usebambe lesi sikhundla imnyaka elishumi ilandelana. Ngeke siwulande kude kakhulu umsebenzi wakhe njengoba nanamhlanje usabonakala. Ngonyaka wezi-2014 ukwaze ukugcina isikhundla sakhe, azoqhubeka kuso emnyakeni emine elandelayo.
Ngesikhathi senkinga yezomnotho e-Europe, wakwazi ukuthi atakule umnotho waseGermany ngokusebenzisana nezinkampani kanye nokusiza abantu ababebhekene nobubha emphakathini. Kamuva nje ubeyingxenye yabaholi bamazwe abebezama ukutakula umnotho wezwe laseGreece elicwile ezikweletini. Usebenzise amandla akhe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azame ukuthola isisombululo empini ephakathi kwezwe iRussia ne-Ukraine ngokuba nezigxonxo zokuthula noMengameli waseRussia uMnu Vladimir Putin.
Omunye wabesifazane abazakhela igama emhlabeni njengamanje nguNkk uHilary Clinton, osibheke ngabomvu esobuMengameli eMelika. UNkk uClinton uhola phambili bonke abagaqele isikhundla sobuMengameli eMelika njengoba kuzoyiwa okhethweni ngonyaka ozayo. Kumanje useqoqe imali ebalelwa ezigidini eziyisi-9 zamadola aseMelika. Ngokwenhlolovo yakwaCNN/ORC abantu abayisikhombisa kwabalishumi kubaholi bamaDemocrats baseke yena ngamavoti kanti ushiya umholi wamaRepublican ngamavoti ali-12. Ungowokuqala ukuba nguNdlunkulu aphinde azongenela ukhetho lobuMengameli emlandweni waleli lizwe. Ukwazisa abantu ngempilo yakhe nobunzima esedlule kubo ngonyaka wezi-2014 ukhiphe incwadi ebizwa ngeHard Choices emngenisele izigidi.
Liselide ibanga elisahanjwa abesifazane kodwa abaholi abafana nalaba ababaliwe ngenhla bonke bazibekele inselelelo yokulekelela abesifazane ezweni lonke. Isibonelo salokhu kube yisenzo sikaNks uOprah Winfrey evula isikole samantombazane kuleli ngonyaka wezi-2007, iLeadership Academy for Girls. Ngaphezu kwakhe kunabanye abaholi abafana noNkk uMelinda Gates, ongunkosikazi wesiqumama uBill Gates owasungula iMicrosoft. Ngonyaka wezi-2014 uNkk uGates unikele ngezigidigidi ezibalelwa ku-3.9 wamadola aseMelika emhlabeni. Umsebenzi wakhe usuhlabe abanye abantu abanikelayo umxhwele nabo bagqugquzeleka ukuthi baqhubeke nomsebenzi wabo. Usazoqhubeka agxile ekufakeni imali ezinhlanganweni eziqhakambisa imfundo namakhono abesifazane.
Imizamo efana nalena ingaqinisekisa ukuthi amazwe emhlabeni ayaqhubeka nokukhiqiza abaholi besifazane abamnkantshubovu.
