Amaphuzu ayingqikithi yabashicileli nababhali mayelana nomthethosivivinyo ochitshiyelwe wamalungelo okuqopha
Sibheka imithetho nemithethosivivinywa ephathelene nokuqoshwa nokushicilelwa kolwazi eNingizimu Afrika. Kukhona okungamaginxiginxi nalokho okuhhadlazelayo okuhlongozwa kuMthethosivivinywa wokuchicilela.
Umthethosivivinywa wenza ukuvumeleka okubanzi ngokweqile
Umthethosivivinyo wamalungelo okuqopha uzokwenza ukuvumeleka okusha kwelungelo lokusebenzisa umsebenzi wabaqophi/ababhali, lokho kusukela entweni ebizwa ngokuthi ‘wuhlelo oluyingxube lokuvumeleka kwelungelo lokuqopha elisekelwe ohlelweni olubizwa ngokuthi ‘ukusebenzisa ngokulungile’. Lezi zinto ezintsha ezivumelekile ngokwelungelo lokuqopha zivuleleke kakhulu ukudlula amazwe amaningi emhlabeni, isizathu salokho senziwe salula kakhulu nje ngokuthi kuthiwe ‘izinsiza zokufundisa zibiza kakhulu.
Njengakwamanye amazwe amaningi e-Afrika, ama-80% okushicilela eNingizimu Afrika ilawo okushicilela izinto eziqondene nezemfundo. Okuvumelekile elungelweni lokuqopha okubanzi ngokweqile nokuvuleleke kakhulu kuzokwenza ababhali nabashicileli bangatholi ukuholeleka okufanele noma inzuzo ngemisebenzi yabo. Lokho kuzokwenzeka ekubeni kumele babhekane nezindleko zokukhiqiza imisebenzi yezemfundo.
Ukuzivikela ekuxhashazweni kwelungelo lokuqopha
Umthetho sivivinyo welungelo lokuqopha uguqula lokho okuvumelekile kokusebenzisana okukhona kumthetho osebenzayo njengamanje uMthetho Welungelo Lobunikazi we-1978 wenza okuvumelekile kube banzi ngokweqile okwenza imigomo enobulungiswa ingabibikho.
Lapha sibona kwengezwa lokho okuvumelekile okubanzi ngokweqile ngenhloso yokuvikela laba abaxhaphaza imisebenzi yokuqopha ebizwa ngoku ‘sebenzisa ngokulungile’. Lokhu kuvikela kuthiwa kusekelwe emthethweni wase-United States, kodwa lo mthetho sivivinyo ubanzi kakhulu kunalokho, isibonelo, awusifaki isinxephezelo esiphoqelekile ngamademeshe; okuyiyonanto eyenza kuqondakale noma kube ngconywana ukusetshenziswa kohlelo lo ‘kusebenzisa ngokulungile’ kubhekelele abanikazi belungelo lokuqopha e-USA.
Lezi zinto ezivumelekile nezibanzi zokusebenzisa amalungelo abaqophi zingasetshenziswa abanye abaningi ngaphandle kwemvume nangaphandle kokukhokhela abanikazi okungabaqophi; lokhu okuchaza ukuthi ababhali nabashicileli bayakhishwa ekuzuzeni emnothweni wezwe naseku sabalaliseni imisebenzi yabo, okwenza kuzuze abanye.
Kuleyo misebenzi ebalulekile, kuzoba nokuxabana okuningi okuyisana ezinkantolo phakathi kwabashicileli namakhasimende abo okungenzeka bakholwe ukuthi ukukopisha imisebenzi yabanye ngenhloso yezemfundo kuvumelekile ngaphandle kokukhokha. Izindleko zezinkantolo kuyomele zikhokhwe hhayi kuphela ngabashicileli kepha nazo izikhungo zezemfundo zona lezi lomthetho ovumelelayo odalelwe ukusiza zona. Ababhali nabanye abangabanikazi bokuqoshiwe abangafisi ukuya ezinkantolo ukulwa nalabo abaxhaphaza imisebenzi yabo besebenzisa lokhu okuthiwa u ‘ukusebenzisa ngokulungile’ kungenzeka bagcine begeze izandla ngokusetshenziswa kwemisebenzi yabo okungavumelekile.
Ukudluliselwa kwelungelo lokuqopha kubekwe eminyakeni engama-25
Umthetho sivivinyo ubeka isikhathi okungadluliswa ngaso ilungelo loqopha eminyakeni engama¬-25. Abashicileli imvamisa bayatshala kubabhali bathuthukise ukukhula kwabo. Lokho kungathatha isikhashana – kujwayelekile ukuthi incwadi yokuqala yombhali iqale ukudayisa emva kokuba umbhali eseshicilele ezinye, lokho okungathatha kalula isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka engama-25.
Umthethonqubo ofinyelela kweqe
UNgqongqoshe woMnyango Wezohwebo Nezimboni unikwa amandla okubeka amazinga ezivumelwano zokudayiselana amancane afanele. Lokhu kuzodala ukusebenza ngokuvumelana kube lukhuni njengoba futhi kugxambukela enkululekweni yokwenza izivumelwano phakathi kwababhali nabashicileli, abaculi nezinkampani zokuqopha, njalo njalo, okuthatha amandla okuxoxisana kubenzi bomsebenzi okuphinde kugxambukele esimweni esihle sokuqhudelana nokuthengiselana kwamaciko angcono.
Isibonelo nje, umqulu olandula ngohlelo lokuvumelana lokushicilela empeleni kwavumelwana ngalo phakathi kwezinhlangano i-Academic and Non-Fiction Authors’ Association of South Africa (ANFASA) nePASA (bheka lapha: http://www.publishsa.co.za/file/1541603357tll¬apact2016.pdf).
Izibonelelo uma ziba umholo, kuvimbela ezinye izinhlobo zokuhola
Umthethosivivinyo uhlose ukunika amaciko ingxenye engcono ezimalini ezingenayo emisebenzini yawo kodwa kuzokwenzeka lokho ngokuthi kube nesimemezelo sikaNgqongqoshe sezinga lezibonelelo. Le ndlela uma ilandelwa iyoba nomthelela omkhulu ezinqumweni zokushicilela, uma singabeka nje, kungaba nokukhetha kungabe kusanakisiswa ezinye izindlela zokuhola, njengokuthola imali kungakashicilelwa, ngenxa yohlobo lobungozi obuthathwa abashicileli. Umthetho ivivinyo ngephutha uhlawumbekisa ukuthi yonke imisebenzi eshicilelwayo iba yimpumelelo ngokwezentengiso.
Ukuhambisana kokungeniswayo ngohwebo
Umthethosivivinyo uvumela lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi ‘ukuhambisana kokungeniswayo ngohwebo’ – okuchaza ukuthi uma izincwadi zitholakala phesheya kwezilwandle ngenani eliphansi kunaseNingizimu Afrika, lezo zincwadi zingangeniswa ezweni noma zithengwe phesheya. Mhlawumbe lokhu kuhloswe ngakho ukuthi abathengi bezincwadi baboneleleke, kodwa kuzolimaza ukuhwebelana ngezincwadi kanzima.
Siya vumelana noMongameli ezinhlelweni zakhe zokwenza iNingizimu Afrika isizwe esifundayo, kodwa okwamanje iqiniso lithi iNingizimu Afrika ayikabi isizwe esifunda izincwadi ezingeni eliphezulu; ngakho lokhu kuzolimaza abadayisi bezincwadi. Ngalendlela lokhu kuyingozi enkulu futhi akusiso iseluleko esihle esimweni sokuhweba ngezincwadi.
Lisavulekile na ithuba lokubonisana?
Sekushiwo konke lokhu okungaphezulu nokunye okuningi okungashiwo mayelana nalo mthethosivivinyo, kubalulekile ukuthi ababhali nabashicileli bezincwadi bawazi amalungelo abo okuqopha futhi bawavikele.
Kubalulekile ukunxenxa iPhalamende ukuthi livule ithuba lokubonisana nePhalamende noHulumeni mayelana nezinqumo ezithathwe ababhali nabashicileli ngalo mthethosivivinyo njengobas uMongameli enqabile ukuwusayinda wawubuyisela ePhalamende ukuthi ubuyekezwe.